ENGLISH 6 – 1 ST

QUARTER
AY. 2021-2022
 Learning Objectives:
UNIT 1 Tracing Our Roots
Lesson 1: Folk Speeches– Simplest Rules
Reading: Riddles, Proverbs and Saying, Quatrains and Tanaga
Vocabulary: Slang Words and Expression
Root Words and Affixes
Listening: Short Poems: Tanaga/Quatrains
Voice Volume and Projection
Speaking: Vowels Sounds; Volume and Projection
Pitch and Stress
Viewing: Slides: Folk Speeches
Language: Subject-Verb Agreement
Writing: Spoken vs. Written Language
Tanaga or Quatrains; Rhyme Scheme
 ACT-OUT THE SCENE BELOW
Speaker 1: Hello! May I speak to Mr. Jones please?
Speaker 2: Hello, hold on please, I get you through.
Speaker 1: Thank you.
Speaker 2: Sorry, his line is engaged. Can you call again later?
Speaker 1: No sorry I can't. Can you leave him a message?
Speaker 2: Yes, of course.
Speaker 1: Tell him I was glad to meet him and I'll come back as
soon as possible.
Speaker 2: All right, he'll be glad to hear about that. Bye!
 ACT-OUT THE SCENE BELOW
SCENE 2
Jay: Hey man, what’s up?
Andrew: Not much, I’m just seeing what you’re up to tonight.
Jay: I was kind of planning on just staying in and chillin' at my place. You
can swing by if you want.
Andrew: I was thinking of going somewhere for a drink. I’ve been cooped
up in the office all week and I need to let loose a bit. Would you be up for
that?
Jay: I don’t know man, I’m pretty beat. I’ll let you know later if I get a
second wind.
Andrew: Ok, cool. Later.
Jay: Later.
 A. B.

“Style in language is like style in dress: the words mut be suited to the time, place,
and person. In other words, you should use the expression that is acceptable.”
SLANG
- Is a style of language that is
informal and is not
considered part of the
standard language.

Usually, slang is used

by members of some
limited group–
teenagers, etchnic
groups, or
professionals.
Examples of Slang:
“frenemy” - describes a person who is a
little bit of both, perhaps a friend with whom
one experiences regular conflict.

Sample sentence:
You’d be a lot happier if you stopped
hanging out with your frenemy.
Examples of Slang:
“bromance” - describes an intense
friendship between two straight men.

Sample sentence:
I haven’t seen Michael since he started
hanging out with Jeremy. Their bromance is
epic.
Examples of Slang:
“bae” - A term of endearment, usually for
romantic partners, but possibly for close
friends as well.

Sample sentence:
Bae, you’re the best.
Examples of Slang:

“goat” - an acronym that stands for

“greatest of all time.”

Sample sentence:
I don’t care what you say, because Tom
Brady is the goat.
Seatwork #2 [Reading]
A. The sentences below contain examples of slang. Choose the slang word or
expression in each sentence.
1. A relative from abroad gave me some green bucks.
2. He got new red wheels.
3. There are many young men in our neighborhood.
4. Howdy?
5. What’s up, Freddie?
6. How is it going?
7. My friends are awesome.
8. I regret seeing this movie; it sucks.
9. My little sister is adorable, but sometimes she is a pain in the neck.
10. Gotta go! See ya.
Homework: [Reading]
B. Figure out each slang word or expression [the answer] that
match the definition in the box below.

Car annoying
Money How are you?
Handsome I don’t like it.
Goodbye Hello
See you later Great!
LANGUAGE WORKSHOP:
SUBJECT-VERB
AGREEMENT
SUBJECT - the person,
place, or thing that is
performing the action of
the sentence.
VERB - the action
words in a sentence that
describe what the
subject is doing.
Subject-Verb Agreement
• The subject and verb in a sentence
MUST AGREE in number.
- number refers to whether the subject is
singular or plural.
- if the subject is SINGULAR, the verb
must be SINGULAR.
- if the subject is PLURAL, the verb must
be PLURAL.
Example:
One of my books is missing.
Subject-Verb Agreement
• Phrases beginning with the words with,
together with, including, as well as, along
with, and in addition to are NOT part of the
subject.

Examples:
Danny, together with his family, has left the
country.

Running is healthy as well as making you feel

good.
Seatwork #1 [Language]
a. Choose the verb that agrees with the subject.
Example: One of the students (has, have) left.
1. She (steps, step) down from the cart with a quick, delicate poise.
2. The young girls (looks, look) up with smiles.
3. Her nails (has, have) been long but not painted.
4. He (has, have) heard so much about her.
5. Our pet (swallows, swallow) my ping pong ball.
6. The stories I read in this book (is, are) all full of lessons.
7. One of the main characters in the story (is, are) not at all important.
8. The nurses at Dr. De Leon’s clinic always (seems, seem) pleasant.
9. Each of my brothers (wants, want) to enroll in a driving school.
10. All the windows on the fourth floor (was, were) locked.
11. The secretary, as well as the eleven teachers, (leaves, leave) this Friday.
12. The students in our school (is, are) not allowed to bring mobile phones.
13. Leon, with his two friends, (is, are) playing football.
14. Neither of the contestants (wishes, wish) to lose.
15. A plate of sandwiches (is, are) served to the guest.
Seatwork #2 [Language]
B. Cross out each incorrect verb and write the correct form above it
in the following paragraph.

The people of Mountain Province is the epic singers par

excellence of Luzon. This are so because of conditions which until
recent times has favored the continuation of old traditions and
customs. These people has lived sedentary ways of existence
possibly for millennia and has permanent settlements and a social
organization grounded on customary law. They raises enough food
on terraces and mountainsides to permit them leisure time for
artistic expressions. The most primitive groups, the Negritos and the
Ilongots for instance, occupies themselves most of the time in food
hunting and food gathering.
 Writing A Quatrain or a Tanaga
Writing Workshop

Get Started
Choose a subject for your poem. What is a quatrain?
A quatrain is a stanza with
Think of topics, such as nature or four lines and a rhyme scheme.
emotion. Note, however, that
you’re free to write anything that’s
true for you.
 Writing A Quatrain or a Tanaga
Writing Workshop

Get Started nature

Choose a subject for your poem. love
Think of topics, such as nature or
emotion. Note, however, that emotion
you’re free to write anything that’s
true for you.
 Writing A Quatrain or a Tanaga
Writing Workshop

Draft
Write the first line—the base of your poem. It doesn’t have
to rhyme with anything yet. Then, start writing a line or two
around it.
1. Choose a rhyme scheme. Check the examples of poems in
the patterns AABB, ABAB, ABBA, or ABCB.
 Writing A Quatrain or a Tanaga
Writing Workshop

Example Rhyme Scheme

A precious pearl, held in my hand A Thank you for love, A
Her lips were then, mine to command A Thank you for light: B
She was a woman not a girl B Grace from above, A
Held in my hand, a precious girl B Spirit moves sight. B

The worried efforts of the busy heap, A This is my world of course A

The dirt, the imprecision, and the beer B From all over nature sings B
Produce a few smart wisecracks every year; B Pleasing my heeding ears C
Laugh if you can, but you will have to leap. A To my heart jot it brings B
 Writing A Quatrain or a Tanaga
Writing Workshop

Draft
2. Use a rhyming dictionary or thesaurus, if you get stuck on
rhymes.
 Writing A Quatrain or a Tanaga
Writing Workshop

Check and Revise

1. First, read your quatrain aloud to check if it flows naturally. You
may change the amount of syllables in each line or choose different
words in order to have the best possible quatrain.
2. Proof read to check for any errors in spelling, grammar, and
punctuation before sharing with your friends and classmates.
 Learning Objectives:
UNIT 1 Tracing Our Roots
Lesson 2: Folk Songs– Oldest Crazes
Reading: Kalusan, Tabe Nona, Hele or Oyayi, Dandansoy,
Dung-aw, Bari-bari
Vocabulary: Colloquialism; Root Words and Affixes
Listening: Folk Songs: Leron, Leron Sinta and Planting Rice
Speaking: Diphthongs: [eI], [aI], [oI], [aU], [oU]; Pitch,
Emphasis, and Intonation
Viewing: Video Documentary:Signs and Symbols
Language: Subject-Verb Agreement on Compound Subjects
Writing: Literary vs. Academic Writing
Expository Paragraph
Are you familiar with the songs below?
Folk Songs
One of the oldest forms of Philippine
literature, passed on by word of mouth
through generations. They express the
faith, joy, varied hopes, and oddities of
life.

They are
spontaneous
outburst of the lyric
feeling from the
soul of the people.
The chart below shows the distinguishing
features of Philippine folk songs.

Subject Matter Daily life and environment–

nature, occupations, love,
tenderness, marriage, religion,
war, home, lullabies, etc.
Classification Street songs, work songs, game
songs, victory songs, lullabies,
love songs, ritual and religious
songs
Purpose To express experiences and
feelings, hopes and aspirations,
lifestyle and traditions.

Style Sung with musical instruments

(percussive and stringed
varieties)or with chanting
manner
 Filipino Folk Songs

Kalusan (Batanes Rowing Song)

Tabe Nona (Jolo Parting Song)

Hele or Oyayi (Tagalog Lullaby)

Dandansoy (Visayan Farewell Song)

Dung-aw (Ilocano Death Chant)

SEATWORK: READING SKILLS
B. Share one folk song that you know or one that interests you. Tell something
about it as you consider the following questions:

1. As a group, discuss the following:

a. What is the folk song all about? In which Philippine tribal group does this
song belong?
b. Who is the subject or character involved in the following?
c. What does this song tell about the people or tribal group?
d. Has the tribal groups’ culture been preserved or has changed by the
people?
e. How can you help preserve Filipino culture and traditions?
Colloquialism
Like a slang, it is an
informal language.

Colloquial is
considered part of the
standard. It may add
“humor” and “color”
to your language.
 Common Examples of
Colloquialism in Everyday
Speech

•I’m fixin’ to go to the park.

•Ope, I didn’t mean to bump into you.
•Do you see that owl over yonder?
•My friend is wicked smart.
•Am I excited for the party? You betcha!
•If you’re thirsty, get you some water.
•Does she live in New York City? No, she
lives upstate.
•We have an extra freezer down cellar.
•I’m from Los Angeles, and a SoCal girl.
•Can you get some milk from the ice box?
Examples of Colloquialism for
Everyday Items
•pop (soft drink, Coca-Cola)
•buggy (shopping cart)
•queue (line of people)
•nappies (diapers)
•sweeper (vacuum)
•hot-dish (casserole)
•klick (kilometer)
•runners (sneakers, running shoes)
•jimmies (sprinkles)
•crick (creek)
•bubbler (water fountain)
•lift (elevator)
•clicker (remote control)
Examples of Colloquialism for
Everyday Items
•pop (soft drink, Coca-Cola)
•buggy (shopping cart)
•queue (line of people)
•nappies (diapers)
•sweeper (vacuum)
•hot-dish (casserole)
•klick (kilometer)
•runners (sneakers, running shoes)
•jimmies (sprinkles)
•crick (creek)
•bubbler (water fountain)
•lift (elevator)
•clicker (remote control)
SEATWORK: LANGUAGE SKILLS
A. The following sets of sentences contain colloquialism. Circle every colloquial word
or expression that you find.
1. I ain’t interested in joining the audition.
2. She’s gonna call you tomorrow.
3. They wanna go home early.
4. You gotta go now.
5. She’s very prim and proper about everything.
6. The rules are hard and fast; I can’t follow them.
7. He’s been running to and fro all day.
8. She’s been sick and tired of her boss. I think she’s looking for a new job.
9. I need to learn the ins and outs of my father’s business.
10. We just had odds and ends for dinner.
Diphthongs
Are two vowel sounds
pronounced as one
syllable.

The two most common

diphthongs in the English
language are the
letter combination
“oy”/“oi”, as in “boy” or
“coin”, and “ow”/ “ou”,
as in “cloud” or “cow”.
Examples
 Examples of Diphthongs
Phrases:
[eI] as in BAIT[aI] as in BOY
Waiting shade noisy oyster
Dangerous break moist soil
Fateful dayenjoying voyage

[aI] as in BITE [au] as in BOUT

Ninety diners scowling prowlers
Twilight time grouchy scoundrel
Right height right height
[ou] as in BOAT
don’t go
stone throw
hole in your coat
 Examples of Diphthongs
Sentences:
• There’s a mosaic waiting shade
in that place.
• Ninety diners arrived right on
time.
• Her home is just a stone’s throw
away.
• A noisy noise annoys an oyster.
SEATWORK: LANGUAGE SKILLS
Practice the diphthongs in the following passage. Underline 5
words with different diphthong sounds. Then, practice reading
the passage for oral reading.

Rosie baked a cake yesterday morning. Her nine friends each

ate a piece with some slices of cheese. They said it is the best
cake they have ever tasted. Later that evening, each brought
some baking powder, evaporated milk, a little oil, and some
eggs and cheese. They begged Rosie to bake some more of
that delicious cake.
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
[Compound Subject]
We always remember the rule: a
singular subject takes a singular
verb and a plural subject takes a
plural verb.

Although matching
subjects and verbs
sounds easy, sometimes
it can be confusing. One
common source of
confusion is a
compound subject.
 Subject-Verb Agreement

• A compound subject has two

or more subjects joined by a
conjunction and or or [both…
and, either… or, neither… nor].
• Compound subjects may take
either a singular or a plural verb,
depending on the conjunction
joining them.
 Subject-Verb Agreement
• Compound subjects combined
by and take a plural verb.

Examples:
The bowls and the spoons are in
the cupboard.
Pens and bookmarks were given
away.
SEATWORK: LANGUAGE SKILLS
A. Underline the verb that agrees with the subject.
1. Mother and father {expects, expect} my brother and his wife.
2. The crew members and the pilot {was, were} not injured.
3. A teacher and two parents {rides, ride} on each bus.
4. My grandparents and my uncle {drives, drive} me to school this weekend.
5. The officer and his bodyguard {takes, take} a taxi.
6. Math and Science {is, are} Alfredo’s favorite subjects.
7. Rest and fruit juices {is, are} good for anyone who has the flu.
8. Both Susan and I {commutes, commute} every day.
9. The film and the negatives {was, were} damaged.
10. {Is, are} Chris and Angelo watching the reality show on television?
11. {Do, Does} the president and his vice president meet each day?
12. Ana and Norma {love, loves} being on the Treasure Hunt Club.
13. {Has, Have} you and she chosen courses in college?
14. In their jobs, lawyers and politicians {debate, debates} many issues.
 Subject-Verb Agreement
• Compound subjects that are
considered as a single unit
take a singular verb.
Examples:
Bread and butter is my favorite
snack.
All King’s Men by Robert Warren
is a good book.
SEATWORK: LANGUAGE SKILLS
B. Underline the verb that agrees with the subject.1.

1. The principal and teacher{has, have} joined the regional meeting.

2. His father and mentor {is, are} a known politician.
3. The department and grocery {has, have} complete household items.
4. Our pet and best friend {was, were} Shaggy.
5. The restaurant’s chef and owner {make, makes} good paella.
6. Their community and hometown {lies, lie} near the South China Sea.
7. Fish and chips {is, are} popular dish in his country, wrapped in wax
paper.
 Subject-Verb Agreement
• When singular subjects are
joined by or or nor, use a
singular verb.
Examples:
Neither the manager nor the
assistant was present.
Either the teacher or the principal
will approve your request.
 Subject-Verb Agreement
• When the parts of a
compound subject are joined
by or or nor, the verb agrees
with the subject near it.
Examples:
Neither Luther nor his friends
were here.
Either the cats or the dog has
drunk the water.
 WRITING SECTION:
EXPOSITORY PARAGRAPH

Paragraph is about one

main idea.

How is a paragraph
likened to a sandwich? A
sandwich contains several
parts that work together to
form one taste. A
paragraph has also parts
that work together to form
one idea.
What is an expository paragraph?
- Expository (or informative) writing
explores, shares, explains, or defines a
specific subject or idea.
Example:
Advances in science and technology have made the use of "green"
energy possible. In places where climate conditions permit, people
are able to use solar energy or wind energy for power. Solar energy
is the use of sunlight for energy and power. Humans are able to
harness the energy of the sun by installing solar panels on their
homes or businesses. Humans have also found ways to harness the
power of the wind by using wind turbines to capture wind energy.
Both of these forms of "green" energy are being used more and
more.
Study the sample paragraph below. (1.) Underline
the topic sentence that contains the main idea. (2.)
Number out the sentences or details that support the
topic sentence. (3.) Circle the sentence that restates
the topic sentence.

The early Filipinos had songs of great variety. Each tribe or

group of people has their own songs so that many of the
folk songs are also tribal songs. There are different types
that are either sung or chanted in every occasion. There are
cycle songs, work and activity songs, ritual and religious
songs, battle songs, love songs, street songs, and
miscellaneous songs. These early songs make the Philippine
literature richer.
Folk songs are literally songs of the people.
They show us glimpse of the culture of
people at a particular time and place.

In this workshop, you will compose a

simple paragraph that explains the insight
you gained from learning folk songs.
Get Started:
Your paragraph must center on the
topic sentences below. Choose one.

• Culture is reflected in our folk songs.

• Philippine folk songs vary in style.
• Folk songs are still relevant today.
 Learning Objectives:
UNIT 2 Appreciating Our Past
Lesson 3: Folk Narratives– Echoes and Ethos
Reading: How Ilang-Ilang Got Its Name (Quezon
Myth)
The Boastful Turtle (Tagalog Legend)
The Blind Man and the Hunchback (Tagalog
Folktale)
Reading/Thinkin Previewing; Recall; Review; Analysis;
g Strategies: Inference; Evaluation; Prediction;
Application; Comparison and Contrast
Literary Focus: Plot; Character; Setting; Conflict; Theme;
Tone and Mood; Author’s Purpose
Are you familiar with the stories below?
 Understanding Philippine
Folk Narratives
Folk Tales include myths,
folktales, fables and legends.

These are stories from the

remote past handed down
by word of mouth from
one generation to the next,
reflecting the people’s
tradition, feelings, beliefs,
and judgments.
Myths
- are stories that explain about
actions of the gods, exploits of
heroes, or the elements of nature’s
origins.
Folktales
- are about the origins of the world. They are
not factual but are told for entertainment. The
characters in folktales are ordinary humans or
animals that act like humans. Often, the humans
are peasants or people of lower class who have
better values than the rich and powerful.
Fables
- are short stories that have animal characters.
They intend to teach lessons or moral values,
which are usually stated at the end of the fable. The
story of “The Monkey and the Turtle” is a fable that
highlights a lesson on greed and its harms.
Legends
- are widely told stories about the past. They are
considered factual by those who tell them, and many
have some basis in historical fact. Legends often
include elements of magic and the supernatural.
 Using Idioms
Idioms are expressions that
have meanings different
from what they actually say.

In the folk narratives,

you encountered the
idioms, fly off, which
means to leave in a
hurry and come upon,
which means to
discover.
IDIOMS AND EXAMPLES
- Idioms like fly off and come upon are called
phrasal verbs (verbs + preposition). Without the
preposition, a single verb can have one more meanings
depending on the preposition that comes after it.

Examples and meanings:

Bring up (children) – raise from childhood to adulthood
Clock in – register one’s arrival at a workplace
Come back – return to where you are at the moment of
speaking
Come from – originate from
Get away – escape
Examples and meanings:
Go back – return to where you were previously
Go through – to experience something, usually an unpleasant ordeal
Get to (do something) – have the opportunity
Get out of – leave/escape from
Get over – recover
Lay off (the booze) – not drink alcohol anymore
Left over – remained
Let down – disappoint (let someone down)
Live up to – be able to satisfy the expectations others have of you
Look up to – admire and respect
Make out (to be) – if you make out to be someone, you portray
yourself as
someone who you really are not
Pop round – pay a quick visit to someone from a nearby location
Pull in – request to go to a superior's office to explain yourself for
something you did or didn't do that was wrong
 Learning Objectives:
UNIT 2 Appreciating Our Past
Lesson 4: Folk Epics – Champion’s Exploits
Reading: Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocano Epic)
The Story of Aliguyon (Ifugao Epic)
Ibalon (Bicolano Epic)
Vocabulary More Idiomatic Words and Expressions
Speaking Blends and Glides: [w], [hw], [j]
Speech Rhythm: Pitch, Stress, Intonation
Juncture, Rate of Speech Signals
Viewing Documentary: Features of Philippine Epics
Language Subject-Verb Agreement on Other Parts of
Speech
Writing Persuasive Paragraph
 A Survey on Philippine Folk
Epics
Folk epics are among the
outstanding forms of Philippine’s
precolonial literature.

Epics are long

narrative poems,
based on oral tradition.
They tell about heroic
exploits or events of a
hero under
supernatural control.
Folk Epics are described as:
• Poetic narratives of sustained or of
certain length
• Based on oral tradition
• Focusing on supernatural events or
heroic persons or deeds either sung or
chanted
• Serious in purpose
• Projecting and supporting the beliefs,
customs, ideals, or life-values of a
people or tribe.
Most famous epics in the Philippines:
• Biag ni Lam-ang (Ilocos)
• Ibalon (Bicol)
• Hudhud at Alim (Ifugao)
• Hinilawod (Panay)
• Tuwaang (Manuvu)
• Darangan (Muslim)
• Darangan (Maranaw)
• Parang Sabil (Tausug)
Story Maps
- Are graphic representations of the story’s
setting, characters, conflict, plot, and
sequence of events.
 Applying Subject-Verb Agreement to Other
Parts of Speech

- The pronouns he, she, and it are used with

the verb does. All other personal pronouns
are used with do.
It does seem like Sunday today.
She does hate spiders.
He doesn’t know the answer.
I do like melons.
You do like carrots.
They don’t perform well.
 Applying Subject-Verb Agreement to Other
Parts of Speech

- In the sentences beginning with here, there,

and where, the subject comes after the verb.

Here is your brother.

There is the gate.
Here are your things.
Where are the girls.
 Conclusion
Provide a brief summary of your presentation.
Remind the audience what you covered in the previous slides.