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    CE 322 (Lesson 1 - )

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    Chelze Villarin
    This document provides an overview of structural steel design principles. It discusses structural loads like dead loads, live loads, and wind loads. It also describes common standard steel shapes like hot-rolled shapes, built-up shapes, and cold-formed shapes. The document also recaps stresses like normal stress, shear stress, and bearing stress. It concludes by describing the ASEP Steel Handbook, which was published to provide local practitioners with commonly available steel products and design standards.

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    CE 322 (Lesson 1 - )

    Uploaded by

    Chelze Villarin
    39 views23 pages
    This document provides an overview of structural steel design principles. It discusses structural loads like dead loads, live loads, and wind loads. It also describes common standard steel shapes like hot-rolled shapes, built-up shapes, and cold-formed shapes. The document also recaps stresses like normal stress, shear stress, and bearing stress. It concludes by describing the ASEP Steel Handbook, which was published to provide local practitioners with commonly available steel products and design standards.

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    CE 322 [Lesson 1_] (1)

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    This document provides an overview of structural steel design principles. It discusses structural loads like dead loads, live loads, and wind loads. It also describes common standard steel shapes like hot-rolled shapes, built-up shapes, and cold-formed shapes. The document also recaps stresses like normal stress, shear stress, and bearing stress. It concludes by describing the ASEP Steel Handbook, which was published to provide local practitioners with commonly available steel products and design standards.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    39 views23 pages

    CE 322 (Lesson 1 - )

    Uploaded by

    Chelze Villarin
    This document provides an overview of structural steel design principles. It discusses structural loads like dead loads, live loads, and wind loads. It also describes common standard steel shapes like hot-rolled shapes, built-up shapes, and cold-formed shapes. The document also recaps stresses like normal stress, shear stress, and bearing stress. It concludes by describing the ASEP Steel Handbook, which was published to provide local practitioners with commonly available steel products and design standards.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    CE 322

    Principles of Steel Design


    [LESSON 1]
    CONTENT

    ➲ Structural design
    ➲ Structural loads
    ➲ Structural steel
    ➲ Standard cross-sectional steel shapes

    ⇒ hot-rolled shapes
    ⇒ commonly used built-up shapes
    ⇒ cold-formed shapes
    ➲ Recap on the topic Stresses
    ➲ ASEP Steel Handbook
    STRUCTURAL DESIGN
    The structural design of buildings, whether of structural steel or reinforced concrete,
    requires the determination of the overall proportions and dimensions of the
    supporting framework and the selection of the cross sections of individual
    members.

    In most cases the functional design will have been done by an architect, and the
    structural engineer must work within the constraints imposed by this design.
    05 Detailing, drawing, and
    Structural planning preparation of schedules

    01 04
    STRUCTURAL
    DESIGN PROCESS Design of structural
    members
    Load computations

    02 03
    Determination of methods
    of analysis
    STRUCTURAL LOADS
    ● those that are permanent

    01 DEAD LOADS ●
    ●
    includes the weight of the structure itself
    include the weight of nonstructural components

    ● not as permanent as dead load

    02 LIVE LOADS
    ●
    ●
    ●
    may or may not be acting on the structure at any given time
    location may not be fixed
    the magnitude is not as well defined as that of dead load

    03 WIND LOAD
    ●
    ●
    exerts a pressure or suction on the exterior surfaces of a building
    usually not as important for low buildings

    ● need to be considered only in those geographic locations where

    04 EARTHQUAKE LOADS ●
    there is a reasonable probability of occurrence
    the effects of the earthquake are simulated by a system of
    horizontal loads acting at each floor level of the building

    05 OTHERS
    ● often treated as separate categories, such as hydrostatic pressure
    and soil pressure
    STRUCTURAL STEEL

    The various properties of structural steel, including strength and ductility, are
    determined by its chemical composition. Structural steels can be grouped
    according to their composition as follows.
    1. Plain carbon steels: mostly iron and carbon, with less than 1% carbon.
    2. Low-alloy steels: iron and carbon plus other components (usually less than
    5%).
    3. High-alloy or specialty steels: similar in composition to the low-alloy steels
    but with a higher percentage of the components added to iron and carbon.
    STANDARD CROSS-SECTIONAL SHAPES

    In the design process outlined earlier, one of the objectives is the selection of the
    appropriate cross sections for the individual members of the structure being
    designed.

    Most often, this selection will entail choosing a standard cross-sectional shape
    that is widely available rather than requiring the fabrication of a shape with unique
    dimensions and properties. The largest category of standard shapes includes
    those produced by hot-rolling.
    Cross sections of some of the more commonly used hot-rolled shapes are shown.
    Other frequently used cross-sectional shapes are shown.
    Other shapes are available, but those just described are the ones most frequently
    used. In most cases, one of these standard shapes will satisfy design
    requirements. If the requirements are especially severe, then a built-up section,
    such as one of those shown, may be needed.
    Another category of steel products for structural applications is cold-formed steel.
    Structural shapes of this type are created by bending thin material such as sheet
    steel or plate into the desired shape without heating. Typical cross sections are
    shown.
    RECAP ON STRESSES

    Question #1: What is stress?


    Stress is a body’s response to external forces.

    Question #2: How is stress significant to the strength of a material?


    Stress indicates the strength of a body or of a material.
    Question #3: What is the difference between stress and strain?
    Stress is a body’s response to external forces, while strain is the amount of
    deformation experienced by a body due to stress.

    Question #4: What is deformation?


    Deformation is the change in dimension and/or shape of a body or object.
    Question #5: Review the stress-strain curve.
    Stress-strain curve is a graphical representation of the relationship between stress
    and strain in a body or material. It displays the body’s deformation in response to
    an externally applied load.
    NORMAL OR AXIAL STRESS (tensile stress)
    Normal or axial stress is expressed mathematically
    as:
    SHEAR STRESS
    Shear stress is expressed as:
    For single shear:

    For double shear:


    BEARING STRESS
    Bearing stress is expressed as:
    ASEP STEEL HANDBOOK

    The Association of Structural Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. (ASEP) is a non-


    profit organization founded in 1961 with the primary objective of upgrading the
    practice of structural engineering in the Philippines.
    As part of its efforts to meet this objective, the association published the
    Handbook of Steel Shapes and Sections in 1987. The main purpose of the original
    publication publication was to provide local practitioners, suppliers, and
    fabricators with a set of produced steel products. With the handbook, the need of
    substitutions due to unavailability and its corresponding cost and delay can thus
    be reduced or eliminated.
    Alternatively, it may be used to select substitute sections designed using other
    design manuals and tables. A second purpose for the publication was to provide the
    local practitioner with a design aid in International System of Units (SI) compatible
    with the National Structural Code of the Philippines.

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