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Exposure

The exposure triangle explains the relationship between aperture, shutter speed, and ISO when taking photographs. Aperture determines how wide the lens opening is and affects depth of field. Shutter speed controls how long the lens stays open and can be used to freeze or blur motion. ISO specifies the camera's light sensitivity, with higher ISO allowing less light but risking more noise. Understanding how these three factors interact is crucial for photographers to control exposure and achieve their creative vision.

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189 views8 pages

Exposure

The exposure triangle explains the relationship between aperture, shutter speed, and ISO when taking photographs. Aperture determines how wide the lens opening is and affects depth of field. Shutter speed controls how long the lens stays open and can be used to freeze or blur motion. ISO specifies the camera's light sensitivity, with higher ISO allowing less light but risking more noise. Understanding how these three factors interact is crucial for photographers to control exposure and achieve their creative vision.

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EXPOSURE

TRIANGLE
Aperture, shutter speed, and ISO make
up the three sides of the exposure
triangle. They work together to
produce a photo that is properly
exposed. If one variable changes, at
least one of the others must also
change to maintain the correct
exposure.
In photography, the exposure triangle explains the relationship between shutter speed, ISO and aperture. Whether you’re shooting old school film or
with a mirrorless, these three factors are at the center of every exposure.

Understanding the exposure triangle, also called the photographic triangle, will help you determine how a picture will look before you take it. And
while saving film in today’s digitally dominated world is probably not your first priority, knowing how aperture, shutter speed, and ISO work together
to compose your image will make you a smarter, more efficient photographer.

With getting to know these variables, you’ll also come to realize that, at least artistically, there is no one ‘correct’ exposure for a scene.

First, what is photography, anyway? Without waxing philosophical, and just looking at its etymology, photography, literally means, “light painting.”

So, to ‘paint’ what you’ve visualized in your mind’s eye, that is, to turn your creative concept into a concrete image, it helps to understand this
relationship of aperture, shutter speed and ISO, and how it affects the way light enters the camera lens and reaches the sensor to ‘paint’ your image.
Aperture
Like the iris of your eye, the aperture blades on the lens
of a camera control how much light is let into the camera
lens. The amount of light that reaches your camera’s
image sensor will determine what the exposure looks
like.

Each aperture setting on the lens is referred to as an f-


stop, a fraction that indicates the diameter of the lens
opening. Aperture also determines the depth of field and
sharpness. Every lens has a “sweet spot” or “critical
focus,” usually between f/4 and f/11.
Shutter Speed
While aperture determines how wide the lens opening is, shutter speed determines how long the lens stays
open for, letting the specific amount of volume of light into the sensor determined by the aperture. A faster
shutter speed, like 1/1000th of a second, has the effect of freezing motion, while a slower shutter speed,
like 1/60th, will blur motion in a scene.

Much like in photography however, the exposure triangle can be used when filming as well. The 180
degree rule of shutter explains the relationship between shutter speed and frame rate when recording
motion in video. In order to maintain continuity within the film and make the motion seem natural to the
human eye, the shutter speed should be set to double your frame rate. Most cinematic videos are captured
at 24 fps, so when you are filming you would want to double this number and change your shutter speed
to 1/50th of a second. If you are shooting 30 fps however, you would change the shutter speed to 1/60th,
or 50 fps your shutter speed would be 1/100th, in order to create proper motion blur. If you wanted to
adjust the settings manually to capture slow motion videos, the frame rate must be adjusted to triple your
shutter speed. For example, if you are shooting at 60fps then your shutter speed would be 1/20, or if your
frame rate is 120 fps then your shutter speed would be 1/40, etc. In addition ND filters can be used to
adjust your shutter speed, as an ND filter is used to reduce the amount of light that is permitted to reach
your camera’s sensor. By doing this ND filters help reduce shutter speed, which in turn, allows you to
double your frame rate in harsh lighting conditions. At PolarPro, we feature a wide range of ND filters for
most camera devices which can help you master the proper shutter speed and as a result, create
professional cinematic footage.
ISO
ISO is the international standard of measurement that determines how
sensitive a photographic film emulsion or digital sensor is to light. When
increasing the ISO it allows you to work with less light, however if the ISO
is increased often times there will be more noise and less detail within your
video. In other words, when increasing your ISO it will bring light into dark
images, but as a result can diminish the quality of the shot. At lower ISOs
the degree of your camera’s signal is significantly large when compared to
the noise, this means that the noise generally remains inconspicuous. When
shooting on your device, it is best to keep your ISO low in order to avoid
noise; however, your determined ISO level is ultimately dependent upon the
surrounding environment and lighting conditions. For example, if you are
shooting in a low-light setting you will need a higher ISO to properly expose
the photo and brighten up the film. On the other hand, when you are in a
very bright setting and trying to capture footage, a lower ISO would be
appropriate in order to avoid noise getting into your photo or video.
Putting It All Together
To produce a photograph or video you must
use the exposure triangle in order to balance
aperture, shutter speed and ISO, and as a
result, control how long and how much light
enters the camera sensor. But to make a work
of ‘art,’ as it were, you’ll need a fine-tuned
combination of technical prowess (i.e.
knowing the exposure triangle) and an
untethered imagination.
APERTURE, SHUTTER SPEED AND ISO ARE WORKING
TOGETHER TO MACK SOME FANOMINAL PHOTOS

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