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Tautologies and Fallacies

This document defines and provides examples of tautologies. A tautology is a compound statement that is always true regardless of the truth values of its individual statements. Examples given include "I will give you 100 pesos or I will not give you 100 pesos" and "It will either snow today or it will not snow today." The document also lists various logical laws that illustrate tautologies, such as conjunction, disjunction, material implication, and constructive dilemma. Readers are instructed to construct truth tables to show that compound statements are tautologies.

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Ariel Roña Rogon
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351 views6 pages

Tautologies and Fallacies

This document defines and provides examples of tautologies. A tautology is a compound statement that is always true regardless of the truth values of its individual statements. Examples given include "I will give you 100 pesos or I will not give you 100 pesos" and "It will either snow today or it will not snow today." The document also lists various logical laws that illustrate tautologies, such as conjunction, disjunction, material implication, and constructive dilemma. Readers are instructed to construct truth tables to show that compound statements are tautologies.

Uploaded by

Ariel Roña Rogon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TAUTOLOGIES

Objective:

 illustrate tautologies.
A tautology is a compound statement that is true for every value of the
individual statements.

The simple examples of tautology are:

1. I will give you Php 100.00 or I will not give you Php 100.00.

2. It will either snow today or it will not snow today.

3. She is brave or she is not brave.

4. A function is a polynomial function or it is not a polynomial function.

5. Jose will win the election, or he will not win the election.
List of Tautologies
Laws that illustrates Laws that illustrates
Possible Statements Possible Statements
tautologies tautologies
Associative : for Conjunction
for Double
Double Negation
Negation P
Commutative :for Absorption
for Absorption

Distributive :for Disjunctive Syllogism


Disjunctive Syllogism
for
Material Implication
Biconditional Material Implication
Disjunctive
Modus
Modus Ponens
Ponens Disjunctive
Simplification
Simplification
Modus
Modus Tollens
Tollens Resolution
Exportation Resolution
Exportation Hypothetical Syllogism
Transposition or Hypothetical Syllogism
Transposition or Constructive Dilemma
Contraposition Constructive Dilemma
Contraposition Destructive Dilemma
Addition P
Addition Destructive Dilemma
Simplification
Simplification
Construct the truth table for each of the following and show that the compound
statement is a tautology.

( 𝑃 →𝑄 )
References:
References:
Chan, J.T. (2019). General Mathematics. Vibal Group Inc. Quezon City, Philippines.
Oronce, O. A.(2016). General Mathematics. Rex Book Store, Inc. Manila, Philippines.
General Mathematics Learner's Material (2016). Department of Education. Pasig
City, Philippines.
Garces I. L.(2019). General Mathematics. Vibal Group Inc.
Orines, F.B. (2016). Next Century Mathematics General Mathematics.
PhoenixPublishing House, Inc. Quezon City, Philippines.

DepEd Commons (General Mathematics Quarter 2)

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