EDUC 100:: Philosophy of Education and The New Constitution

ASSUMPTION COLLEGE OF NABUNTURAN
Purok 1, Poblacion, Nabunturan, Davao de Oro, 8800
EDUC 100:
Philosophy of Education
and the New Constitution
MODERN
PHILOSOPHIES OF
EDUCATION
Cortez, Fernando Jr. I.
Bandija, Cherry Mae M.
Hubahib, Melvin Jade V.
Tutor, Marlyn M.
Cole, Mary Grace G.
 Idealism
 Pragmatism
 Progressivism
Modern  Existentialism
Philosophies of  Reconstructionism
Education  Perennialism
 Constructivism
 Behaviorism
 Essentialism
IDEALISM
 proposes that ideas are universal and eternal.
 the aim of education is to discover and develop
everyone's abilities and full moral excellence in order to
better serve society. The curriculum emphasis is subject
matter of mind: literature, history, philosophy and
religion.
 Idealists have high expectations of the teacher. It is
believed that students should be taught how to think in
school. The teacher passes on knowledge to the
students, and the students gain and adapt the
knowledge.
Methods of Teaching in Idealism
Lecture and Discussion Method
Questioning Method
Self Study Method
Imitation Method
Meditation and Concentration
Method
What is the role of teacher in Idealism?
 According to this philosophy, the teacher must be
excellent in order to serve as an example for the
student, both intellectually and morally. The teacher
passes on knowledge to the students, and the
students gain and adapt the knowledge.
 Teacher’s role is consist of the following: assisting
students in choosing important material, serving as
exemplary models, encouraging students to ask
questions, and providing a suitable environment in
learning. Idealist have high expectations of the
teacher.
PRAGMATISM
an educational philosophy that says that education
should be teaching students the things that are
practical for life and encourages them to grow into
better people.
an ideology or proposition is true if it works
satisfactorily, that the meaning of a proposition is to be
found in the practical consequence of accepting it, and
that unpractical ideas are to be rejected.
prefers practicality over theory based teaching-
learning process. The whole emphasis is on the child,
not the book of the teacher or the subject
How a pragmatist teacher works?
Pragmatism regards teacher as a helper,
guide and philosopher, The chief function of a
pragmatic teacher is to suggest problems to
his pupil and to stimulate them to find by
themselves the solution which will work. His
main task is to suggest problem to his
student/ pupils and to guide them to find out
solutions.
PROGRESSIVISM
a theory of education that is concerned with “
learning by doing” and it supports (claim to) that
children learn best when pursuing their own interests
and satisfying their own needs.
 educational progressivism believe that education
must be based on the principle that humans are
social animals who learn best in real-life activities
with other people.
progressivist believe that education should focus on
the whole child, rather than on content or the teacher.
Goal of Progressivism
for students to become intelligent
problem solvers
students will be socially aware
citizens who are prepared to live
comfortably in the world.
EXISTENTIALISM
Focusses on individuals freedom to
choose their own purpose in life.
Why Teach?
To help students understand and
appreciate themselves as unique
individual.
To help students define their own essence
EXISTENTIALISM
What to teach?
Students are given a wide variety of option
from which to choose.
Humanities are given emphasis.
How to teach?
Methods focus on the individual
Learning is self-paced and self-directed.
RECONSTRUCTIONISM
Emphasizes the addressing of
social questions and a quest to
create a better society
Why Teach?
To attain social reform
RECONSTRUCTIONISM
What to teach?
Curriculum focusses on student taking
social action in solving real problems
How to teach?
Social issues are dealt through inquiry,
dialogue, and multiple perspective.
Community-based learning is utilized.
PERENNIALISM
is a teacher-centered educational philosophy that focuses
on everlasting ideas and universal truths.
the central aim of education should be to develop the
power of thought.
CURRICULUM
focuses on attaining cultural literacy, stressing student
growth in enduring disciplines.
they recommend that students learn from reading and
analyzing the works by history’s finest thinkers and writers.
Perennialist Method
The education must be subject centered. The
method of study would be reading and
discussion.
Role of Perennialist Teacher

 The teacher must be a master of discipline.
 The teacher has the authority and expertise
not to be questioned.
The Perennialist Classroom
Teacher-centered
Teachers are not concerned about students’
interests or experiences
The student
 passive listener
 active thinker/learner
Implications of Education
Perennialism represents a conservative
theoretical view centered in the authority
of the tradition and the classics.
Truth is universal and does not depend on
the circumstances of place, time, or
person.
CONSTRUCTIVISM
is based on the idea that people
actively construct or make their own
knowledge
is crucial to understand as an
educator because it influences the
way all of your student learn.
Specific Elements and Principle of Constructivism
1. Knowledge is Constructed
 This is the basic principle in constructivism.
2. People learn to learn as they learn
 Learning involves constructing meaning and system of
meaning.
3. Learning is an Active process
 Learning involves sensory input to construct meaning
4. Learning is a Social activity
 Learning is directly associated to our connection with
other people.
Specific Elements and Principle of Constructivism
5. Learning is Contextual
 Student don’t learn isolated facts and theories separate
from the rest of our lives.
6. Knowledge is Personal
 It is because constructivism is based on one’s own
experiences and beliefs.
7. Learning exists in the Mind
 Hands on experiences and physical actions are
necessary for learning, but those element aren’t enough.
8. Motivation is key to learning
 are unable to learn if they are unmotivated
Types of Constructivism
1. Cognitive
 Cognitive constructivism focuses on the idea that learning
should be related to the learner’s stage of cognitive
development.
2. Social
 Social constructivism focuses on the collaborative nature of
learning.
3. Radical
 Radical constructivism is very different from cognitive and
social constructivism. It focuses on the idea that learners and
the knowledge they construct tell us nothing real, only help us
function in our environment.
BEHAVIORISM
Behaviorism in education is a learning theory that only
focuses on objectively observable behaviors and discounts
any independent activities of the mind. Behavior theorists
define learning as nothing more than the acquisition of new
behavior based on environmental conditions.
• Behaviorism is also known as behavioral psychology, a
theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are
acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs
through interaction with the environment. Behaviorists
believe that our responses to environmental stimuli shape
our actions.
Types of Behaviorism
Methodological
- behavior should be studied without connection
to mental states (just behavior)
Psychological
- human and animal behavior is explained
based on external, physical stimuli.
Analytical/Logical
- certain behaviors will arise from particular
mental states and beliefs.
ESSENTIALISM
Essentialism is an approach assuming that people
and things have natural and essential common
characteristics which are inherent, innate and
unchanging.
The Essentialism philosophy of education focuses
two core principles.
First, what is essential to learn is less than what is
important to know.
Second, that the mastery of the essentials is more
important than the pursuit of knowledge.
ESSENTIALISM
Role of Teachers
The teacher should serve as an intellectual and
moral role model for the students.
Role of Students
Students who are taught to be culturally literate, are
required to master the subject matter and/or the
simple techniques taught from a simple to complex
orientation with little or no regard to the student’s
interest or choice
What are some behaviorist teaching strategy?
Drills
Question and answer
Guided practice
Regular review
Positive reinforcement

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ASSUMPTION COLLEGE OF NABUNTURAN

Purok 1, Poblacion, Nabunturan, Davao de Oro, 8800

Role of Perennialist Teacher

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