Major Difference Between Micro and Macro Economics
Microeconomics focuses on individual units like consumers and firms, and analyzes how small parts of the economy work. Macroeconomics looks at aggregates for the entire economy, such as unemployment, GDP, and inflation. It analyzes economy-wide issues and performance. While microeconomics is static and assumes full employment, macroeconomics is dynamic and studies under employment situations.
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Major Difference Between Micro and Macro Economics
Microeconomics focuses on individual units like consumers and firms, and analyzes how small parts of the economy work. Macroeconomics looks at aggregates for the entire economy, such as unemployment, GDP, and inflation. It analyzes economy-wide issues and performance. While microeconomics is static and assumes full employment, macroeconomics is dynamic and studies under employment situations.
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Micro Vs Macro Economics
Definition of Micro Economics
• Microeconomics is the branch of economics that concentrates on the behaviour and performance of the individual units, i.e. consumers, family, industry, firms. • Here, the demand plays a key role in determining the quantity and the price of a product along with the price and quantity of related goods (complementary goods) and substitute products, so as to make a judicious decision regarding the allocation of scarce resources, concerning their alternative uses. • Examples: Individual Demand, Price of a product, etc. Definition of Macro Economics • Macroeconomics is the branch of economics that concentrates on the behaviour and performance of aggregate variables and those issues which affect the whole economy. • It includes regional, national and international economies and covers the major areas of the economy like unemployment, poverty, general price level, GDP (Gross Domestic Product), imports and exports, economic growth, globalisation, monetary/ fiscal policy, etc. • It helps in resolving the various problems of the economy, thereby enabling it to function efficiently. • Examples: Aggregate Demand, National Income, etc. The Major Differences between Micro and Macroeconomics Micro Economics Macro Economics • Micro’ means small. It is a • Macro’ means large. It is a study of individuals or groups. study of economy as a whole. •A study of particular • It deals with aggregate of households, particular firms, these quantities. A study of particular industries, particular the national income, the commodities, particular prices general price level and the etc. national output. • The objective of • The objectives of microeconomics is to macroeconomics are full maximise utility or employment, price stability, maximisation of profit or economic growth, favourable minimisation of cost. balance of payments etc. Micro Economics Macro Economics • The basis of • The bases of microeconomics is the price macroeconomics are the mechanism which operates national income, output, with the help of demand and employment and the general supply forces. These forces price level which are help to determine the determined by aggregate equilibrium price in the demand and aggregate market. supply.
• Microeconomics is based on • Macroeconomics uses the
the assumption of ‘ceteris technique of general paribus’ (It means other equilibrium analysis that things remaining constant) to studies aggregate economic explain the various laws. variables and their interrelations. Micro Economics Macro Economics • Microeconomics is a static • Macroeconomics is a analysis . dynamic analysis. • Microeconomics assumes • Macroeconomics assumes a full employment, optimum situation of less than full allocation of total employment. It studies under resources and general employment. It takes general price level as given. price level as variable and assumes price of a particular • Microeconomic problems product or factor as given. are many. It possesses • Macroeconomics seeks maximum generality and practical understanding of an applicability to a wide economy. So macroeconomic range of situations. problems are relatively few and so are their specific solutions. Micro Economics Macro Economics • Under micro study the main • Under macro study the problem is of price main problem is income determination. determination. • Micro study is based on the • Macro study is based on the objective of optimum objective of full allocation of resources employment of total resources.