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Unit 2 Lect 1 Program Structure

The document discusses the structure of a C program. It explains that a typical C program consists of six sections: preprocessor directives, comments, header files, functions, variable declarations, and code. It provides an example C program with a main function that uses printf to output "Hello, World!" and returns 0. The document describes each part of the example program and explains features of C like comments, header files, and the main function.

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Manav Jain
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38 views

Unit 2 Lect 1 Program Structure

The document discusses the structure of a C program. It explains that a typical C program consists of six sections: preprocessor directives, comments, header files, functions, variable declarations, and code. It provides an example C program with a main function that uses printf to output "Hello, World!" and returns 0. The document describes each part of the example program and explains features of C like comments, header files, and the main function.

Uploaded by

Manav Jain
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CAP 172

PROGRAMMING METHODOLOGY

UNIT- 2
LECTURE - 1
Recap Quiz
Q. _______ symbol denotes in flowchart, to
perform input and output operations.

a)Rectangle
b)Oval
c)Connector
d)Parallelogram
POLL

Q. The procedural oriented and object oriented


programming languages fall under ______

a)Declarative Programming
b)Imperative Programming
Today We will discuss:
• Programming Language

• C Program Structure

• Character Set
Programming language?
• Programming Language is
– A tool for instructing machines.
– A means of communicating between programmers.
– used to create programs that implement specific
algorithms.
• A programming language is a formal language which
comprises a set of instructions used to produce various kinds
of output.
About C
• C is a procedural programming language.
• It was initially developed by Dennis Ritchie
between 1969 and 1973.
• C language is case sensitive.
Features of C language
C Program Structure
A typical C program may be divided into six different sections
Sample Program
• Let us take a look at the various parts of the above program −
• The first line of the program #include <stdio.h> is a preprocessor command, which
tells a C compiler to include stdio.h file before going to actual compilation.
• The next line int main() is the main function where the program execution begins.
• The next line /*...*/ will be ignored by the compiler and it has been put to add
additional comments in the program. So such lines are called comments in the
program.
• The next line printf(...) is another function available in C which causes the
message "Hello, World!" to be displayed on the screen.
• The next line return 0; terminates the main() function and returns the value 0.
Structure of C program
Comments

• Two forward slashes ‘ // ’ (double forward


slashes), are used to write single line comment
• The next combination ‘ /*……..*/ ’ (forward slash
with asterisk) is used for commenting multiple
lines
• These comments are not being executed by
compiler
Header files
The next two lines are command for including header files

These two lines must be included in every C program


stdio.h: standard input output header file for
functions printf(),scanf(),... and so on
conio.h: console input output header file for
functions getch()…. and so on

Here ‘ # ‘ is called preprocessor directive


Function
main() as special function, execution starts from here
A program must have a single main() function

A program without main() function wont work


main() function will call other functions

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