Review of Radicals

Radical Notation for a1/n

If a is a real number, n is a positive integer, and a1/n is
a real number, then
n
a a 1/ n
.
 Review of Radicals

In the expression n
a

n
is called a radical sign,

a is called the radicand,

n is called the index.

 Evaluating Roots

Example Evaluate each root.

(a) 4 16 (b) 5
32

Solution

(a) 4
16  161/ 4  (2 4 )1/ 4  2

(b) 5
32  [(2)5 ]1/ 5  2
 Review of Radicals

Radical Notation for am/n

If a is a real number, m is an integer, n is a positive
integer, and n a is a real number, then

 a
m
a m/n
 n
 a .
n m
 Converting from Rational Exponents to
Radicals
Example Write in radical form and simplify.

(a) 8 2/3
(b) (32)
(c)
4/5
3x 2 / 3

Solution

 
2
(a) 8 2/3
 3
8  22  4

(b) (32)   
4
4/5 5
32  (2) 4  16

(c) 3 x 2/3
3 x 3 2
 Converting from Radicals to Rational
Exponents
Example Write in exponential form.

 
2
(a) x 4 5
(b)
( x  0) 10(c) z
5
5 3 (2 x 4 )7

Solution

(a) (b)
 
2
4
x x5 5/ 4
( x  0) 10 5
z  10 z 2 / 5
(c)

5 3 (2 x 4 )7  5(2 x 4 ) 7 / 3  5  27 / 3 x 28 / 3
Simplify: 45
9 5
3 5
Simplify: 49 x
49  x
7 x
Simplify: 52t
4  13t
2 13t
 12
Simplify: x
x  6 2

6
x
 88
Simplify: y
44
y
 x  x x
13 12 1
Simplify:

6
x x
 27
Simplify: x
x  x
26

13
x x
 8
Simplify: 36x
4
6x
 10
Simplify: 49 y
5
7y
 6
Simplify: 45x

9x  5
6

3
3x 5
 7
Simplify: 50 y

25 y  2 y
6

3
5y 2y
 9
Simplify: 48y
 

 
 16
Simplify: 80 y
16 y  5 16

8
4y 5
 3
Simplify: 36x
6x x
   
   
 Rationalizing Denominators

The process of simplifying a radical

expression so that no denominator
contains a radical is called
rationalizing the denominator.

Rationalizing the denominator is

accomplished by multiplying by a
suitable form of 1.
 Rationalizing Denominators

Example Rationalize each denominator.

4 2
(a) (b) 3
( x  0)
3
Solution x

(a) 4 4 3 4 3
  
3 3 3 3
(b) 2 2 3
x2 2 3 x2 2 3 x2
3  
3
x x 3
x2 3
x3 x
 Rationalizing a Binomial Denominator

Example Rationalize the denominator of

1
1 2
Solution

1


1 1 2

1 2  1  2
1 2 
1 2 1 2  1 2 
 Reinforcement Exercises
Simplifying Radical Expressions
July 03, 2017
 

1. x x x
8 5 3

2. y y yy
11 9 3

3. n n n
-5 10 8

4. (-9x y )(-8x y)
5 2 4

5. (4x )5 3

6. (10y) 3

7. (7xy) 3
1. Identify and describe the parts of a
radical expression
2. Find the roots of a number
3. Evaluate radical expressions with
perfect n power
th
Squares
•Square of a number: “Squaring” a number
means to raise a number to the second power.
Example:
4² = 4 · 4 = 16
9² = 9 · 9 = 81
16² = 16 · 16 = 256
 Square Number
Also called a “perfect square”
A number that is the square of a whole
number
Can be represented by arranging objects
in a square.
Square Numbers
Square Numbers
1x1=1
2x2=4
3x3=9
4 x 4 = 16
Square Numbers
1x1=1
2x2=4
3x3=9
4 x 4 = 16
Activity:
Calculate the perfect
squares up to 152…
Square Numbers
1x1=1
2x2=4
3x3=9
4 x 4 = 16
Activity:
Calculate the perfect
squares up to 152…
Square Numbers
1x1=1  9 x 9 = 81
2x2=4  10 x 10 = 100
3x3=9  11 x 11 = 121
4 x 4 = 16  12 x 12 = 144
5 x 5 = 25  13 x 13 = 169
6 x 6 = 36  14 x 14 = 196
7 x 7 = 49  15 x 15 = 225
8 x 8 = 64
Activity:
Identify the following numbers as perfect
squares or not.
i. 16
ii. 15
iii. 146
iv. 300
v. 324
vi. 729
Activity:
Identify the following numbers as perfect
squares or not.
i. 16 = 4 x 4
ii. 15
iii. 146
iv. 300
v. 324 = 18 x 18
vi. 729 = 27 x 27
Square Root
A number which, when multiplied by
itself, results in another number.

Ex: 5 is the square root of 25.

 
5 =
Square Root

49 = ?
Square Root

49 = 7
Square Root

27 = ?
Example 2. Simplify each.
 

a.
 Seatwork 1.2
Answer Written
Math (B, 7 – 12)
on page 190.
Example. Evaluate.
a. 36 ½

b. (-64) 1/3
Example. Evaluate.
c. 100
 
-½
 Seatwork 1.3
Answer Written
Math (D, 19 – 24)
on page 190.
 Homework 1.3
Answer Written
Math (E, 25 – 28)
on page 190.
Example. Simplify.
a.
 

b.
Example. Simplify.
a.
 
 Seatwork 1.4
Answer Written
Math (8 – 12) on
page 196.