Virtual 

National Training Course on NDT

Hanoi, Nov,

Quality
2021

QA/QC and NDT

CENTER FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION

Add: 140 Nguyen Tuan St. - Thanh Xuan Dist. - Hanoi
Website: www.nde.com.vn
Quality
Quality of an industrial product does not mean the best or
excellent, but rather, it is defined as the fitness of the product to
do the job required of it by the user
An industrial product is designed to perform a certain function.
The user buys it with every expectation that it will perform the
assigned function well and give a trouble-free service for a
reasonable period of time
The quality of products, components or parts depends upon
many factors important among which are the design, material
characteristics and materials manufacturing and fabrication
techniques
Quality Control
It can be defined as the controls applied at each manufacturing
stage to consistently produce a quality product or in another way it
is said to be the applications of operational techniques and
activities which sustain quality of a product or service that will
satisfy given needs
The word "control" represents a management tool with four basic
steps:
 setting quality standards;
 checking conformance with the standards;
 acting when the standards are not met; and
 assessing the need for changes in the standards
Quality Assurance
As the name suggests quality assurance is the taking of all those
planned and systematic technical and administrative actions necessary
to assure that the item is being produced to optimum quality level and it
will, with adequate confidence, perform satisfactorily in service
Quality assurance is aimed at doing things right the first time and
involves a
continuing evaluation of the adequacy and effectiveness of the overall
quality
control programme with a view to having corrective measures initiated
where
necessary
Examination and testing

Quality may be defined in terms of defects and imperfections

present in the materials used for making the product or in the
finished product itself. Many defects can also be formed in
products during service
A knowledge of these defects with a view to determining them
and then minimizing them in a product is essential to achieve a
better or an acceptable level of quality
Examination and testing are those quality control functions which
are carried out, during the fabrication of an industrial product, by
quality persons (inspector;examiner; etc)
Nondestructive Testing
A wide variety of test schemes exist, some destructive and some non-
destructive
According to ASTM E-7 Committee non-destructive testing (NDT) is the
development and application of technical methods to examine material of
components in ways that do not impair future usefulness and serviceability in
order:
 to detect, locate, measure and evaluate discontinuities, and other
imperfections;
 to assess integrity, properties and composition; and
 to measure geometrical and physical characteristics

(ASTM E 1316-21b Standard Terminology for Nondestructive

Examinations)
Nondestructive Testing – various terms
The terms non-destructive testing (NDT), non-destructive inspection (NDI)
and non-destructive examination are taken to be interchangeable (or identical
as ASTM E 1316), but a newer term non-destructive evaluation (NDE) is
coming into use
In NDT or NDI, or NDE in flaw detection applications, the end product is taken
to be a description of the flaws which have been detected in terms of their
nature, size, and location
NDE/non-destructive evaluation is a term that is often used interchangeably
with ones above. However, technically, NDE is used to describe
measurements that are more quantitative in nature. For example, an NDE
method would not only locate a defect, but it would also be used to measure
something about that defect such as its shape, and orientation
NDE may be used to determine material properties, such as fracture
toughness, formability, and other physical characteristics
Nondestructive Testing
Non-destructive testing (NDT) plays an important role in the
quality control not only of the finished products, but also of half
finished products as well as the initial raw materials
NDT can be used at all stages of the production process or life
cycle of a component
It can also be used during the process of establishing a new
technology by product quality or when developing a new product
Outside the manufacturing field, NDT is also widely used for
routine or periodic control of various items during operation to
ascertain that their quality has not deteriorated with use
Some applications of NDT
• Flaw Detection and Evaluation
• Leak Detection
• Location Determination
• Dimensional Measurements
• Structure and Microstructure Characterization
• Estimation of Mechanical and Physical Properties
• Stress (Strain) and Dynamic Response Measurements
• Material Sorting and Chemical Composition
Determination (PMI)
NDT can be applied on various
• Materials: metallic or non-metallic (concrete, wood, composites,
etc.)
• Processes: casting, forging, rolling, welding, heat treatment,
coating/painting, etc
• Forms: plate, pipe or any irregular others
NDT Applications: what for?
 To assist in product development
 To screen or sort incoming materials
 To monitor, improve or control manufacturing
processes
 To verify proper processing such as heat treating
 To verify proper assembly
 To inspect for in-service damage
 Role of NDT
Today, NDT play an vital role in and become a essential part of any
QA/QC program in various industries, ranging from petroleum, chemical,
power generation, transportation to building construction, etc.
Billions of parts in the manufacturing, power generation and transportation
industries throughout the world are being inspected on a daily basis using
one or more NDT methods
As an inspection, condition monitoring and diagnostic tool in a variety
of applications, NDT plays a key role in the safety of our lives
 NDT Industry, why not?
NDT is in itself an important and growing industry involving R&D,
sensor and instrumentation supply chains, alongside a service-
provision sector
It is estimated that there are more than 120,000 NDT inspectors
operating worldwide
The community has formal mechanisms for skills development
ranging from Practitioner/Technician to Doctorate level
The global NDT industry had an estimated turnover in 2025 of about
$25bn
This levers a much greater benefit to end users through intelligent risk
management
NDT Methods
• There are many NDT methods available due to various:
- items to be exmined: material, process, configuration
- discontinuities to be detected and evaluated: type, loacation, size, orient
- condition or stage: raw material, manufacturing, in-service, etc.
• It can be classified:
- For metallic or non-metallic (NDT for Civil Structures)
- Surface or Volumetric
- Conventional/Routine or Advanced/Digital
Note:
The different methods are mostly suplimental, but not compet or eliminate to each other
Quality of NDT
As a tool of QA/QC process, NDT shall be controlled for its quality!

NDT Process is widely considered as one of special processes as others such

as Welding, Heat treatments, Protect coating etc.
Special Processes are controlled by:

 Qualified Procedures
 Qualified Personnel
 Controlled Equipments

in accordance of applicable Code & Standards

Qualification and Certification of NDT
Personnel
“It is recognized that the effectiveness of nondestructive testing (NDT)
applications depends upon the capabilities of the personnel who are
responsible for, and perform, NDT.” (ASNT SNT-TC-1A, 2020 Edition)
The need for competent personnel to perform NDT tasks is paramount in all
industries
In order to determine competency, systems have been devised to ensure
that NDT personnel have the proper training, have passed written and
practical examinations, and have enough experience to properly perform
NDT tasks using the applicable test method or technique
Personnel that have met all three of these requirements are said to be
“qualified,” and once qualified they can be certified, which is defined in
several different ways under the various NDT systems
NDT Certification Systems

There are multiple NDT certification systems worldwide, but

they can generally be divided into two main types: “employer-
based”, such as SNT-TC-1A based and “central” certification
systems (for example ISO EN 9712)
SNT-TC-1A

• Employer-based certification systems are systems in which the

employers are responsible for the administration of the training
and the qualification examinations of their own employees, as
well as the documentation of the required training, examinations
and experience in accordance with an employer-based
standard or recommended practice, Written Practice.
 ISO EN 9712
are systems in which the qualification examinations are
administered by an independent third-party certification body
based on a central certification standard
Upon successful completion of the third-party examinations, the
certification body will issue a certificate attesting to the fact that the
named certificate holder has met the requirements and passed the
examinations described in the third-party certification system
As with employer-based systems, the employer has the ultimate
responsibility to certify (authorize) the certificate holder to perform
NDT tasks
 Levels of Qualification

Most certification programs have three levels of NDT qualification:

Level I, Level II and Level III (highest)
Trainee: Though not a certification level, a trainee is a person who
is in the process of being initially trained, qualified and certified,
and should work with a certified individual. A trainee may not
independently conduct, interpret, evaluate or report the results of
any NDT test

Core Certification Requirements: Training, Examination,

Experience
CENTER FOR NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION (NDE)
Add: 140 Nguyen Tuan St. - Thanh Xuan Dist. - Hanoi
Tel: 84 24 35577881 Fax: 84 24 35577882
Website: www.nde.com.vn
Center for Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE)

Add: 140 Nguyen Tuan St. - Thanh Xuan Dist. - Hanoi

Website: www.nde.com.vn
 Contents
1. History
2. Main tasks
3. Organization & Quality Management Systems
4. Human resource & Main Activities
5. International Cooperation Activity
 1. History
Date of establishment: 26 Aug 2008 by Unifying 03 NDT labs under VINATOM
• Non-Destructive Testing Division, Center for Nuclear Techniques, Institute of Nuclear
Science and Technology;
• Division for Application of Nuclear Techniques in Industry, Center for Nuclear Techniques in
Ho Chi Minh city;
• Center for Non-Destructive Testing and Nuclear Techniques, Technology Application and
Development Company- NEAD;

VINATOM

INST CNT HCM NEAD Co. CENTER FOR NDE

NDT NDT NDT

 2. Main Task

 R&D and apply technologies in the field of Non-destructive inspection,

evaluation and other technologies relating to production and life.
 Training and Developing human resources for NDT at works; To
provide, technical support, inspect in the area of NDT, NDE, radiation
safety;..
 To implement technological transfer and international cooperation in
the field of NDE.
 
3. Organization

Board of
Directors

Science &
Technology
Council

General Research and Technical

Training NDT Industry
Administration Development Support
Division Division
Division Division Division
Quality Management Systems

ISO 9001:2008 VRLAB.61 (for NDT labs) ISO/IEC 17020: 2012

(for inspection)
Human resources

Total: 65 (include
experts & collaborators)
Doctor: 03
NDT, Welding experts
and technicians: 50
 R&D the advanced Do NDT testing &
NDT techniques inspection:
Conventional &
Advance

Elemental and
Structural
Human Resource Training in
Analysis
NDT & Radiation Safety

NDT in
4 Main Activities Construction
Services of
Radiation Safety in
Industry and Health

Domestic
Calibration/verification
International manufacturing
of NDT Equipment;
Cooperation some NDT
equipment
 R&D Activity

 Doing research and development in the field of NDT, NDE…

 Guide and supervise under- graduate on graduation thesis...
 Typical R&D Products by NDE

X-ray film viewer Radiation warning

system

Road moisture-density
gauge

Radiography testing equipment using Co-

60 source used to be utilized in therapy.

Gamma cell using discharged medical

source, applied in plant mutation.
 Training & Consultancy activities

Personnel Training & Qualification on :

• NDT at Level I/1, II/2, III/3 according to ASNT/TC 1A & ISO 9712
• Radiation safety
• Welding Inspector

For almost different fields:

- NDT & Construction Labs
- Register organizations
- Oil and gas company
- Power company
- etc
Consultancy on establishing NDT facilities; solutions; procedures in
accordance with requirements of ASME, VR, API, standards…
Training…

Training capacities
Training Results:

Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year Year
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 201 201 201 202
7 8 9 0

No. of Participants 167 230 338 314 301 339 413 352 381 271 268 320

No. of Certifications 220 245 444 539 495 524 550 462 529 406 438 480

NUMBERS OF NDT CERTIFICATES

UT RT MT PT RI UTM ET VT WI IS HT VI ACFM PMI PAUT

2011 141 68 83 62 25 2 22 26 15
2012 122 116 141 122 4 15 9 10
2013 125 76 131 108 32 6 7 8 2
2014 117 86 130 125 54 7 3 2

2015 123 86 122 125 43 4 12 26 4 5

2016 119 42 119 110 32 17 23
2017 109 35 141 91 30 3 10 86 20 4
2018 99 61 102 91 19 12 10 12
Total 955 570 969 834 239 54 56 71 120 15 13 20 4 7 12
 NDT Services

 Supply both Conventional NDT and Advanced technology NDT for QA/QC
programs in- service and in maintenance
 Fields of testing:
- Energy: thermal power plant, hydropower plant, wind power plant…
- Oil & Gas
- Civil construction
- Etc
 NDT Inspectors and technicians:
- Qualified by ASNT, AWS, TWI/CSWIP
Conventional NDT – typical project

VT, FT, PT, MT, UTM…

Conventional NDT

UTM, VT
inside Boiler

NDT in-service for High Energy Piping

 Conventional NDT

RT- An Khe
Biomass
Power Plant
Project

UT- Dong
Tru
Bridge
Project

Magnetic Particle Testing

 NDT Services
Advanced NDT:

DIR, CR, advanced ET, advanced MT, Phasor XS, Stress

Monitor…

PHASOR XS
Advanced NDT
PEC Research Team

PEC System
Advanced NDT

CR Test at Phu My
Fertilizer Plant

Boiler tubes
inspection by PAUT
Mong Duong II TPP
Project

PAUT (SONATEST VEO):

Hoang Van Thu
Bridge Project
Advanced NDT

Infrared Thermal Test

at the Tien Hai Gas
Distribution Center

Moisture
measurement at the
Tien Hai Gas
Distribution Center
Advanced NDT

DIR Test at Tien Hai

Gas Distribution
Center

ECT at Phu My III

Thermal Power
Plant
Advanced NDT

ECT at Formosa,
AES Mong Duong II,
Phu My III BOT,
Duyen Hai TPP, …

TOFD: NAMTHEUM II
Hydropower plant
Typical NDT Projects
Combined NDT for testing the quality of structures Nhi thien
Duong bridge, HochiMinh city
Combined NDT for testing the reinforcement concrete
at Nhi thien Duong bridge
MT Cover meter

MT Cover meter

UPV
MT Cover meter
UPV
Combined NDT for testing the
reinforcement concrete at Y bridge

MT Cover meter
UPV

UPV
 PSM – Parallel Seismic Method
Determine the length of foundation piles at Nhi Thien Đuong Bridge, HCMC

PSM -Parallel Seismic Method

 PSM
Determine the length of foundation piles at Nhi Thien Đuong Bridge, HCMC

PSM -Parallel Seismic Method

CHUM – Testing the quality of pile foundation concrete at
high building My Phuc, HCMC

CHUM – Cross Hole Ultrasonic Method

TESTING IN-SITU / CHUM

TESTING PILE CONCRETE AT CAN THO

BRIDGE
TESTING PILE CONCRETE AT KENH TE
BRIDGE

CT2
TESTING PILE CONCRETE AT BINH THUAN BRIDGE TESTING PILE CONCRETE AT SONG DO
PET (Pile echo Test)
Hopital, Kiên Giang,
Port- Bridge, Cái Mép- Vũng Tầu
High Builing, Chánh Dương – Bình Dương
Half-cell Potential measurement (CANIN)
Testing: rebar corrosion in Column in Building, HCMC

Standars, criterion:
- ASTM C876 - 91

- TCVN 9348: 2012

RADIOGRAPHY rebars in reinforced Concrete

Film Radigraphy Computed Radigraphy

3. M? U T2-CR7 (100%)

4.M? U T2-CR-6 (30%)

Software
Technical Services in supporting Atomic Energy
Applications
• Training on Radiation Protection & Safety, Radiation Emergency Response ;
• Supplying Personal Radiation dosimeter _TLD;
• Providing licensing consultancy for radiation facilities:
Import, Export and Transportation of Radiation Sources
Using Radioactive Materials, Industrial Radiography devices,
Medical Radiology equipments…
• Measuring & assessing radiation safety for the radiation
facilities in Industry and Medicine.
5. International Cooperation Activity
- IAEA  RAS projects : RAS 8/100, RAS 8/105,
RAS 8/110, RAS 1/013, RAS 1/020; RAS
1/022 (2019-2022)
 VIE projects: VIE 8020, VIE 1009

India, Japan, Russia,

Germany, Korea,
Angola…

 Protocol with
Lao PDR, Cambodia DSM- MOST- Lao PDR

Training course for Laos under the Protocol

Protocol: “Supporting MOST of Lao PDR to build up a
Center for NDT and Nuclear techniques (NT).” – example in
international co..
Lao PDR (MOST) Vietnam (MOST)
Dr. BoViengkham Dr. Chu Ngoc Anh
Mr. Phim phak Ms. Ha Thi Lam Hong
Mr. Kongsaysy Ms. Phan Thi My Anh
     
DSM VINATOM
Mr. Viengthong Dr.Tran Chi Thanh
 Time: 36 months
(10/2018-10/2021) NDE/DSM
Mr. Souksavath
  NDE/VINATOM
Mr. Vu Tien Ha
 Budget (by  
1. Mr. Outhong (Interpreter)
 

  1. Mr. Dao Duy Dung

Vietnamese
2. Mr. Boun.yoy (electric) 2. Nguyen Xuan Thao
3. Mr. Khoungeun (engineering) 3. Mr. Dinh Chi Hung
4. Mr. Nadinhthong (engineering) 4. Mr. Tran Dang Manh

government):
5. Mr. Athilat (welding) 5. Mr. Nguyen Nhat Quang (Branch)
6. Mr.Bounxom (general physics) 6. Mr. Nguyen Duc Huyen
7. Mr. Sommeiy (general physics) 7. Mr. Nguyen Tien Phong

280.000 US$
8. Ms. Dao Thu Ha
9. Ms. Phung Thi Thu Nga
10. Ms. Dang Mai Anh
11. Ms. Dang Thu Hong

Makes a Decision Supports to DSM

Center for NDT & NT in DSM
(in Lao PDR)

1. NDT (traditional): RT, UT, MT, PT

2. Radiation and Nuclear Protection Safety:
- Evaluation (VN-Atomics Laws);
- Emergency Respond (VN- Circular 25/2014/Cir./ MOST
3. Nuclear techniques: XRF --- Au, Ag, Cu ; Using of Radiation
Sourses (n, gamma) => Density, Moisture
 IAEA-CAMBODIA-VIETNAM IN THE FUTURE

VIETNAM/VINATOM-NDE/activities…
Introduction & Training course
Set up facility (by IAEA & VN’s supports…)
Develop method & building resource
Training on job and co-operation project
…..
Thanks for your attention