Scribd
Upload
47 views18 pages

Basic Concept in Statistics

Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. The data collected from 12pm to 5pm on waste intake is: 12pm - 5 pieces of waste 1pm - 8 pieces 2pm - 6 pieces 3pm - 4 pieces 4pm - 7 pieces 5pm - 9 pieces 2. To find the measures of central tendency for the teacher's ages: Mean = (21 + 25 + 26 + 24 + 20 + 32 + 22 + 21 + 26 + 26 + 26) / 11 = 25 Median = 26 (the middle value when the data is arranged in ascending order) Mode = 26 (the value that occurs most frequently) Therefore, the mean is 25

Uploaded by

Chrissa Pascua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views18 pages

Basic Concept in Statistics

Here are the steps to solve this problem: 1. The data collected from 12pm to 5pm on waste intake is: 12pm - 5 pieces of waste 1pm - 8 pieces 2pm - 6 pieces 3pm - 4 pieces 4pm - 7 pieces 5pm - 9 pieces 2. To find the measures of central tendency for the teacher's ages: Mean = (21 + 25 + 26 + 24 + 20 + 32 + 22 + 21 + 26 + 26 + 26) / 11 = 25 Median = 26 (the middle value when the data is arranged in ascending order) Mode = 26 (the value that occurs most frequently) Therefore, the mean is 25

Uploaded by

Chrissa Pascua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Basic Concept in

Statistics
Statistic - a science which deals
with the methods in the
collection, gathering,
presentation, analysis and
interpretation of data

Importance of Statistic
 It is a way to more easily understand a certain topic or presentation.
 It makes the gathers data easy to compute especially in surveys.
 Ideas can easily be analyzed and studies can be given conclusions at once.
 Answers questions can be defined.
Types of Statistic Method

A. Descriptive Statistic
It is concerned methods of collecting, organizing,
and presenting data appropriately and creatively to describe
or assess group characteristics. (Summarizing the Data)

B. Inferential Statistics
It is concerned with inferring or drawing conclusions
like decisions, predictions, or generalizations about the set of
data
Important Terms in Statistic
A. Populations – complete set or totality of the observations
B. Samples – subset of a population.
C. Parameter – numerical value that describes a characteristics of population
D. Statistic – numerical value describing a characteristic of a sample
E. Data – constitutes the information gathered from the elements under
investigation
a. Grouped Data – data that has been bundled together in categories
b. Ungrouped Data – raw data
F. Variable – a characteristic that changes overtime
- an observable characteristic that can be measured or classified
a. Quantitative Variable – values that assume numerical values
b. Qualitative Variable – values that can be categorized according to
some distinct characteristic (has no numerical value)
How to Gather Data?
A. Direct Method (Interview)

B. Indirect Method (Questionnaire)

C. Observation

D. Experimentation

E. Data Sources – sources/data that can get


in journals, researches and the likes
How to Represent Data?
A. Line Graph B. Pie/Circle Graph

C. Bar Graph D. Histogram


F. Table (of Frequency)
Measures of Central Tendency
- a numerical descriptive measures which indicate or locate the center of a
distribution or data set

In layman’s term, a measure of central tendency is an AVERAGE. It is a single


number of value which can be considered typical in a set of data as a whole
MEAN -the sum of all the measurements divided by the number of
measurements in the set

Among the three measures of central tendency, the mean is the most
popular and widely used. It is sometimes called the arithmetic mean.
If we compute the mean of the population, we call it the parametric or
population mean, denoted by μ (read “mu”).
If we get the mean of the sample, we call it the sample mean and it is
denoted by (read “x bar”).
Example:
Ms. Sulit collects the data on the ages of Mathematics teachers in Santa
Rosa School, and her study yields the following:
38 35 28 36 35 33 40
Solution:

= 35
Based on the computed mean, 35 is the average age of Mathematics
teachers in SRS.
Weighted Mean Example
Below are Amaya’s subjects and the corresponding
Weighted mean is the mean of a set of values wherein each number of units and grades she got for the previous
grading period. Compute her grade point average.
value or measurement has a different weight or degree of
importance. The following is its formula: Subject Units Grade
Filipino .9 86
English 1.5 85
Mathematics 1.5 88
where = mean
Science 1.8 87
x = measurement or value Social Studies .9 86
w = number of measurements TLE 1.2 83
MAPEH 1.2 87

= 86.1

Amaya’s average grade is 86.1


Properties of Mean

1. Mean can be calculated for any set of numerical data,


so it always exists.
2. A set of numerical data has one and only one
mean.
3. Mean is the most reliable measure of central tendency since it
takes into account every item in the set of data.
4. It is greatly affected by extreme or deviant values
(outliers)
5. It is used only if the data are interval or ratio.
MEDIAN (Md) - the middle value of the sample when data are ranked in
order according to size

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Properties of Median

1. Median is the score or class in the distribution wherein 50% of the


score fall below it and another 50% lie.
2. Median is not affected by extreme or deviant values.
3. Median is appropriate to use when there are
extreme or deviant values.
4. Median is used when the data are ordinal.
5. Median exists in both quantitative or qualitative
data.
MODE (Mo) - the value which occurs frequently in a set of measurements
or values
Examples: Find the Mode.
1. The ages of five students are: 17, 18, 23, 20, and 19
Mo = None
2. The following are the descriptive evaluations of 5
teachers: VS, S, VS, VS, O
Mo = VS
3. The grades of five students are : 4.0, 3.5, 4.0, 3.5, and 1.0

Mo = 4.0 and 3.5

4. The weights of five boys in pounds are: 117, 218, 233, 120, and 117
Mo = 117
Properties

1. It is used when you want to find the value which occurs


most often.
2. It is a quick approximation of the average.
3. It is an inspection average.
4. It is the most unreliable among the three measures of central
tendency because its value is undefined in some
observations.
Activity 4.5
A. Represent the data you will gather from 12pm to 5 pm of how many
waster you in take within this hours.
B. Ms. Chrissa collects the data on the age of teachers in CSM, and her study
yields the following:
21, 25,26, 24, 20, 32, 22, 21 ,26 , 26 , 26

Find the mean, median and mode in the given data.

You might also like