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Module 2 - Part 4 - Caricature

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Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

Chapter 2
Content and Contextual Analysis of
Selected Primary Sources in Philippine
History
JUDITH P. ALINDAYO
INSTRUCTOR
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

4) SELECTED PHILIPPINE POLITICAL


CARICATURE ON ALFRED MCCOY’S
PHILIPPINE CARTOONS: POLITICAL
CARICATURE OF THE AMERICAN ERA
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

POLITICAL CARTOONS AND CARICATURE


• An art form which veered away from the classical art by exaggerating
human features and poking fun at its subjects.

• Part of the print media as a form of social and political commentary,


targets person’s of power and authority.

• Cartoons became an effective tool of publicizing opinions through


heavy use of symbolism, which is different from a verbose written
editorial and opinion pieces.
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

ALFRED MCCOY TOGETHER WITH ALFREDO ROCES

 Alfredo Rocess  Afred McCoy

 Compiled political cartoons published in newspaper


dailies and periodicals in the aforementioned time
period.
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

CARICATURE #1
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

CARICATURE #2
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

CARICATURE #3
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

CARICATURE #4
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

OTHERS

Uncle Sam rationing


porridge to the
politicians and
members of the
Progresista Party
(sometimes known as
the Federalista Party)
while members of the
Nationalista Party look
on and wait for their
turn. This cartoon
depicts the patronage of
the United states being
coveted by politicians
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL CARICATURES DURING THE AMERICAN


PERIOD

 The transition from the Spanish Colonial Period to the


American Occupation Period demonstrated different
strands of changes and shifts in culture, society, and
politics.

 The American drastically introduced democracy to the


nascent nation and the consequences were far from ideal.
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL CARICATURES DURING THE AMERICAN


PERIOD

 During the American Period that Filipinos were introduced to


different manifestations of modernity like healthcare, modern
transportation, and media. This ushered in a more open and
freer press.

 The post-independence and the post-Filipino-American


Period in the Philippines were experienced differently by
Filipinos coming from different classes.
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL CARICATURES DURING THE AMERICAN


PERIOD

 The upper principalia class experienced economic prosperity with the


opening up of the Philippine economy to the United States but the
majority of the poor Filipino remained poor, desperate, and victims of
state repression.

 The selected cartoons illustrate not only the opinion of certain media
outfits about the Philippine society during the American Period but
also paint a broad image of society and politics under the United
States.
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL CARICATURES DURING THE AMERICAN


PERIOD

 In the arena of politics, for example, we see the price that


Filipinos paid for the democracy modeled after the Americans.

 First, it seemed that the Filipino politicians at that time did not
understand well enough the essence of democracy and the
accompanying democratic institutions and processes. This can
be seen in the rising dynastic politics in Tondo as depicted in
the cartoon published by The Independent.
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL CARICATURES DURING THE AMERICAN


PERIOD

 Patronage also became influential and powerful, not only


between clients and patrons but also between the newly
formed political parties composed of the elite and the
United States. This was depicted in the cartoon where the
United States, represented by Uncle Sam, provided dole
outs for members of the Federalista while the Nationalista
politicians looked on and waited for their turn.
Chapter 2 Readings in Philippine History

ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL CARICATURES DURING THE AMERICAN


PERIOD

 Thus, the essence of competing political parties to


enforce choices among the voters was cancelled out.

 The problem continues up to the present where


politicians transfer from one party to another
depending on which party was powerful in specific
periods of time.

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