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Completely Randomized Design

This document discusses completely randomized design (CRD) in experiments. It defines CRD as assigning treatments completely at random so each experimental unit has an equal chance of receiving any treatment. Any differences among experimental units receiving the same treatment are considered experimental error. CRD is best for homogeneous experimental units where environmental effects can be controlled, like laboratories. It is rarely used for field experiments with large variation among plots. The document also outlines the randomization procedure, advantages like simplicity, and disadvantages like difficulty finding homogeneous units for field experiments. It describes using analysis of variance to test for differences between treatment groups.

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Jan Dave Deocampo
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94 views34 pages

Completely Randomized Design

This document discusses completely randomized design (CRD) in experiments. It defines CRD as assigning treatments completely at random so each experimental unit has an equal chance of receiving any treatment. Any differences among experimental units receiving the same treatment are considered experimental error. CRD is best for homogeneous experimental units where environmental effects can be controlled, like laboratories. It is rarely used for field experiments with large variation among plots. The document also outlines the randomization procedure, advantages like simplicity, and disadvantages like difficulty finding homogeneous units for field experiments. It describes using analysis of variance to test for differences between treatment groups.

Uploaded by

Jan Dave Deocampo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Completely Randomized

Design
By: Jan Dave E. Deocampo and Riza Joy Palomar
A completely randomized design (CRD) is one assigned completely at random so that each
experimental unit has the same chance of receiving any one treatment. For the CRD, any
difference among experimental units receiving the same treatment is considered as
experimental error. Hence, the CRD is only appropriate for experiments with homogeneous
experimental units, such as laboratory experiments, where environmental effects are relatively
easy to control. For field experiments, where there is generally large variation among
experimental plots, in such environmental factors as soil, the CRD is rarely used.
In experiments, a treatment is something that researchers administer to
experimental units. For example, a corn field is divided into four, each part is
'treated' with a different fertiliser to see which produces the most corn; a
teacher practices different teaching methods on different groups in her class to
see which yields the best results; a doctor treats a patient with a skin condition
with different creams to see which is most effective. Treatments are
administered to experimental units by 'level', where level implies amount or
magnitude. For example, if the experimental units were given 5mg, 10mg,
15mg of a medication, those amounts would be three levels of the treatment.
Randomization Procedure

-Treatments are assigned to experimental units completely


at random.
-Every experimental unit has the same probability of
receiving any treatment.
-Any difference among experimental units receiving the
same treatment is considered experimental ERROR
-Randomization is performed using a random number
table, computer, program, etc.
Advantages of a CRD

-Its layout is very easy.

-There is complete flexibility in this design i.e. any number of


treatments and replications for each treatment can be tried.

-Whole experimental material can be utilized in this design.

-This design yields maximum degrees of freedom for


experimental error.

-The analysis of data is simplest as compared to any other design.


Even if some values are missing the analysis can be done.
 Disadvantages of a CRD

-It is difficult to find homogeneous experimental units in


all respects and hence CRD is seldom suitable for field
experiments as compared to other experimental designs.

-It is less accurate than other designs.


Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) can be used to test hypothesis if there


are more than two treatment groups to determine if there are any
significant differences between any of the groups.
The samples must be of equal size, regularly distributed, randomly
chosen, and independent in order for ANOVA to be reliable. Each
population's variances are assumed to be the same in this example.
TEST FOR HOMOGENEITY OF VARIANCE
ANOVA for Any Number of Treatments with
Equal Replication
(TSS/Tdf)
(ESS/Edf) TMS/EMS)
THANK YOU!

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