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At The End of This Lesson, The Students Will Be Able To

The document defines and categorizes different types of variables that can be measured in research. It discusses numeric variables including continuous and discrete variables. It also discusses categorical variables including ordinal, nominal, dichotomous, and polytomous variables. Finally, it discusses experimental variables including independent, dependent, and extraneous variables. The goal is to help students differentiate between kinds of variables and understand their proper uses in research.

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Dan Lhery Susano Gregorious
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34 views

At The End of This Lesson, The Students Will Be Able To

The document defines and categorizes different types of variables that can be measured in research. It discusses numeric variables including continuous and discrete variables. It also discusses categorical variables including ordinal, nominal, dichotomous, and polytomous variables. Finally, it discusses experimental variables including independent, dependent, and extraneous variables. The goal is to help students differentiate between kinds of variables and understand their proper uses in research.

Uploaded by

Dan Lhery Susano Gregorious
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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At the end of this lesson, the students will

be able to:
• differentiate kinds of variables and their uses;
• do not compromise values and do the right thing even
though face with criticism.
Classification of
Variables
Numeric Variables
Categorical Variables
Experimental Variables
Variables
- is any factor or property that a researcher
measures, controls, and/or manipulates.
- It is also the changing quantity or
measure of any factor, trait, or condition
that can exist in differing amounts or
types.
- It is also a logical set of attributes,
characteristics, numbers, or quantities
that can be measured or counted.
- It is also called a data item.
Numeric Variables
these are variables with values
that describe a measurable
numerical quantity and answer
the questions “how many” or
“how much”. These values are
considered as quantitative data.
CONTINUOUS VARIABLES
 these variables can assume
any value between a certain
set of real numbers. The
values depend on the scale
used. Continuous variables
are also called interval
variables. Some examples are
time, age, temperature,
height, and weight.
DISCRETE VARIABLES
 these variables can only assume
any whole value within the limits
of the given variables. Some
examples are the number of
registered cars, number of
business locations, number of
children in the family, population
of students, and total number of
faculty members.
Categorical Variables
these are variables with
values that describe a
quality or
characteristics of a data
unit like “what type” or
“which category”.
ORDINAL VARIABLES
 these variables can take a
value which can be logically
ordered or ranked. Some
examples are academic grades
such as A,B,C; clothing size
such as X,L,M,S; and measures
of attitudes like strongly
agree, agree, disagree, or
strongly disagree.
NOMINAL VARIABLES
 these are variables
whose values cannot be
organized in a logical
sequence. Some examples
are business types, eye
colors, kinds of religion,
various languages, and
types of learners.
DICHOTOMOUS VARIABLES
 these variables
represent only two
categories. Some
examples are gender
(male and female),
answer (yes or no), and
veracity (true or false).
POLYCHOTOMOUS VARIABLES
 these are variables that have
many categories. Some
examples are educational
attainment (elementary, high
school, college, graduate, and
postgraduate), level of
performance (excellent, very
good, satisfactory, or poor).
Experimental
Variables
 Independent Variables
 Dependent Variables
 Extraneous Variables
INDEPENDENT VARIABLES
 these are usually
manipulated in an
experiment. Thus, they
are also called
manipulated or
explanatory variable.
DEPENDENT VARIABLES
 these variables are
usually affected by the
manipulation of the
independent variables.
They are also called
response or predicted
variables.
EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES
 these variables are also called
mediating or intervening
variables. These variables are
already existing during the
conduct of an experiment and
could influence the result of
the study. They are known as
covariate variables.
4. Variables according to the number being
studied
• UNIVARIATE STUDY – only one variable
is being studied
• BIVARIATE STUDY – two variables are
being studied
• POLYVARIATE STUDY – more than two
variables are being studied
Questions?

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