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Understanding Sources: 03 September 2021 HIST101 Sections 2BAM-A, 2BAM-B and 1PSY-B

This document discusses the importance of primary and secondary sources in the study of history. It begins by outlining the learning outcomes, which are to identify the differences between primary and secondary sources, enumerate materials that are considered primary sources, and evaluate sources in terms of authenticity, credibility, and provenance. It then defines primary sources as materials created by people directly involved in the event being studied, such as eyewitness accounts, diaries, letters, and official documents. Formal examples of primary sources include photographs, sketches, maps, cartoons, statistical data, oral histories, and published/unpublished documents. Secondary sources are defined as materials created by non-eyewitnesses, such as books, articles, and scholarly journals

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Jazzie Albarico
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31 views11 pages

Understanding Sources: 03 September 2021 HIST101 Sections 2BAM-A, 2BAM-B and 1PSY-B

This document discusses the importance of primary and secondary sources in the study of history. It begins by outlining the learning outcomes, which are to identify the differences between primary and secondary sources, enumerate materials that are considered primary sources, and evaluate sources in terms of authenticity, credibility, and provenance. It then defines primary sources as materials created by people directly involved in the event being studied, such as eyewitness accounts, diaries, letters, and official documents. Formal examples of primary sources include photographs, sketches, maps, cartoons, statistical data, oral histories, and published/unpublished documents. Secondary sources are defined as materials created by non-eyewitnesses, such as books, articles, and scholarly journals

Uploaded by

Jazzie Albarico
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding

Sources
03 September 2021
HIST101
Sections 2BAM-A, 2BAM-B and 1PSY-B
Learning Outcomes

At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:


• Identify the differences between a primary source and a secondary
course
• Enumerate materials which can be considered primary sources
• Evaluate materials in terms of authenticity, credibility, and provenance
What are Sources?
• In his work, Understanding History, Gottschalk (1950) discusses the importance of sources
for the historian’s work:

The historian, however, has to use many materials that are not in books. Where these are
archaeological, epigraphical, or numismatical materials, he has to depend largely on
museums. Where there are official records, he may have to search for them in archives,
courthouses, government libraries, etc. Where there are private papers not available in official
collections, he may have to hunt among the papers of business houses, the muniment rooms of
ancient castles, the prized possessions of autograph collectors, the records of parish churches,
etc. Having some subject in mind, with more or less definite delimitation of the persons, areas,
times, and functions (i.e., the economic, political, intellectual, diplomatic, or other
occupational aspects) involved, he looks for materials that may have some bearing upon those
persons in that area at the time they function in that fashion. The more precise his delimitation
of persons, area, time, and function, the more relevant his sources are likely to be. (52-53)
It is from historical sources that our history is
studied and written. But in analyzing them, several
methodologies and theories were used by
historians to properly study history and glean from
the sources what is, for them, a proper way of
writing history to enhance and disseminate national
identity.
Primary Sources

• Primary sources are materials produced by people or groups directly


involved in the event of topic being studied. These people are either
participants or eyewitnesses to the event. These sources range from
eyewitness accounts, diaries, letters, legal documents, official
documents (government or private), and even photographs.
Primary Sources
Formally, there are eight examples of these primary sources:
• Photographs that may reflect social conditions of historical realities and everyday life
• Old sketches and drawings that may indicate the conditions of life of societies in the past
• Old maps that may reveal how space and geography were used to emphasize trade routes,
structural build-up, etc.
• Cartoons for political expression or propaganda
• Material evidence of the prehistoric past like cave drawings, old syllabaries, and ancient
writings
• Statistical tables, graphs, and charts
• Oral history or recordings by electronic means of accounts of eyewitnesses or participants; the
recordings are then transcribed and used for research.
• Published and unpublished primary documents, eyewitness accounts, and other written sources
Secondary Sources

• Gottschalk simply defines secondary sources as “the testimony of


anyone who is not an eyewitness – that is of one who was not present at
the event of which he tells” (p. 53). These are books, articles, and
scholarly journals that had interpreted primary sources or had used
them to discuss certain subjects of history.
Guide Questions:

• What is the main distinction between primary source and secondary source?
• Why is primary source important in the study of history?
• What is the purpose of a secondary source?
• At present, how do you discriminate between contradicting reports of a single
event from different sources?
• Why should official records of the government be made accessible to the
public?
Activity 1
Reading Excerpts – “Tabon Man”
Activity 1
Guide Questions: (to be answered individually)
1. Which is the primary source and the secondary source between the two readings?
2. Do a credibility analysis of the sources and context analysis of authors. Who
between the two authors is more credible to talk about the topic?
Activity 2
Sovereignty Claims

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