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Rizal in The 19 - Century Philippines

Rizal was born in the 19th century Philippines during Spain's decline as a colonial power. Events like the Industrial Revolution, growing power of Spanish friars, development of infrastructure like the Suez Canal, and leadership changes that relaxed or tightened Spanish rule all contributed to Rizal's rising national consciousness and desire for reform. The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and execution of priests further awakened Filipinos' desire for independence.

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Joseph Oliver Fetalino
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288 views

Rizal in The 19 - Century Philippines

Rizal was born in the 19th century Philippines during Spain's decline as a colonial power. Events like the Industrial Revolution, growing power of Spanish friars, development of infrastructure like the Suez Canal, and leadership changes that relaxed or tightened Spanish rule all contributed to Rizal's rising national consciousness and desire for reform. The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and execution of priests further awakened Filipinos' desire for independence.

Uploaded by

Joseph Oliver Fetalino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RIZAL IN THE

19 -
TH

CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
RIZAL IN THE 19-TH
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
The life of a person is shaped
by the society that he or she is
a part of. Thus, in studying
and understanding the life of
Jose Rizal, it is necessary to
look into the social context
where he was situated in the
RIZAL IN THE 19-TH
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
• Jose Rizal was born in the 19th
century. During this time, Spain’s
glory and rule as a colonial
power was already waning. The
natives of the Philippines were
slowly realizing the need to
awaken their national
RIZAL IN THE 19-TH
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
• It was Jose Rizal who first used the
word Filipino to refer to the
inhabitants of the country, whether
they are of Spanish or Filipino
blood. Under the Spanish rule, the
native inhabitants were called indios
while inhabitants with Spanish
blood (peninsulares, insulares,
RIZAL IN THE 19-TH
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
• The events around the world
also contributed to the
formation of national
consciousness led by Rizal and
other noted ilustrados during
the 19th century. Different
events contributed to how
Rizal’s own national
This is the different events in 19th
century that contributed to Rizal’s
National consciousness:
• Industrial Revolution
• Frailocracy
• The infrastructure of Suez Canal
• Leadership of Gov. Gen. Carlos Ma.
Dela Torre (1869-1871)
• Leadership of Gov. Gen. Rafael
Izquerdo (1871-1873)
• The Cavity Mutiny
Industrial revolution

• Refers to the transition to new


manufacturing processes that made us of
steam-powered, special-purpose
machinery, factories and mass production
in Europe, had its effects on the Philippine
economy.
• The industrial revolution increased the
movement of trade around the world
which made Filipinos of Spanish ancestry
wealthier because they had connections to
• With newer production methods,
Filipino merchants and small-scale
industrialists became prominent in
Philippine society, thus forming a
new group of influential middle
class Filipinos.
• Many prominent figures in the
propaganda movement, against the
colonizers came from the middle
class- those who had the privilege to
Frailocracy

• The Spanish friars, despite the


controversies involving them, were
crucial in maintaining the Philippine
archipelago as a Spanish colony.
• The Filipinos turned more and more
to the friars for moral and political
guidance as Spanish civil officials in
the country became more corrupt
Frailocracy

• The friars then became more


influential and powerful because
of frailocracy or the rule of the
friars.
• The dominance of the friars in the
country prompted Rizal and
propagandists to expose their
abuses in forwarding their power
Frailocracy

• The growing power of the friars


in the 19th century urged the
reformists and nationalists to
work harder to let the people
know who the real enemies were.
Infrastructure of suez canal

• The Suez Canal was the first


infrastructure that paved the way
for the importation of books,
magazines and newspapers with
liberal ideas from Europe and
America.
• This was the instrumental to the
political awakening of Rizal because
he was able to expand his
The leadership of gov. gen. carlos ma.
Dela torre
• He gave Rizal , the reformists, and the
Filipinos a foretaste of democratic rule.
During the leadership of Dela Torre,
media censorship became relaxed and
limited secularization of education
began.
• He gave amnesty to rebels including
Casimiro Camerino, the leader of the
bandits of Cavite, and established the
The leadership of gov. gen. rafael
izquierdo

• He was the opposite of Gov. Gen.


Dela Torre’s liberal-minded rule.
For Izquierdo, the indios should not
be given the same rights and
freedom enjoyed by the Spaniards
in the Philippines.
• He imposed harsh policies and laws,
far from the liberal measures that
The leadership of gov. gen. rafael
izquierdo
• Izquierdo was also responsible for
removing the long-standing
personal benefits of the workers
under the encomienda system and
forced labor exemptions among
soldiers.
• This led to the Cavite Mutiny on
January 20, 1872 that was staged by
Cavite mutiny

• The Cavite munity was a failed uprising


against the Spaniards, resulting in
disarmed, imprisoned, and dead Filipino
soldiers. Those who were suspected to be
involved in the mutiny were also arrested
and executed.
• The Spanish authorities and the friars
used the mutiny to implicate the three
secular priests Mariano Gomez, Jose
Burgoz and Jacinto Zamora also known
Cavite mutiny

• The priests were executed by garote at


Bagumbayan on February 15, 1872.
This event had a personal impact on
Rizal and his family since Burgos was a
personal friend of his brother, Paciano
• The Martyrdom of the three priests
awakened the desire for independence
among many Filipinos. In fact, Rizal
dedicated his El filibusterismo to the
Racial discrimination

• Rizal’s aim to make the Philippines


known as a country of writers and
intellectuals was a result of his firsthand
experience of racial discrimination when
he was in Spain.
• Considered as an inferior race, Filipinos
were not given access to public goods and
experienced rampant prejudice in
government offices, schools, and in
RIZAL IN THE 19-TH
CENTURY
PHILIPPINES
The liberal and progressive ideas
of Rizal’s national consciousness
of native which eventually led to
the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
Rizal’s contribution to the decline
of the Spanish rule in the 19th
century is recognized until today.

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