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    Database Performance and Tuning

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    joecrk
    Database tuning involves making a database application run more quickly by improving throughput and response times. It requires understanding the database architecture and how different components like the query processor, indexes, storage subsystem, and operating system affect performance. The goals of database tuning are to appreciate these interactions, study their performance effects, and learn tuning principles and troubleshooting techniques. Some key principles include localizing problems, reducing startup costs like disk access, and optimizing task allocation between application servers and the database server. The tuning process involves setting goals, measuring baseline performance, identifying bottlenecks, tuning components, and remeasuring until goals are met.

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    Database Performance and Tuning

    Uploaded by

    joecrk
    81 views12 pages
    Database tuning involves making a database application run more quickly by improving throughput and response times. It requires understanding the database architecture and how different components like the query processor, indexes, storage subsystem, and operating system affect performance. The goals of database tuning are to appreciate these interactions, study their performance effects, and learn tuning principles and troubleshooting techniques. Some key principles include localizing problems, reducing startup costs like disk access, and optimizing task allocation between application servers and the database server. The tuning process involves setting goals, measuring baseline performance, identifying bottlenecks, tuning components, and remeasuring until goals are met.

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    Database tuning involves making a database application run more quickly by improving throughput and response times. It requires understanding the database architecture and how different components like the query processor, indexes, storage subsystem, and operating system affect performance. The goals of database tuning are to appreciate these interactions, study their performance effects, and learn tuning principles and troubleshooting techniques. Some key principles include localizing problems, reducing startup costs like disk access, and optimizing task allocation between application servers and the database server. The tuning process involves setting goals, measuring baseline performance, identifying bottlenecks, tuning components, and remeasuring until goals are met.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    81 views12 pages

    Database Performance and Tuning

    Uploaded by

    joecrk
    Database tuning involves making a database application run more quickly by improving throughput and response times. It requires understanding the database architecture and how different components like the query processor, indexes, storage subsystem, and operating system affect performance. The goals of database tuning are to appreciate these interactions, study their performance effects, and learn tuning principles and troubleshooting techniques. Some key principles include localizing problems, reducing startup costs like disk access, and optimizing task allocation between application servers and the database server. The tuning process involves setting goals, measuring baseline performance, identifying bottlenecks, tuning components, and remeasuring until goals are met.

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    of 12

    Database Administration and

    Performance Tuning

    1
    Text/Reference Books:
    • Dennis Shasha and Phillipe Bonnet: Database Tuning : Principles
    Experiments and Troubleshooting Techniques. Morgan Kaufmann
    Publishers. 2002 (released in June 2002). TEXT.
    • Dennis Shasha: Database tuning : a principled approach. Prentice Hall,
    1992. REFERENCE (a good reference if cannot get the text book)
    • Database Management Systems, 3rd edition. Raghu Ramakrishnan &
    Johannes Gehrke, McGraw-Hill, 2002.
    • Hector Garcia-Molina, Jeffrey D. Ullman, and Jennifer Widom:
    Database Systems -- The Complete Book. Prentice Hall, 2001.
    • G. J. Vaidyanatha, K. Deshpande and J. Kostelac: Oracle Performance
    Tuning 101. Osborne/Mc-Graw-Hill. 2001. REFERENCE.
    • Jim Gray (ed): The Benchmark handbook : for database and
    transaction processing systems. M. Kaufmann Publishers, 1991.
    REFERENCE.

    2
    Database Tuning
    Database Tuning is the activity of making a
    database application run more quickly.
    “More quickly” usually means higher
    throughput, though it may mean lower
    response time for time-critical applications.

    3
    Application
    Programmer
    (e.g., business analyst,
    Data architect)

    Application

    Sophisticated
    Application Query Processor
    Programmer
    (e.g., SAP admin)
    Indexes Storage Subsystem

    Concurrency Control Recovery


    DBA,
    Tuner
    Operating System

    Hardware
    [Processor(s), Disk(s), Memory] 4
    Goals of the Course
    • Appreciation of DBMS architecture
    • Study the effect of various components on
    the performance of the systems
    • Tuning principles
    • Troubleshooting techniques for chasing
    down performance problems
    • Hands-on experience in Tuning
    5
    Contents
    1. Basic Principles
    2. Tuning the guts
    3. Indexes
    4. Relational Systems
    5. Application Interface
    6. E-commerce Applications
    7. Data warehouse Applications
    8. Distributed Applications
    9. Troubleshooting
    6
    Tuning Principles
    • Think globally, fix locally
    – Localizing the problems
    • Partitioning breaks bottlenecks (temporal and spatial)
    – ONE part of the system limits the the overall performance
    – Two approaches:
    • Fix locally
    • Partitioning the LOAD
    – eg. Free list, lock contention due to long transactions

    • Partitioning in space/logical resources/time

    7
    Tuning Principles
    • Start-up costs are high; running costs are
    low
    – Start-up costs include
    • Disk access
    • Data transfer
    • Query processing
    • System calls
    – Reduce the number of start-ups

    8
    An example:

    Time = Seek Time +


    Rotational Delay +
    Transfer Time +
    Other
    Rule of Random I/O: Expensive
    Thumb Sequential I/O: Much less
    • Ex:1 KB Block
    » Random I/O:  20 ms.
    » Sequential I/O:  1 ms.
    9
    Tuning Principles
    • Render onto server what is due onto Server
    – Task allocation between the server and the
    application programs
    – Factors:
    • Relative computing resources of client, application
    servers and data server
    – Should checking be done in the middle tier?
    • Location of information
    • The nature of tasks: interaction with screen?
    10
    Tuning Principles
    • Be prepared for trade-offs
    • Ex. Indices

    11
    Tuning Mindset
    1. Set reasonable performance tuning goals
    2. Measure and document current performance
    3. Identify current system performance bottleneck
    4. Identify current OS bottleneck
    5. Tune the required components eg: application, DB,
    I/O, contention, OS etc
    6. Track and exercise change-control procedures
    7. Measure and document current performance
    8. Repeat step 3 through 7 until the goal is met

    12

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