Overview of Neonatal Sepsis

Dr Akshay P Jadhav,
NEONATAL SEPSIS
CONTENTS
1. Topic Outline
2. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
3. INTRODUCTION
4. TERMINOLOGY
5. PATHOGENESIS
6. EPIDEMIOLOGY
7. ETIOLOGIC AGENTS
8. MATERNAL RISK FACTORS
9. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
 NEONATAL SEPSIS ( Contd ) CONTENTS
10.EVALUATION AND INITIAL MANAGEMENT 12. DIAGNOSIS
• Culture prover sepsis
• Early onset sepsis • Probable seps
• Early-onset sepsis calculator • Infection unlikely
13. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
• Symptomatic neonates 14. SOCIETY GUIDELINES REFERENCE LINKS
• Well appearing neonates 15. INFORMATION FOR PATIENTS
16. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
• Empiric antibiotic therapy 17. REFERENCES
11.LABORATORY TESTS 18. GRAPHICS
• ALGORITHMS
• Blood culture • GBS risk assessment for neonates >/=35 weeks gestation
• Lumbar puncture • GBS enhanced observation for neonates >/= 35 weeks GA
19. Figures
• Urine culture
• Range of neutrophil count in term neonates
• Other cultures • Normal range of neutrophil counts for preterm infants
• Complete blood count 20. Tables
• Bacterial pathogens in neonates
• Early-onset sepsis • Findings in neonatal sepsis
• Late-onset sepsis • Normal CSF indices in neonates
• Antibiotic regimens for neonatal sepsis
• Lab markers • Neonatal sepsis differential diagnosis
NEONATAL SEPSIS
1. Topic Outline
What is already known on this topic?

What recent Global 2021 Data reveals about true trends ?

 What is already known on this topic?
01
► The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimated 1.3 million
annual incident cases of NS & other infections
► Approx 937 cases / 100 000 live births & 203,000 sepsis-
attributable neonatal deaths. (1/6th of affected)
► However, Imp contributors to the burden of NS & infection,
pneumonia, not captured by this estimate (based on the GBD
definition).
► A previous systematic review identified only eight studies on NS
incidence from five countries that used a clinical sepsis definition.
 What recent Global 2021 Data reveals about true trends ?
02
► It was found by BMJ review on NS Trends Globally 2021, that 26 studies when pooled,
neonatal sepsis incidence of 2824 per 100 000 live births (95% CI 1892 to 4194)
► NS mortality of 17.6% (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%).
►Preterm and VLBW (very low birthweight )neonates particularly affected,
► There were considerable regional differences in incidence.
► Data is lacking from many countries, underlining the need for further epidemiological
research to guide interventions that reduce neonatal incidence and mortality.
03 What recent 2021 Data reveals about trends in India?

► It was found by BMJ review on NS Trends Globally

2021, that 26 studies when pooled, neonatal sepsis
incidence of 2824 per 100 000 live births (95% CI 1892
to 4194)
► NS mortality of 17.6% (95% CI 10.3% to 28.6%).
►Preterm and VLBW (very low birthweight )neonates
particularly affected,
► There were considerable regional differences in
incidence.
► Data is lacking from many countries, underlining the
need for further epidemiological research to guide
interventions that reduce neonatal incidence and
mortality.
Maximum STUDIES from
INDIA (12 out of 26)
NEONATAL SEPSIS
2. SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 02

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EWAFEWAFO