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    Theories On Gender Development

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    John Mark Quijano
    The document discusses several theories of gender development: 1) The biological approach sees gender as determined by biological sex factors like hormones and chromosomes. 2) Freud's psychoanalytic theory sees gender developing during the phallic stage from ages 3-6, with boys and girls taking on roles based on their Oedipus/Electra complexes. 3) Gender schema theory proposes children first learn their own sex and then develop mental frameworks ("schemas") of what it means to be male or female in their culture, guiding their behavior.

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    Theories On Gender Development

    Uploaded by

    John Mark Quijano
    81 views9 pages
    The document discusses several theories of gender development: 1) The biological approach sees gender as determined by biological sex factors like hormones and chromosomes. 2) Freud's psychoanalytic theory sees gender developing during the phallic stage from ages 3-6, with boys and girls taking on roles based on their Oedipus/Electra complexes. 3) Gender schema theory proposes children first learn their own sex and then develop mental frameworks ("schemas") of what it means to be male or female in their culture, guiding their behavior.

    Original Title

    THEORIES ON GENDER DEVELOPMENT

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    The document discusses several theories of gender development: 1) The biological approach sees gender as determined by biological sex factors like hormones and chromosomes. 2) Freud's psychoanalytic theory sees gender developing during the phallic stage from ages 3-6, with boys and girls taking on roles based on their Oedipus/Electra complexes. 3) Gender schema theory proposes children first learn their own sex and then develop mental frameworks ("schemas") of what it means to be male or female in their culture, guiding their behavior.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    81 views9 pages

    Theories On Gender Development

    Uploaded by

    John Mark Quijano
    The document discusses several theories of gender development: 1) The biological approach sees gender as determined by biological sex factors like hormones and chromosomes. 2) Freud's psychoanalytic theory sees gender developing during the phallic stage from ages 3-6, with boys and girls taking on roles based on their Oedipus/Electra complexes. 3) Gender schema theory proposes children first learn their own sex and then develop mental frameworks ("schemas") of what it means to be male or female in their culture, guiding their behavior.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    THEORIES ON

    GENDER
    DEVELOPMENT
    BIOLOGICAL APPROACH
    • The biological approach suggests that there is no
    distinction between sex & gender, thus biological
    sex creates gendered behavior. Gender is
    determined by two biological factors: hormones
    and chromosomes.
    PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
    • Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of gender development suggests that
    gender development takes place during the third stage of his
    psychosexual theory of personality development. He called this the
    phallic stage, which occurs between three and six years old. During
    this stage, the child’s libido is focused on his or her genitals.
    Development of gender in psychoanalytic theory is different for boys
    and for girls: boys experience the Oedipus complex and identify with
    their father and take on a male gender role; girls experience the
    Electra complex (see Jung) and identify with their mother and take on
    a female gender role.
    COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY
    • The term cognition refers to "knowledge" as well as "the
    process of knowing“.
    • The approach that focuses upon the thought processes
    underlying learning.
    • The approach that gives importance to cognition when
    understanding and explaining behavior.
    • This theory gives importance to the internal states of the person
    as well as the environmental events; however it is the thinking
    and perception that is the key factor.
    • Cognitive approach emphasizes thoughts, feelings,
    thinking, values, expectations etc.
    • The core of the cognitive approach is the idea that
    people's thinking determines how they will perceive the
    world, and how these perceptions will be acted upon.
    GENDER SCHEMA THEORY
    • "A schema is a mentally organized network of gender-related
    Information that influences behavior" (Papaliaet al. 2001).
    • Gender schema is a mental framework that organizes and
    guides a child's understanding of information relevant to
    gender. For example information about which toys are for girls
    and which toys are for boys form schema that guides behavior.
    • According to gender schema theory, children first develop a
    simplified concept of male ­female distinctions and later on apply it
    universally (Bem, 1989, 1993). First of all children learn what sex
    they are. Then they develop a concept of what it means to be male or
    female in their culture, and on the basis of the development of this
    concept they begin to take on gender roles.
    • Whatever observations they have of men and women, they organize
    those around the gender schema that they have formed as a result of
    their observation of how their society classifies behaviors as male and
    female including clothes and toys etc.
    SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY
    • This theory specifies how gender conceptions are constructed
    from the complex mix of experiences and how they operate in
    concert with motivational and self-regulatory mechanisms to
    guide gender-linked conduct throughout the life course.
    • The theory integrates psychological and socio-structural
    determinants within a unified conceptual structure. In this
    theoretical perspective, gender conceptions and roles are the
    product of a broad network of social influences operating
    interdependently in a variety of societal subsystems.
    • Human evolution provides bodily structures and
    biological potentialities that permit a range of
    possibilities rather than dictate a fixed type of gender
    differentiation. People contribute to their self-
    development and bring about social changes that define
    and structure gender relationships through their agentic
    actions within the interrelated systems of influence.

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