The document presents a design for a simple 2-way wired intercom system. It includes definitions of basic intercom terms like master station and sub-station. It describes the basic components of an intercom including an amplifier, speaker, switch and impedance matching devices. It provides the circuit diagram and explains how it works using transistors as amplifiers. The system can be built by making two identical circuit boards and connecting them to allow two-way communication.
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The document presents a design for a simple 2-way wired intercom system. It includes definitions of basic intercom terms like master station and sub-station. It describes the basic components of an intercom including an amplifier, speaker, switch and impedance matching devices. It provides the circuit diagram and explains how it works using transistors as amplifiers. The system can be built by making two identical circuit boards and connecting them to allow two-way communication.
The document presents a design for a simple 2-way wired intercom system. It includes definitions of basic intercom terms like master station and sub-station. It describes the basic components of an intercom including an amplifier, speaker, switch and impedance matching devices. It provides the circuit diagram and explains how it works using transistors as amplifiers. The system can be built by making two identical circuit boards and connecting them to allow two-way communication.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
The document presents a design for a simple 2-way wired intercom system. It includes definitions of basic intercom terms like master station and sub-station. It describes the basic components of an intercom including an amplifier, speaker, switch and impedance matching devices. It provides the circuit diagram and explains how it works using transistors as amplifiers. The system can be built by making two identical circuit boards and connecting them to allow two-way communication.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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PRESENATATION
ON SIMPLE-INTERCOM BY: Abhay Goswami Deepesh Gupta Mritunjay Dwivedi CONTENTS
1. Introduction to intercom 2. Basic terms A. Wired intercom B. Wireless intercom 3.Types of intercom 4. Basic Discription 5. Basic ingredients of intercom 6. Circuit Discription 7. Working INTERCOM
Introduction
An intercom is an electronic communications system within a building or group of
buildings. The permanent intercoms are generally composed of fixed microphone/speaker units which connect to a central control panel. Intercoms can be portable or mounted permanently in buildings and vehicles. Intercoms can incorporate connections to:
1.Walkie talkies 2.Telephones 3.Cell phones 4.Electro-mechanical or electronic devices such as signal lights and door latches. Basic terms
Master Station or Base Station - These are units that can control the system, i.e., initiate a call with any of the stations and make announcements over the whole system.
Sub-station - Units that are capable of only initiating a call with a Master Station but not capable of initiating calls with any other stations(sometimes called slave units).
Intercom Station - Full-featured remote unit that is capable of initiating and receiving conversation, individual conversation and signaling .
Wall Mount Station - Fixed-position intercom station with built-in loudspeaker.
Belt Pack - Portable intercom station worn on the belt. Requires a headset or handset. Wired Intercoms
In wired intercom,signal light
indications between stations can be accomplished through the use of additional conductors via tone frequencies sent above or below the speech frequency range. Wireless intercom
There are many types of wireless intercom systems on the market. Most wireless intercom systems communicate over the airwaves using one of the frequencies allotted by various government agencies. Wireless intercoms simply save costs involved with hard-wired. Also they are:- 1.Efficient 2.Easily maintained As mentioned one of the main reasons to use a wireless intercom system is that the cost of retrofitting a building for a wired intercom system is high. Another reason to use a wireless system is portability. With many wired systems a user who is seated typically has to get up and go to a wall mounted intercom to use it.With a wireless intercom, a person can put an intercom unit anywhere they want.One of the challenges of a wireless system is the possibility of interference. Since wireless systems communicate over the airwaves other wireless devices may interfere with wireless intercom communications. TYPES OF INTERCOM
Intercom systems are mainly of two types :
(i) “Master- Slave” or Principal- Subsidiary” system and
(ii) “Independent station” system.
In Master – Slave system, the overall control of the intercom
system is rested in one individual, the Chief Supervisor/ Manager/ Director, He can call up and speak to his subordinates denoted as “ substations” who can also call up and speak to their boss. But the subordinates (Substations) cannot call up or speak to one another. In the independent- stations- system, all the telephone principle with dialing facility. Such sets use the P & T type of hand set consisting of earphones and microphone. In other intercom sets, stations uses only one loudspeaker which is employed as microphones also.
GENERAL DISCRIPTION
Intercom circuit is a 48 volts D.C amplifier. When talk-listen-
switch is at ‘talk’ position, input of the amplifier is connected to the speaker of the ‘slave unit’. When we change the switch to listen position, ‘slave unit speaker is at input of the amplifier and’ maser unit’ speaker is at output of the amplifier. Input speaker changes the voice into electrical signal. Each transistor amplifier this signal and finally passing through the transformer it reaches the speaker which again changes the electrical signal into a sound which we have at other speaker. BASIC INGREDIENTS OF AN INTERCOM SET
1. A loudspeaker
2. An amplifier
3. A switch to change over the loudspeaker from output of
amplifier to its input and vice-versa, which is called the Listen-Talk Switch (DPDT)
4. A push switches to select a particular station by means of
aural indication.The aural indication for ‘call’ is provided by means of a low frequency tone. 5.Matching device: to match the impedence of the loudspeaker to that of output and input of the amplifier and to the wires/cables connecting the intercom network. Impedence matching is achieved by means of resistance- capacitance network or transformer.
6.Conference facility : this facility is also a function of one of
the switching system, as a result of which the substation and the master statin are brought in parallel with one another. It, therefore, involves a rearrangement of impedence matching device. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
In the given circuit of intercom for two, the input connected
speaker 1 (works as microphone here) convert the incoming sound signals, Transistor T-1 working under common emitter Configuration as pre amplifier, amplifies the law signal. The connected capacitor C-1 at T-1 base is a fitter capacitor that allows only sound signals to go in T-1 base. Capacitor T-2 discharges the excess signals at T-1 base, the operating voltage for T-1 Is coming from resistance R-1 and R-2. The amplified output from T-1 collector is again fed at T-2 base through C-3 capacitor for second stage amplifier. Again through C-3 and C-4 is doing the same funcyion as in stage 1. The voltage provide to this stay is R-3 and R-4. The output (amplified) is collected from collector of T-2 (also working as common emitter amplifier). Transistor T-3 ( working as power amplifier under common collector mode) get the input through C-5 capacitor and VC provided through R-5. The output from its emitter is given directly at speaker (through two every switch) to convert electrical signal into sound signal that one can hear at a distance of wire. DPDT switch charge the position of two connected speaker every time. The circuit will work satisfactorily on 3V (dc). One can use 6V using big distance wire. working Circuit diagram is a simple but effective circuit intercom circuit is based entirely on transistors. Circuit diagram is based on three stages plus RC amplifier. When the pushbutton S2 is pressed, the amplifier cord around T1 & T2 becomes astable multivibrator and started to generate a ringing signal. This ringing signal is amplified by the transistor T3 to drive the speaker. When the S2 button is released the circuit will behave as a normal amplifier and you can talk to the other side through it. The following is a schematic drawing : M1 condenser is microphone. Use push to ON type switch to the S2. Use the slide S1. Switch S1 to switch can be used to turn on the circuit. Build a two-way intercom, making two identical copies of the sequence given below and link it in accordance with a given connection diagrams. Who stood with consumption of this circuit current is about 20mA . Here is a picture of the transistor diagram of the intercom system: COST ESTIMATION Components RANGE qty price (Rs.)
