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    A Comparitive Study To Find Bend Thickness Calculation Using PASS START ELEMENT TOOL

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    Jafer Sayed
    This document describes calculating the thickness of a long radius bend using the ASME B31.3 code and PASS START ELEMENT tool. It provides the design parameters, calculations, and concludes that the real bend wall thickness is often greater than the matching pipe wall thickness, leading to underestimated loads and stresses in stress analyses if not properly accounted for. The example calculates a required bend thickness of 8.6 mm, greater than the matching pipe thickness of 7.54 mm. It warns that stresses may be underestimated if the actual greater bend thickness is not used in stress analyses.

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    A Comparitive Study To Find Bend Thickness Calculation Using PASS START ELEMENT TOOL

    Uploaded by

    Jafer Sayed
    110 views14 pages
    This document describes calculating the thickness of a long radius bend using the ASME B31.3 code and PASS START ELEMENT tool. It provides the design parameters, calculations, and concludes that the real bend wall thickness is often greater than the matching pipe wall thickness, leading to underestimated loads and stresses in stress analyses if not properly accounted for. The example calculates a required bend thickness of 8.6 mm, greater than the matching pipe thickness of 7.54 mm. It warns that stresses may be underestimated if the actual greater bend thickness is not used in stress analyses.

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    A Comparitive Study to Find Bend Thickness Calculation Using PASS START ELEMENT TOOL

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    This document describes calculating the thickness of a long radius bend using the ASME B31.3 code and PASS START ELEMENT tool. It provides the design parameters, calculations, and concludes that the real bend wall thickness is often greater than the matching pipe wall thickness, leading to underestimated loads and stresses in stress analyses if not properly accounted for. The example calculates a required bend thickness of 8.6 mm, greater than the matching pipe thickness of 7.54 mm. It warns that stresses may be underestimated if the actual greater bend thickness is not used in stress analyses.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    110 views14 pages

    A Comparitive Study To Find Bend Thickness Calculation Using PASS START ELEMENT TOOL

    Uploaded by

    Jafer Sayed
    This document describes calculating the thickness of a long radius bend using the ASME B31.3 code and PASS START ELEMENT tool. It provides the design parameters, calculations, and concludes that the real bend wall thickness is often greater than the matching pipe wall thickness, leading to underestimated loads and stresses in stress analyses if not properly accounted for. The example calculates a required bend thickness of 8.6 mm, greater than the matching pipe thickness of 7.54 mm. It warns that stresses may be underestimated if the actual greater bend thickness is not used in stress analyses.

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    The case study demonstrates calculating pipe bend thickness according to the ASME B31.3 code and highlights issues that can arise from underestimating fitting thicknesses.

    The objective is to calculate bend thickness against a pressure load using a special PASS START ELEMENT tool before analysis and then use those values in the actual analysis.

    The key steps in the thickness calculation process include determining the allowable stress, joint quality factor, weld joint reduction factor, coefficient value, and performing the thickness calculation equation.

    Case study to

    calculate thickness of
    Bend against pressure
    load using PASS
    START ELEMENT Tool

    jafar sadiq sayyed


    Application Engineer-Piping

    DHIO Research and Engineering Pvt Ltd.,


    # 28 (Old No 619/1), 2nd Floor, 36th Cross,
    2nd Block, Rajajinagar, Next to Srinivasa
    Kalyana Mantapa, Bangalore-560010 India
    CHALLENGE :
     The objective is to calculate bend thickness by B31.3 code calculation against pressure load
    using special PASS START ELEMENT tool before analysis and using these values in actual
    analysis

     Formula used:

    􀀷􀀩 􀁆􀀍􀀖 􀀏 􀀌􀀷􀀩 􀁔 􀀌􀁠􀀷􀁅􀁠 􀀏 􀀷􀁆􀀍􀀖 􀀏 􀀌􀀖􀀷􀁘􀀍􀀖

    Where P - Design pressure (bar)


    T - Design temperature
    Do - Outside diameter (mm)
    S - Allowable stress Refer to Table A-1 (or Table A-1M) of the ASME B31.3
    E - Joint quality factor Table A-1A or Table A-1B of the ASME B31.3
    W - Weld joint reduction factor Table 302.3.5 of ASME B 31.3 (Refer to Fig. 5)
    Y - Value of co-efficient given (refer to Fig. 6) ASME B 31.3
    C - Corrosion allowance mm.
    PROBLEM STATEMENT :
    Let’s consider the following details for the pipe thickness calculation of a Long radius bend
    􀀏 􀀷􀁆􀀍􀀖 􀀏 􀀌􀀖􀀷􀁘􀀍􀀖
    MOC (Material of Construction) of the pipe – A106 Gr. B
    NPS (Nominal Pipe Size) – 4”
    Manufacturing type of the pipe (SMLS, EFW, ERW) – Seamless (SMLS)
    Design Pressure (PSI) – 1200 PSIG (82.5 bar)
    Design Temperature – 500° F (260 C)
    Mechanical, corrosion and erosion allowances – 3 mm
    Mill Tolerance – 12.50% of the thickness
    Input given:
    Design code - B31.3
    pipe OD D - 114 mm
    material of bend - A106 G B
    Tempreture T - 260 C
    Pressure P - 82.6 bar
    mill tolerance - 12.5%
    Corrosion allowance C - 3
    Longitudinal weld reduction W - 1
    factor
    Factor Y - 0.4
    Joint quality factor E - 1
    SOLUTION :
    Given :
    O.D of pipe
    D = 114.3 mm
    SOLUTION :

    Allowable stress of
    material

    From table
    he allowable stress for
    ASTM A106 Gr. B is
    19,000 psi at 500°F
    Equiv
    131 MPa
    SOLUTION :

    Joint Quality factor E = 1


    SOLUTION :

    The weld joint strength reduction factor, W, is the ratio of the nominal stress to cause the
    failure of a weld joint to that of the corresponding base material for an elevated temperature
    condition of the same duration. It only applies at weld locations in longitudinal or spiral (helical
    seam) welded piping components.

    From table W = 1
    SOLUTION :

    Y: Values of Coefficient from Table 304.1.1,


    The factor “Y” depends on temperature. At elevated temperatures, the factor Y
    increases leading to a decrease in the calculated required pipe wall thickness.

    From table Y = 0.4


    CALCULATION :

    t=(8.27*114.3)/{2(131*1*1/1.25)+8.27*0.4)}=4.37 mm; Hence


    calculated thickness (t)= =4.37 mm

    tc = t + c = 4.37 + 3
    tc = 7.37 mm
    Intrados
    I = 4(1.5)-1/4(1.5)-2
    tm = tc + 12.50 % of the pipe thickness = 1.25
    tm =tc/0.875 =7.37/0.875 = 8.6 mm (This is required
    thickness)

    Pipe thickness for the same data is


    tm = 7.54 mm
    Copy this data to START PROF
    RESULTS :
    CONCLUSION :
    Real Bend Wall Thickness is Greater than the Matching Pipe Wall Thickness

    This is a very serious issue. It leads to an underestimated pump, nozzle,


    and support loads and stresses calculated by ASME B31 codes!
    ASME B16.9 and all ASME B31 codes don’t regulate the bend, tee, and reducer wall
    thickness. Only the pipe wall thickness is regulated. So many people think that the
    elbows and other fittings have the same or almost the same wall thickness as the
    matching pipe. But in most cases, the real bend, tee, reducer body wall thickness is
    greater than matching pipe wall thickness with the same Schedule.
    For elbows, the real wall thickness can be 10%-40% greater than the matching pipe. Because
    bends must have greater wall thickness to hold the same pressure as the connected straight
    pipe
    CONCLUSION :
    This problem quite often comes to light when Russian companies try to check the design made
    according to ASME B31 codes for the Russian market. While rechecking the stress analysis using
    PASS/START-PROF software according to GOST codes a lot of error messages appear. They say that the
    wall thickness of the elbows is lower than the minimum required one to hold the pressure because it is
    usually left blank in CAESAR II and software takes fitting thickness equal to connected pipe WT in the
    piping stress model. When the real elbow wall thickness entered and model recalculated, the nozzle
    loads and stresses become much greater than it was calculated in CAESAR II and other software! That’s
    because the elbow flexibility k-factors used during analysis was incorrect.
    Thank you
    DHIO Research & Engineering Pvt Ltd.,
    # 28 (Old No 619/1), 2nd Floor, 36th Cross,
    2nd Block, Rajajinagar, Next to Srinivasa
    Kalyana Mantapa, Bangalore-560010 India

    Email : [email protected]
    Web : www.dhioresearch.com

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