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Introduction To Computer Programming

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21 views

Introduction To Computer Programming

Uploaded by

Rachelle Cahayon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Computer

Programming
What is Computer Program?

• A computer program is a series of instructions written to perform a specified


task on a computer. A computer needs a program to work. The program has
an executable form that the computer can use directly to perform
instructions. A programmer is a person who writes, develops, and debugs
the computer program
What is Programming?
• Programming is the art or process and science of creating/writing programs.
It is the process done by programmers to instruct a computer on how to do
task. It is the process of planning and designing solutions for a particular
problem and then writing the code using a programming language.
What is a Programming Language?

• A programming language is a tool that allows programmers to write


commands or programs that can easily be understood by a person and
translated into codes that are machine-readable. This is the form of
communication that programmers use to develop application, scripts, or
other sets of instructions for a computer to execute.
History of Programming Language
To appreciate programming languages, you will need to review the other
languages that preceded it. Programmers writes a set of instruction called
programs using various programming languages. Some programs are
directly understandable by computers, while others require separate
programs to translate instructions into machine codes. The first
programming languages were invented even before the modern computer
was made.
At the beginning, to program the computer, one must understand the
binary language or commonly known as machine language, which relates
electric switching 0 for of and 1 for on. First modern computers were
created during the 1940s, and by that time programmers are coding using
the assembly language. To convert assembly language into a language that
is readable by the computer, an assemble is used. The assembler is the
world’s first software tool.
In the 1950s, IBM developed FORTRAN (Formula Translating System), a
language that is used for scientific processing. This programming language is
so powerful that it is even used in supercomputers. FORTRAN remained one
of the popular programming languages 50 years after its invention.

By 1959, Conference on Data System Language created COBOL, programming


language for business use. The was to make programming languages English-like,
so that both programmers and management could read it. In 1964, just 5 years
after, John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurts invented a new programming
language called BASIC (Beginner’s All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code). The
said language is designed for timesharing and was intended to make programming
easier for those with less technical background. One of the common examples of
language inspired BASIC is the Microsoft Visual Basic.
During 1968-1969, Nikolaus Wirth designed Pascal, a popular programming
language that time. Pascal was intended to be teaching tool. In 1970s, Ken
Thompson and Dennis Ritchie developed another language called B in Bell
Laboratories, which was inspired from FORTRAN. It was used to code
systems and another language software. Moreover, another language was
developed by Ritchie which is the programming languages are based from C.
Examples of them are C++, Java, Python, and PHP.
Classification of Programming Language
Machine Language – This language is also called the lowest level programming language. Binary numbers
0 and 1 represent codes; each of those digits is also called a bit.
Assembly Language – Use mnemonics in places of 0s and 1s to simplify the programmer’s way of creating
programs.
High-Level Language – allowed programmers to use English commands to carry out instructions.
Examples are : BASIC, COBOL, Pascal, FORTRAN, C, etc.
Object-Oriented/ Event-Driven Programming Language –
the emphasis of creating program was on the objects included in the user
interface like buttons and scroll bars. Examples are : Visual Basic, Delphi, Visual
C++, PROLOG and Smalltalk.
Program Development Process

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