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General Mathematics: Inverse Function & Its Graph

1. The inverse of a function switches the x- and y-values of the ordered pairs that define the function. 2. The domain of the original function becomes the range of the inverse function, and the range of the original function becomes the domain of the inverse function. 3. To find the inverse of a function, solve the original equation for y and switch the x- and y-variables, changing it to functional notation.

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176 views21 pages

General Mathematics: Inverse Function & Its Graph

1. The inverse of a function switches the x- and y-values of the ordered pairs that define the function. 2. The domain of the original function becomes the range of the inverse function, and the range of the original function becomes the domain of the inverse function. 3. To find the inverse of a function, solve the original equation for y and switch the x- and y-variables, changing it to functional notation.

Uploaded by

John Mark Matibag
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL MATHEMATICS

Module 1.3

INVERSE FUNCTION & ITS GRAPH


Inverses of Functions
Inverse of a relation
 The inverse of the ordered pairs (x, y) is the
set of all ordered pairs (y, x).

 The Domain of the function is the range of the


inverse and the Range of the function is the
Domain of the inverse.

1 In other words, switch the


 Symbol: f ( x) x’s and y’s!
Example: {(1,2), (2, 4), (3, 6), (4, 8)}

Inverse:

  2 ,1  ,  4 , 2  ,  6 , 3  ,  8 , 4 
Function notation? What is really
happening when you find the
inverse?

Find the inverse of f(x)=4x-2


x *4 -2 4x-2

(x+2)/4 /4 +2 x

f 1
 x   x  2
So
4
To find an inverse…
 Switch the x’s and y’s.

 Solve for y.

 Change to functional notation.


Find Inverse: f ( x )  8 x  1
f ( x)  8 x  1
y  8x  1
x  8 y 1
8 y  x 1
x 1
y
8
x 1
f  x 
1

8
Find Inverse: f ( x )  8 x  2
f ( x)  8 x  2
y  8x  2
x  8y  2
8y  x  2
x2
y
8
1 x2
f 
8
FA #1: Find Inverse:
3x  1
f  x 
2
3x  1 3x  1
f ( x)  y
2
2 x
3y 1
2
3 y  1  2x
3 y  2x 1
2x 1
y
3
2x 1
f 1 
3
FA #2: Find Inverse:
f  x  x  4
2
2
f (x)  x  4
y  x 4
2

x y 4
2

y  x4
2

y  x4
1
f ( x)   x  4
Draw the inverse. Compare to the
line y = x. What do you notice?
y  x
  5,3  3,5
  4,2  2,4
  3,1 1,3
  2,1 1,2
 1,1 1,1
 0,1 1,0
1,5  5,1
Graph the inverse of the following:

The function and


x y its inverse are
symmetric with
0 -5
-3 -4 respect to the
1 2 Line y = x.
1 4
How Does an Inverse Exist
  
Things to note..
 The domain of f 1
 x is the range of f(x).

 The graph of an inverse function can be found


by reflecting a function in the line y=x.

Check this by plotting y = 3x + 1 and


x  1 on your graphic calculator.
y
3 Take a look
5
y=3x+1
Reflecting..
4

3 y=x
2
1
y=(x-1)/3
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1
-2
-3

-4
-5
Composition and Inverses
 If f and g are functions and
( f  g )( x)   g  f  x   x,
then f and g are inverses of one
another.

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Example: Show that the following are
inverses of each other.

1 2
f  x   7 x  2 and g  x   x 
7 7
 1 2
f  g  x   7 x    2
 g  f  x   1  7 x  2   2
7 7
7 7
2 2
 x22  x 
7 7
x x

The composition of each both produce


a value of x; Therefore, they are inverses
of each other.
FA #3: Are f & g inverses?

f ( x)  x3  4
g ( x)  3 x  4

Send your answer via messenger


until 8:00 pm today
Notice that the x and y values These functions are
Let’s consider
traded places for the function
the  
functionf x  2reflections
x  1 and of each other
computeandsome values and graph them.
its inverse. about the line y = x

x f (x)
f  x  2x  1
-2
-1
-3
-1
f 1  x   .5 x  .5 (2,5)
(5,2)
0 1 x f -1(x)
1 3
-3 -2
2 5 (-3,-2) f 1  x   .5 x  .5
-1 -1
Let’s take the
values we got out
1 0 (-2,-3)
of the function and 3 1
put them into the 5 2
inverse function
and plot them
Yes, so it will have an inverse
Is this a one-to-one function?
function
Notice that the x and y values
Let’s consider
traded the
places for function f
function
the  x   xreflections
3 These functions are
and compute
of each other
some values
and its and graph them.
inverse. about the line y = x

x f (x) (2,8)
f  x  x3
-2
-1
-8
-1
f 1
 x  3 x
(8,2)
0 0 x f -1(x)
1 1
2 8 -8 -2 f 1  x   3 x
-1 -1
Let’s take the (-8,-2)
values we got out
0 0
of the function and 1 1
put them into the 8 2
(-2,-8)
inverse function
and plot them
Yes, so it will have an inverse
Is this a one-to-one function?
function
What will “undo” a cube? A cube root
To sum up.....
y = f(x) y=x

The graph of a
function and
its inverse are y = f-1(x)
mirror images
about the line

y=x

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