Scribd
Upload
68 views15 pages

Grammatical Units in English

The document outlines several grammatical units in English including words, phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, and essays. It provides examples of types of words like nouns, verbs, adjectives. It also gives examples of types of phrases like noun phrases, verb phrases, prepositional phrases. Examples of clauses include noun clauses, adjective clauses, adverbial clauses. Sentence structures covered are simple, compound, and complex sentences.

Uploaded by

Tam Huynh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
68 views15 pages

Grammatical Units in English

The document outlines several grammatical units in English including words, phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, and essays. It provides examples of types of words like nouns, verbs, adjectives. It also gives examples of types of phrases like noun phrases, verb phrases, prepositional phrases. Examples of clauses include noun clauses, adjective clauses, adverbial clauses. Sentence structures covered are simple, compound, and complex sentences.

Uploaded by

Tam Huynh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

GRAMMATICAL UNITS IN ENGLISH

• WORD
• PHRASE
• CLAUSE
• SENTENCE
• PARAGRAPH
• ESSAY
WORDS
• 1. Noun (naming word) • 8. Article (modifying word)
• 2. Verb (action word) • 9. Interjection (expressive word)
• 3. Adj (describing word) • * Determiner: Identifier & quantifier (many, any,
all, ...)
• 4. Adv (describing a verb)
• - Identifier: + Article (a, an, the)
• 5. Preposition (showing relationship) + Possessive (my, your, his,
• 6. Pronoun (replacing a noun) her, ...)
+ Demonstrative (this, that, these,
• 7. Conjunction (joining word) those)
• 1. Noun phrase (=N)
• 2. Verb phrase (=V) PH
RA
• 3. Adj phrase (=Adj) SES
• 4. Adv phrase (=Adv)
• 5. Prepositional phrase (=Adj, Adv)
• 6. Gerund phrase (=N)
• 7. Infinitive phrase (=N, Adj, Adv)
• 8. Participle phrase (= Adj)
• 9. Absolute phrase (= whole sentence)
CL
CLAUSES (independent: chính)
A US
ES
S +V
expresses a complete idea
• I. NOUN CLAUSES
CL
•
•
1. That clause (I don’t think that you will come with us.)
2. Subjunctive noun clause (It is important that a car be waiting when we arrive.)
A US
• 3. WH - question clause (I don’t understand what you mean.) ES
• 4. Yes/No – question (I don’t know if she will come.)
• II. ADJ CLAUSE (RELATIVE CLAUSE)
• 1. Relative pronouns as Subject (He has three sisters who/that are teachers.)
• 2. Relative pronouns as Object (He is the applicant (whom/who/that) we interviewed.)
• 3. Relative pronouns as Object of Prepositions (The woman to whom Jane is talking is so pretty.)
• 4. Relative pronouns in Phrases of Quantity (They selected five candidates, one of whom would get the job.)
• 5. Possessive relative clauses (Subject & Object pattern) (I know a man whose father is a lawyer.)
(The car whose lines I love is beautiful.)

• 6. Relative adverbial clauses: Where/When/Why


• III. ADVERBIAL CLAUSES
• Time, place, reason, comparison, condition, manner, purpose, results, etc.
SENTENCES (function)
• Passive voice
• Conditionals
• Wishes
• Reported Speech
• Comparisons
• ...
SENTENCES (structure)
I. Simple sentence (an independent clause )
II. Compound sentence (2 or more independent clauses)
1. S1+V1, coordinator (FANBOYS) S2+V2.
2. S1+V1; conjunctive adv, S2+V2.
3. S1+V1; S2+V2.
III. Complex sentence (1 independent clause and 1 or more dependent clause )
3 types of dependent clauses: Noun clause, Adj clause, Adv clause
IV. Compound – complex sentence (2 independent clauses and 1 or more dependent)
GRAMMATICAL UNITS IN ENGLISH

• WORD
• PHRASE
• CLAUSE
• SENTENCE
• PARAGRAPH
• ESSAY
• I. Verb – Verb phrase
GRAM
1. Definition MA R
2. Principal parts of a verb (Base, present, past, past participle)
1
3. Types of verb: 3. 1. Ordinary Vs (Action Vs & Linking Vs)
3. 2. Auxiliary Vs (Be, Have, Do & Modal verbs)
4. Verbs in use: Finite Vs & Non-finite Vs (Gerund, infinitive, participle)
5. Voices (Active and Passive voice)
6. Moods (Indicative, imperative, subjunctive)
7. Tenses
• II. Noun – Noun phrase – Noun clause GR
1. Definition 2. Types of noun
AM
MA
3. Formation 4. Functions R 1
• III. Article
1. Types of articles
2. Rules
• IV. Pronoun
1. Definition
2. Types of pronoun
GRAMMAR 1 - TOPICS
• Topic 1: Verb – Verb phrase
+ Modals
+ Infinitives, Gerunds & Participles
+ Tenses (past, present, future)
• Topic 2: Nouns – Noun phrase - Noun clause
• Topic 3: Articles
• Topic 4: Pronouns & Determiners
I. Choose the best answer to complete each sentence. (30 points – 30 sentences)
1. My sister _______ to me once or twice since she’s been living in Athens.
A. was writing C. has written Fi n
B. has been writing D. had written al Tes
II. Complete the sentences by using the words in bold. Use two to five words. (40
t
points – 10 sentences)
Kevin doesn’t mind working long hours. (used)
Kevin ….is used to working…. long hours.
III. Identify the one underlined expression that must be changed in order to
correct the sentence and rewrite the correct one. (30 points – 10 sentences)
A new company has taken over the office which located next to yours and it’s going
A B
to be redecorated after it’s been cleaned up a bit.
C D
=> B: is located
1ST EXERCISE
• Make examples for each type of Phrases according to GUs in English.
• Make examples for each type of Dependent clauses according to GUs in
English.
• Make examples for 4 types of Sentence according to GUs in English.

You might also like