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Farming System

Farming systems can be defined in three sentences: A farming system is an integrated set of activities that farmers perform to maximize productivity and income sustainably. It involves selecting appropriate crop-livestock enterprises and efficiently allocating resources. The goal is to meet farm livelihood needs while preserving environmental quality.

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689 views28 pages

Farming System

Farming systems can be defined in three sentences: A farming system is an integrated set of activities that farmers perform to maximize productivity and income sustainably. It involves selecting appropriate crop-livestock enterprises and efficiently allocating resources. The goal is to meet farm livelihood needs while preserving environmental quality.

Uploaded by

Yza Yzabelle
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FARMING SYSTEMS

DEFINITION OF FARMING SYSTEM


Farming System -is defined as a population of
individual farm systems that have broadly similar
resource bases, enterprise patterns, household
livelihoods and constraints, and with similar
development strategies and interventions.

Farming System -is an appropriate mix of farm


enterprises and the means available to the farmers
to raise them for profitability.
Farming System- is a resource management
strategy to achieve economic and sustained
agricultural production to meet diverse requirements
of farm livelihood while preserving resource base
and maintaining a high level of environment quality
(Lal and Miller 1990).

Farming System -It is a mix of farm enterprises


to which farm families allocate its resources in order
to efficiently utilize the existing enterprises for
increasing increasing the productivity and
profitability of the farm. These farm enterprises are
crop, livestock, aquaculture, agro forestry and agri-
horticulture (Sharma et al 1991).
IMPORTANCE AND
ADVANTAGES OF FARMING
SYSTEM
• Profitability
• Productivity
• Potentiality and sustainability
• Adoption new technologies
• Environmental Safety
• Saving Energy
• Employment Generation
FARMING SYSTEM
CONCEPT
◼Farming System Concept
◼ Farming system is conceptually an integrated set
of activities that farmers perform in their farms
under their resources and circumstances to
maximize the productivity and net farm income
on a sustainable basis.
◼ The farming system takes into account the
components of soil, water, crops, livestock, labor,
capital, energy and other resources, with the farm
family at the center in managing agriculture and
related activities.
POULTRY NUTRIENT
PRODUCTION CYCLING

INTEGRATED
CROP-POULTRY
FARMING
SYSTEM
FORAGE CROPS

CROP RESIDUES
A farm can be viewed as a system with INPUTS, PROCESSES,
OUTPUTS and FEEDBACK such as;

◼Arrangement of recycling products/ by-products of one


component as input to another linked component
◼Reduction in cost of production
◼Increase in productivity per unit area per unit time
◼Increase in total income of farm
◼Effective utilization of family labors around the year
OBJECTIVES OF FARMING
SYSTEM
Objectives of Farming System
Identify the existing farming system in specific areas
and access their relative viability.

Formulate farming system model involving the main


and allied enterprises for different farming situations.

Ensure optional utilization and conservation of


available resources and effective recycling of farm
residues within the system.
Maintain a sustainable production system without
damaging resources or environment.

Provide a steady and stable income rejuvenation or


amelioration of the system’s productivity.

Achieve agro-ecological equilibrium through the


reduction in the build-up of pests and diseases,
through natural cropping system management and
the reduction in the use of chemicals (inorganic
fertilizers and pesticides).
 
PRINCIPLES OF FARMING
SYSTEM
a. Cyclic. The farming system is essentially cyclic (organic resources-
livestock-land- crops). Therefore, management decisions livestock land
crops related to one component may affect the others.

b. Rational. Using crop residues more rationally is an important route out of


poverty. For resource-poor farmers, the correct management of crop
residues, together with an optimal allocation of scarce resources, leads to
sustainable production.

c. Ecologically Sustainable. Combining ecological sustainability and


economic viability, the integrated livestock-farming system maintains and
improves agricultural productivity while reducing the negative
environmental impacts.
DEFINITION OF FARMING
SYSTEM APPROACH
Farming System Approach

-can be defined as a holistic approach, complex


in nature, interrelated of components, matrix of
soils, plants, animals, power, implements,
labor, capital and other inputs, influenced by
political, economic, institutional and social
forces.
Farming System Approach as follows is an
academic activity comprising of theory, concepts,
principles, approaches etc. It creates an
opportunity for developing diversified models for
different type of farmers and different category of
farmers (Simmonds in 1984).

Farming system approach requires commonly


homogenous type of farmers.
TOPIC 2: CHARACTERISTICS
OF FARMING SYSTEM
APPROACH
1.It is an inter-disciplinary approach.

2. It is an approach for developing farm-


household systems, built on the principles
of productivity, profitability, stability and
sustainability.

3. Components are complimentary and


supplementary to each other
4. Involves the participation of rural communities.

5. It emphasizes the understanding of farm household,


community inter linkages, reviews constraints and assesses
potentials and it combines improvements desired from
better technology.

6. It needs efficient support services and requires better


policies.

7. It is a continuous, dynamic and interactive learning


process based on analysis, planning, testing, monitoring
and evaluation.
TYPES OF FARMING SYSTEM

a.Intensive Farming System. It


involves the growing of crops and
raising of livestock on small pieces of
land for maximum yields and requires
high capital, and high labor investment.
In this system mechanization is
practiced.
b. Extensive Farming System. It involves the
commercial production of large quantities of
crops and livestock on large farm using low
investment. Common in marginal areas.
Small Scale Farming. It involves growing of crops
and rearing of animals on small piece of land.

Large Scale Farming. It involves the commercial


production of large quantities of crops
and livestock on large farm. The land size was
usually above 20 hectares.
VITAMINS AND
MINERALS
Vitamins
Are organic nutrient required in small
quantities necessary for regulating
metabolic processes, but does not become
an actual component of the body structures
Water-soluble vitamins
a. Vitamin B1- Thiamine
b. Vitamin B2- Riboflavin
c. Niacin- Nicotinamide
d. Vitamin B6- Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal and
Pyridoxamine
e. Pantothenate- Pantothenic acid
f. Vitamin B7- Biotin
g. Folacin- Folic acid or Pteryglutamic
acid
h. Choline
i. Vitamin B12- Cyanocobalamine,
cobalamine
j. Vitamin C- Ascorbic acid
k. Para-amino benzoic acid (an
essential group of folic acid)
l. Inositol- vitamins of the B group
Minerals
It represents the inorganic nutrient
required by an animal. A number of
mineral elements are found in the
animal’s body.
FUNCTIONS:
Active part of the structure of the body

Plays an important role in some enzymes, hormones


or other such compound
CALCIFEROL

TOCOPHEROL

MENADIONE
. Macro minerals- it is needed in large amount;
requirement is expressed as percentage of the diet.
a. Calcium (Ca)-
b. Phosphorus (P)-
c. Sodium (Na), Chlorine (Cl) and Potassium (K)- d.
Magnesium (Mg)-
e. Sulfur (S)- a composed of amino acids methionine
and cystine.
. Microminerals- are minerals needed small amounts;
requirement is expressed in parts per million or parts
per billion.
a. Cobalt (Co)
b. Iron(Fe)
c. Copper (Cu)
d. Iodine(I)
e. Manganese(Mn)
f. Molybdenum (Mo)
g. Selenium (Se)-
h. Zinc (Zn)-
i. Flourine (Fl)
j. Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr)
 

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