DANCE

What is dance?
• Dance is an activity which can take many
forms and fill many different needs. It can
be recreation, entertainment, education,
therapy, and religion.
• Dance can also be considered recreational
activity that can develop our physical,
mental, social, and emotional health.
Dance teaches the importance of
movement and fitness in a variety of ways
through a variety of disciplines.
• Dance comes from the German word
damson, which means “to stretch or “to
drag”. It developed as a natural expression
of united feeling and action.
• Dance is considered the mirror of the
society because it responds to historical
and religious events as well as social and
political statements.
 History and Development of Dance from
the Different Periods
• Dance During the Prehistoric Period
 It had been a major form of religious ritual
and social expression within primitive
culture.
 It was used as a way of expression and
reinforcing tribal unity and strength.
 It is based on superstition and infused with
magic. Shamans as lead dancers acted as
physicians and religious leaders and kept
tribes healthy, prosperous and safe
 Dance During the Ancient Civilization
• Ancient Egypt.
 3,300 BCE (First Dancing). It is believed that the
first people to dance were the Egyptians.
Archaeologists discovered paintings of dancing
figures in rock shelters and caves.
 As a way of expressing religious service and
teaching ancient myth, three (3) major dancers were
evolved:
• (1) the king;
• (2) the priests who performed magical dances;
• (3) virgin dancers who were trained to perform
during ceremonies led by the priests.
• Ancient Crete.
 The Cretan civilization (3000-1400 BC)
was a cultural link in the ancient world
between Egyptians and Greeks.
 Cretans used dance to perfect their
military training which made excellent.
 Dancing Toward the 21st Century
Modern History
 Dance During the Late 16th and 17th Centuries (1501-
1700)
 1600 (Masque Dancing). Masque dancing started from
elaborate pageants and shows in the 16th century.
Masque dancing involved intricate costuming and stage
designing that also incorporated singing and acting as well
as dancing. It was often used as a court entertainment.
 A period in the history of dance in Italy, France, and
England which was considered to be pleasantly deep and
rich. France became the forerunner in dance during this
period.
• Dance During the 18th Century (1701-1800)
 1795 (Classical Persian Dancing). This style of
dance evolved from courtroom dancing. An era
influencing Persian dance was the Qajar Dynasty
which lasted from 1795 to 1925. Dancers would
perform artistic and lively dances for the Shah. The
music is usually played by a small band.
 1800 (Tippity Tappity, Time for Tap). Tap dancing
originated from African tribe dancing. Tap dancing
makes percussion sounds because of dancers most
commonly wearing leather shoes with two pieces of
metal and clip and clap against hard floors. Tap is
still very popular to this day
• Dance During the 19th Century (1801-1900)
 1890 (Merengue Dancing). It is a Caribbean
dance style that involves partners holding
each other in a tango-like position and moving
their hips side to side.
 1900 (Jazz and Acro). It involves doing
smooth and flexible movements, and lots of
back bending and tricks. Both styles are
widely popular to this day.
 Ballroom dances also emerged during this
period like Cotillion, Polonaise, Quadrille,
Waltz and Polka.
20th Century Dances (1901-2000)
 Described as a period of “dance fever” wherein the young
and old alike were not limited to express emotions through
dance.
 1950 (Contemporary Dance). Contemporary dance is a style
that combines jazz, ballet, and modern dance. It can be
many different styles, but most of the time it is melancholy
and or intense.
 1970 (Hip Hop Dance). There are many styles of hip hop that
include breaking, popping, locking, and more. Street dance
was performed both in night clubs and on the streets. It is
associated with funk, breakdancing, and hip-hop.
 Several social dance movements also evolved such as castle
walk, tango, foxtrot, Charleston, Lindy Hop, Rumba, Mambo,
Cha-Cha-Cha, Samba, Bossa Nova, Boogaloo and Twist.
 Popular fad dances also emerged like YMCA and Macarena
• 21st Century Dance (2001- Present)
 2018 (Dance Nowadays). Today's dance
style has taken a turn towards more hip
hop dances. Small and popular dances
that involve hip hop and that most
everyone can achieve include the whip
and nae nae, Gangnam Style (it’s a little
old), shooting, and more
• Cardiovascular endurance is the ability of the
heart and lungs to work together to provide
the needed oxygen and fuel to the body during
sustained workloads. The 3-minute Step Test is
used to test cardiovascular endurance.
• Muscular strength is the amount of force a
muscle can produce. The Push-Up Test is most
often used to test muscular strength.
• Muscular endurance is the ability of the
muscles to perform continuous without
fatiguing. The Basic Plank is most often
used to test muscular endurance
• Flexibility is the ability of each joint to
move through the available range of
motion for a specific joint. The Zipper Test
and Sit and Reach Test is frequently used
to test body flexibility.
• Body composition is the amount of fat
mass compared to lean muscle mass,
bones and organs. The BMI is defined as
the body mass divided by the square of
the body height, and is universally
expressed in units of kg/m², resulting from
mass in kilograms and height in meters
 Dance Forms
BALLET

 originated in the Italian courts during

Renaissance period.
 Choreographers during that time were called
Dance master.
 Catherine de Medici married King Henry II of
France, She Brought Ballet with her to the
French court.
• Pierre Baeuchamp- dance master of King
Louise XIV
 Different principle of Ballet that need to
follow
• Alignment
– Proper alignment is the foundation of all
dance techniques, and is related to
developing good posture.
 Different principle of Ballet that need to
follow
2. Turn-out
-this is a natural rotation from the hips,
making the knees and toes point diagonally
outward
3. Weight distribution and Balance
4. Pull-up