PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM UNIT (COMPONENTS)

 The computer system unit is the box-like structure that people

erroneously refer to as the CPU. Inside the system unit, expect to find;

1. Motherboard. 6. Floppy drive

2. Processor. 7. Hard disk
3. Memory (RAM) 8. CD-ROM, CD-RW, or DVD-ROM drive
4. Case/chassis. 9. Video Card
5. Power supply. 10. Sound Card
THE PROCESSOR
“The brain and the heart of
the computer system”
they are built in different architecture
like 64 bit and 32 bit with
maximum speed and flexible
capacity.
The major types of CPU are classified
as single-core, dual-core, Quad-
core, Hexa core, Octa-core, and
Deca core processor
SINGLE-CORE CPU

“It is the oldest type of CPU which is available and

employed in most of the personal and official computers.
The single-core CPU can execute only one command at a
time and its not efficient in multi-tasking.”
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DUAL-CORE CPU

“It is a single CPU that comprises of two strong cores and

functions like dual CPU acting like one. Unlike the CPU with a
single core, the processor must switch back and forth within a
variable array of data streams and if or more thread is executed,
the dual-core CPU manages the multitasking effectively.”
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QUAD-CORE CPU

“The quad-core CPU is a refined model of multiple core CPU features and
design with four cores on a single CPU. Similar to dual-core CPU, that
divides the workload in between the cores, and quad-core enables for
effective multitasking. It doesn’t signify any single operation which is four
times faster rapid than others.”
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HEXA-CORE CPU

“It is another multiple core processor which is

available with six cores and can execute the task
which works rapidly than the quad-core and
dual-core processors.”
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OCTA-CORE CPU

“The octa processors are developed with eight independent

cores to execute an effective task that is efficient and even
acts rapidly than quad-core processors. Trending octa-core
processors comprises of a dual set of quad-core processors
that divides different activities between the various types.”
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DECA-CORE CPU

“Deca-core is available with ten independent systems that are deployed to

execute and manage the task that is successful than other processors that are
developed until now. Owning a PC, or any device made with a deca-core
processor is the best option. It is faster than other processors and very
successful in multi-tasking. Deca-core processors are trending with its
advanced features. ”
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THE MOTHERBOARD

“The motherboard is a printed circuit board and foundation of a computer

that is the biggest board in a computer chassis. It allocates power and
allows communication to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other
computer hardware components.”

Each type of motherboard is designed to work with specific types of processors and
memory, so they don't work with every processor and type of memory. However,
hard drives are mostly universal and work with the majority of motherboards,
regardless of the type or brand.
TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD
PARTS OF MOTHERBOARD
PART OF MOTHERBOARD (LABELS)
11. Front Panel Header
1. Processor Core Voltage Connector 12V (4
pin) 12. Audio Front panel header
2. Processor Socket 13. PS/2 Mouse port
3. Memory Slots 14. PS/2 Keyboard port
4. Processor Fan Header 15. USB ports
5. Main Power Connector (2x12 pin) 16. HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)
port
6. SATA Ports
17. VGA (Video Graphic Array) port
7. PCI Express 3.0 x16 connector
18. LAN (Local Area Network) port
8. CMOS RAM Battery
19. Microphone audio port
9. PCI Express 2.0 x1 connector
20. Line in Speaker audio port
10. USB 2.0 ports
21. Line out audio port
THE COMPUTER CASE

“the computer cases are a visible part

of our computers which are also
called PC towers and Computer
towers. It is used to serve as a
protective structure for the rest of the
internal components like
motherboard, RAM, Hard drive,
cooling fans, and other expansion
cards from the external influences.”
THE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)

“Alternatively referred to as main memory, primary memory, or system

memory, RAM (random-access memory) is a hardware device that allows
information to be stored and retrieved on a computer. RAM is usually
associated with DRAM, which is a type of memory module. Because data is
accessed randomly instead of sequentially like it is on a CD or hard drive, 
access times are much faster. However, unlike ROM, RAM is a 
volatile memory and requires power to keep the data accessible. If the
computer is turned off, all data contained in RAM is lost.”
THE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)

“Static Random Access

Memory module is a type
of RAM that retains the data
bits in its memory as long
as power is being
supplied. .”
THE RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)

“Dynamic Random
Access Memory is a
type of RAM module
that stores each bit of
data within a separate
capacitor.”
THE HARD DRIVE

”A computer hard drive (or a hard disk or HDD) is one kind

of technology that stores the operating system, applications,
and data files such a documents, pictures and music that
your computer uses. The rest of the components in your
computer work together to show you the applications and
files stored on your hard drive.”
TYPES OF HARD DRIVE
Parallel Advanced Technology
Attachment (PATA)
 
 They provided a common drive
interface technology for
connecting hard drives and other
For Desktop Computer For Laptop Computer
devices to computers.
 Data transfer rate can go up to
133MB/s and a maximum of 2
devices can be connected to a drive
channel.
TYPES OF HARD DRIVE
Serial Advanced Technology
Attachment (SATA)
 
 can transfer data faster than PATA
types by using serial signaling
technology.
 cables are thinner and more For Desktop Computer For Laptop Computer
flexible than PATA cables.
 Disks do not share bandwidth
because there is only one disk drive
allowed per SATA controller chip
on the computer motherboard.
TYPES OF HARD DRIVE
Small Computer System Interfaces
(SCSI)
 
 They are faster.
 They are very reliable.
 Good for 24/7 operations.
For Desktop Computer
 Have a better scalability and
flexibility in arrays.
 Well-adapted for storing and
moving large amounts of data.
TYPES OF HARD DRIVE
Solid State Drive (SSD)
 
 Faster data access.
 Less susceptible to shock.
 Lower access times and
latency. For Laptop Computer

 Durability.
 Less power usage.
PARTS OF HARD DRIVE
THE OPTICAL DRIVE

” An Optical Drive refers to a computer system that allows users to

use DVDs, CDs and Blu-ray optical drives. The Drive contains
some lenses that project electromagnetic waves that are
responsible for reading and writing data on optical discs. Optical
drives are integral parts of electronics devices such as VCD
players, CD players, Blu-ray players, DVD players, and certain
video games consoles such as Microsoft Xbox one, Sony
PlayStation 2, 3&4 and Nintendo Wii U..”
TYPES OF OPTICAL DRIVE
Compact Disc Read Only Memory
Drive (CD-ROM)
 
 read only audio & data CD
discs, and usually CD-R/CD-
RW writable discs.
 cannot read DVD-Video,
DVD-Audio, or DVD-
ROM discs and that it cannot
write discs. 
TYPES OF OPTICAL DRIVE
Digital Video Disc Read Only
Memory Drive (DVD-ROM)
 
 read CD-ROM, and CD-R/RW
discs, but they also read DVD-
Video, DVD-ROM, and
(sometimes) DVD-Audio discs. 
 are read-only devices, and
cannot write discs. 
 
TYPES OF OPTICAL DRIVE
Compact Disc Writable Drive (CD-
RW)
 
 also called CD writers, CD burners,
or CD recorders
 read the same formats as CD-ROM
drives CD-ROM, and CD-R/RW discs
but can also write data to inexpensive
CD-R (write-once) and CD-RW
(rewritable) discs.
 do not read DVD discs

 
TYPES OF OPTICAL DRIVE

DVD ROM/CD-RW DRIVE

 
 Combo drives combine the
functionality of a DVD-ROM drive
and a CD-RW drive
 Can read and write both CD-DVD
disks.

 
PARTS OF OPTICAL DRIVE
THE POWER SUPPLY

” Abbreviated as PS or P/S, a power supply or PSU (power

supply unit) is a hardware component of a computer that supplies
all other components with power. The power supply converts a
110-115 or 220-230 volt AC (alternating current) into a steady
low-voltage DC (direct current) usable by the computer and rated
by the number of watts it generates. The image shows an Antec
 True 330, a 330 Watt power supply. .”
PARTS OF POWER SUPPLY

4 pins ATX power

connector
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