Symbolic Interactionism

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SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM

THE SYMBOLIC INTERACTION


PERSPECTIVE

 It is a major framework of sociological theory. This


perspective relies on the symbolic meaning that people
develop and rely upon the in the process of social interaction.
 Symbol: anything that meaningfully represents
something else.

For example: signs, gestures, written languages and shared


values.
 The approach that focuses on the interactions among people
based on mutually understood symbols
 Symbols are used to in a way for people to attach meaning to
WHAT IS their life
SYMBOLIC
INTERACTIONIS
M?
 It is the ability to use symbols with common social meanings

MIND  Interaction with others is limited until people learn


language
 Language depends on symbols that evoke the same
meaning
 Self is the ability to reflect on one’s self from the perspective
of others
 Looking-glass self

* ability to see ourselves how people imagine that


others see us and the feelings that result

SELF  Pygmalion effect

* living up or down to another's expectations to others

 Two dimensions of self (“I ” and “Me”)

* I = Subject; acting self


*Me = Object; observing self
SOCIETY  Society is the web of social relationships that humans create
 Generalized Other

* The attitude or viewpoint of the larger group


 George Herbert Mead was the social psychologist who
founded this theory
 Early 20th Century
 Social psychologist and philosopher
HISTORY  He believed that communication was the most

BEHIND important factor in the “social development of


humans” (Alver )
THE
THEORY  Herbert Blumer
 1973
 Connected this concept to sociology and
social psychology
 Named it “symbolic interactionism”
THE THREE BASIC PREMISES

Herbert Blumber (1969) set out three basic premises of the perspective:
 “Humans act toward things on the basis of the meanings they ascribe to those things.”

 “The meaning of such things is derived from, or arises out of, the social interaction that one has with
others and the society.”
 “These meanings are handled in, and modified through an interpretative process used by the person in
dealing with the things he/she encounters.”
HOW IS SOCIETY AFFECTED BY
SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM

 Symbolic Interactionism is key to human


communication
 Is used in all aspects in work, at school, and even in
personal situations and relationships
 Your boss at work
 Television: movies have symbols that ultimately
influence society’s meanings

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