HISTORICAL

BACKGROUND OF
THE EXISTENCE OF
THE PHILIPPINES
Submitted by:
Joanna marie a. saba
bsed-vedcat 3
 Beginnings of the
archipelago
Many groups of people are believed to have reached the The Indonesian and Malay archipelagos are where the latest arrivals to the
Philippines by crossing a land bridge that is no longer in Philippines originated.  Seafaring skills, along with iron tools and
existence. technologies (including glassmaking and weaving) were brought with these
migrants.

From about 7000 BC to 2000 BC, larger groups of people With the diverse mixture of cultures a new civilization emerged by the 5th
from present-day China and Vietnam arrived in the century AD.    There were influences from other countries as well, primarily
Philippines.  It is believed that the largest migration to the the Middle East, India and China, bringing economic and social changes.
islands occurred after the 3rd century BC.

Islam spread throughout the southern parts of the Philippines

during the 14th century, thus becoming firmly entrenched there. 
The 15th century brought about trade with merchants from the
Chinese Ming Dynasty.

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 Names given to philippines
✣ Long before the coming of Magellan, Philippines was already known to the early Chinese traders and
geographers. Various records and artifacts antedate Sino- Philippines contacts to 3rd Century A.D., they
gave the names for Philippines as:

✣ “Ma-yi” – appears in Sung Dynasty sources in 982 A.D.

✣ Chau-Ju-Kua, a Chinese trader Official gave a detailed account of his trip to various islands in the
Philippines in the year 1225, wherein he called the country as – Ma-i.

✣ Another Pre-Hispanic Sino Writer, Wang-Ta- Yuan in 1349, who wrote his travels to “ Ma- i”, “Mintolang”
(Mindanao), “Malilu” (Manila); “Sulu and Pishoye”(Visayas).

✣ Ma-i is generally accepted to refer to the island of Mindoro in Luzon, because of its gold and proximity to
the mainland China.
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The official name “Filipinas” was given to the archipelago in
1543 by the ill-starred Spanish explorer Ruy Lopez de
Villalobos, in honor of Prince Felipe (Philip) of Asturias, who
later became King Philip II, the greatest King of Spain.

The name first appeared in the rare map published at Venice in

1554 by Giovanni Battista Ramusio, an Italian Geographer in
the most popular collection of early travels and voyages at the
time.

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Until it was later Anglicized to “Philippine
Islands” during the American Colonial
regime, and then to the name of “Republic
of the Philippines” after the decolonization
in 1946.

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Other names given for philippines
✣ Gems of the East
✣ Treasure Islands of the Pacific
✣ Isles of Fear
✣ Isles of Hope
✣ Orphans of the Pacific
✣ Land of the Morning
✣ Pearl of the Orient
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History of the
Philippines
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The history of the Philippines is believed to have begun with the arrival of the first
humans via land bridges at least 30,000 years ago.
The first recorded visit from the West is the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan on
Homonhon Island, southeast of Samar on March 16, 1521.

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Prior to Magellans arrival, there were Negrito tribes who roamed the isles but they were later supplanted by
Austronesians. These groups then stratified into: hunter-gatherer tribes, warrior-societies, petty plutocracies and
maritime oriented harbor principalities which eventually grew into kingdoms, rajahnates, principalities,
confederations and sultanates.

States such as the Indianized Rajahnate of Butuan and Cebu, the dynasty of Tondo, the august kingdoms of
Maysapan and Maynila, the Confederation of Madyaas, the signified Country of Mai, as well as the Muslim
Sultanates of Sulu and Maguindanao.

These small states flourished from as early as the 10th century AD, despite these kingdoms attaining complex
political and social orders, as well as enjoying trade with areas now called China, India, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam,
and Indonesia, none encompassed the whole archipelago which was to become the unified Philippines of the
twentieth century. The remainder of the settlements was independent Barangays allied with one of the larger
nations.

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Spanish colonization

✣ Began with the arrival of Miguel Lopez de

Legazpi’s expedition in 1565.
✣ The expedition continued northward reaching the
bay of Manila on the island of Luzon in 1571.
✣ They established a new town and thus began an era
of Spanish colonization that lasted for more than
three centuries.

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The spanish introduced:

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The philippine revolution

The Philippine Revolution against Spain began in April 1896, but it was
largely unsuccessful until it received support from the United States,
culminating two years later with a proclamation of independence and the
establishment of the First Philippine Republic. However, the Treaty of Paris,
at the end of the Spanish– American War, transferred control of the
Philippines to the United States. This agreement was not recognized by the
Philippine Government which, on June 2, 1899, proclaimed a Declaration of
War against the United States.

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American period
American period (1898–1946) Filipinos initially saw their
relationship with the United States as that of two nations joined in
a common struggle against Spain. However, the United States later
distanced itself from the interests of the Filipino insurgents.
Aguinaldo was unhappy that the United States would not commit
to paper a statement of support for Philippine independence.
Relations deteriorated and tensions heightened as it became clear
that the Americans were in the islands to stay.

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 Philippine-american war
✣ Hostilities broke out on February 4, 1899, after two American privates on
patrol killed three Filipino soldiers in San Juan, a Manila suburb. This incident
sparked the Philippine-American War, which would cost far more money and
took far more lives than the Spanish–American War. Some 126,000 American
soldiers would be committed to the conflict; 4,234 Americans died, as did
16,000 Filipino soldiers who were part of a nationwide guerrilla movement of
indeterminate numbers.
✣ At least one million Filipinos lost their lives as a direct result of the war, with
as many as 200,000 who died as a result of the cholera epidemic at the wars
end. Atrocities were committed by both sides.

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World war II and Japanese occupation

• Japan launched a surprise attack on the Clark Air Base in Pampanga,

Philippines on December 8, 1941, just ten hours after the attack on Pearl
Harbor.
• Aerial bombardment was followed by landings of ground troops on
Luzon.

• The defending Philippine and United States troops were under the
command of General Douglas MacArthur.

• Under the pressure of superior numbers, the defending forces withdrew

to the Bataan Peninsula and to the island of Corregidor.

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Yellow Blue Red
Is the color of gold, butter and ripe Is the colour of the clear sky and the Is the color of blood, and because of
lemons. In the spectrum of visible light, deep sea. It is located between violet this it has historically been associated
yellow is found between green and and green on the optical spectrum. with sacrifice, danger and courage.
orange.

Yellow Blue Red

Is the color of gold, butter and ripe Is the colour of the clear sky and the Is the color of blood, and because of
lemons. In the spectrum of visible light, deep sea. It is located between violet this it has historically been associated
yellow is found between green and and green on the optical spectrum. with sacrifice, danger and courage.
orange.

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