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Mathematics & Computer Programming: Toqeer Mahmood

The document discusses the setw manipulator in C++, which sets the width of output on the output device. It also discusses relational operators like ==, !=, >, etc. and shows examples of conditional and if-else statements to execute code based on conditions.

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FILZAH HASHMI
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29 views16 pages

Mathematics & Computer Programming: Toqeer Mahmood

The document discusses the setw manipulator in C++, which sets the width of output on the output device. It also discusses relational operators like ==, !=, >, etc. and shows examples of conditional and if-else statements to execute code based on conditions.

Uploaded by

FILZAH HASHMI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mathematics & Computer

Programming

Toqeer Mahmood
Dept. of Civil Engg.
UET, Taxila
Lecture
#
04
The “setw” Manipulator
 “setw” stands for set width.
 “setw” is used to set width of the output on the output
device.
 “setw” is used to specify the width for an output. This
output is printed right justified in the specified width.
Syntax: setw(n);
where ‘n’ specifies the width of the output field in numbers
e.g. cout<<setw(10)<<“Punjab”<<setw(10)<<“Islamabad”;
 “setw” manipulator required an header file that is required
to be included in the program
# include <iomanip.h>
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
P u n j a b I s l a m a b a d
Relational Operators
In order to evaluate a comparison between two expressions
The result of a relational operation is a Boolean value i.e. True or False.
Here is a list of the relational and equality operators that can be used in
C++
== Equal to
!= Not equal to
> Greater than
< Less than
>= Greater than or equal to
<= Less than or equal to
examples: (7 == 5)Evaluates to false.
(5 > 4) Evaluates to true.
(3 != 2) Evaluates to true.
(6 >= 6)Evaluates to true.
(5 < 5) Evaluates to false.
Conditional operator ( ? : )
The conditional operator evaluates an expression and return a value if that
expression is true and a different one if the expression is evaluated as
false.

Syntax:
{condition} ? {exp1} : {exp2}

Condition: represents the test condition. If the condition is true then


Exp1 will be executed and if the condition is false then Exp2 will execute.

Exp1 & Exp2: represent two expressions. It may be arithmetic


expressions or constant values. Input/output statements can also be used.
Conditional operator ( ? : )
Sample Program
// conditional operator
#include <iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main ()
{
int a, b, c;
a=2;
b=7; Output
c = (a>b) ? a : b;
cout << c; C=7
return 0;
}
Conditional Statement
“If”
Statement
“Switch” Statement
“If” Statement
The “if statement” is used to execute a set
of statements after testing a condition.
“if statement” have two part i.e. TRUE
and FALSE
If the condition is true then the TRUE
part executes and if the condition is false
then the FALSE part executes.
“If” Statement
 Syntax: (Simple if statement)

if (condition)
statement;

if (condition)
{ statement 1;
statement 2;
………
statement n;}

where condition specifies a condition or a relational


expression.
“If” Statement – Flow Chart

FALSE Condition TRUE

Set of statements

Statements after if
structure
“If – else” statement
This is another for of the “if statement”.
Used for two way decision depending of the
given condition.
If the test condition is true then the TRUE block
of statement/s executes otherwise FALSE part
executes.


“If – else” statement
 Syntax: (condition) ? Exp 1: Exp 2
if (condition)
statement;
else
statement;

if (condition)
{ statement 1;
statement 2; }
else
{ statement 1;
statement 2; }
“If – else” statement

FALSE Condition TRUE

Set of statement/s Set of statement/s

Statements after if
structure
“Nested If” statement
 When we use an “if statement” within another “if statement” is known as “nested if”
statement

If (condition)
{
if (condition)
{
statement/s
}
statement/s
}
else
{
if (condition)
{
statement/s
}
statement/s
}
Lab work
Write a program to input a number and show
that the input number is EVEN or ODD
(using if statement and conditional operator )
Write a program to input two numbers and
show the greater number (using conditional
operator and if-else statement)
Write a program to input three integer
values. Compare the three values to find out
if they are equal or not equal (using nested if
statement)
Practice Assignment
Write a program to input three integer
values. Compare the numbers and show
the highest number or lowest number
Write a program to input two values then
input an arithmetic operator and perform
the related operation and show the result
of that arithmetic operation.
Example condition: if(ch==‘+’)

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