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Angular Kinetics

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Shoaib Saeed
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14 views

Angular Kinetics

Uploaded by

Shoaib Saeed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Angular Kinetics

Group 2

Members:-
Saad Afzal
Ahmed Saif
Shoaib Saeed
Nissa Akmal
Momina Khalil
Fatima Shehzadi
Amna Anwar
Kinetics

 Division of biomechanical study


 Deals with the study of forces that produce movement.
 It can also be defined as the study of action of forces
Basic Concepts Related to Kinetics

Inertia:-
Ability of a body to resist any change in it’s
state of rest or of uniform motion.
 This is also explained in Newton’s 1st law of
motion because of which it is also called the law of
inertia.
1st Law of Motion

 A body at rest remains at rest or in uniform motion


continues it’s uniform motion provided no net force acts
on it

 This law tells us that no movement takes place on its own


every movement is produced as a result of a force acting
on a body
Mass

 Thequantity of matter possessed by a body is called it’s


mass
 Mass is a measurable base quantity.
 It is measured in grams or kilograms
Force

 It is a push or pull that produces a movement.


 It is defined as a product of mass and acceleration.
 The unit of force is newton (N)

 The above mentioned definition is derived from Newton’s


2nd Law of motion
Newton’s 2ND Law of motion

 When a force acts on a body it produces acceleration in the body


in the direction of force the magnitude of which is directly
proportional to the magnitude of the force and inversely
proportional to the mass of the body

 Mathematically

a =F/m
by rearranging we get
F = ma
Net Force

 Net force is the sum of all the forces acting on a particular


system

Free body diagram

 A sketch that shows all the forces acting on a system in


isolation.
Center of Gravity

 The point around which the bodies entire weight is equally


balanced no matter what the position of the body may be.
 This position determines how the body will respond to
external force.
Weight

 Amount of gravitational force acting on a body.


 Itis the product of mass (m) and acceleration due to
gravity (g).

Pressure
 It is defined as the force acting per unit area.
 Mathematically P = F/A
Volume

 Itis defined as the three dimensional space occupied by a


body.
 It’s unit is m3

Density
 It is defined as mass per unit volume.
 It is denoted by rho(p)
 It’s unit is kgm-3
Torque

 Turning effect of force is called torque.


 Torque is the angular equivalent of linear force.
 It produces rotation when it acts on a body.

Impulse
 Itis defined as the product of force acting on the body and
the time for which it acts on that body.
Angular kinetics

 In angular kinetics we study angular counterparts of linear


forces.
 Simply we can say that we study angular aspects of the
previously mentioned basic terms.
Moment of inertia


  It is defined as the inertial property of a rotating body.
 It is the resistance to angular acceleration.
 It is based on mass and distance mass is distributed from
axis of rotation.
 Mathematically
Angular acceleration

 Rate of change of angular velocity is called angular


acceleration.

Angular velocity
 The rate of change of angular displacement is called
angular velocity
Radius of gyration


  Itis the distance from the axis of rotation to the point on
which the mass of the body could be concentrated without
altering it’s rotational characteristics
 It is used for calculating moment of inertia.
 Mathematically
Angular momentum


  Quantityof angular motion possessed by a body is called
angular momentum.
 It can also be defined as the product of moment of inertia
and angular acceleration.

 Mathematically
Law of conservation of angular
momentum
 The total angular momentum of a system remains constant
provided no external torque acts on it.
 Mathematically
Angular Impulse

 It
is defined as the product of torque and the time for
which it acts on the body.
Centripetal force

 Itis defined as the force that keeps a body to move in its


circular path.
 It acts along the radius of circular path towards the center
Centrifugal force

 Itis defined as the reaction of centripetal force in


accordance with 3rd law of motion.
 Italso acts along the radius but is directed away from the
center
Angular analogues of Newtons Law of
motion
Newtons 1st law of motion
 A body at rest remains at rest or constantly rotating keeps
on rotating unless acted upon by an external torque that
changes it’s state.

 This is also called the angular law of inertia.


Angular analogues of Newtons Law of
motion
Newtons 2nd law of motion.

 When a net torque acts on a body it causes angular


acceleration in the direction of torque whose magnitude is
directly proportional to magnitude of torque and inversely
proportional to it’s moment of inertia.
 This is also called the angular law of acceleration.
 Mathematically
Angular analogues of Newtons Law of
motion
Newtons 3rd law of motion.

 Forevery angular action there is always an equal but opposite


angular reaction
 Insimple words this law states that if one body exerts a torque
on another body then the other body will also exert a torque of
same magnitude but opposite direction on the first body.
 This is also known as the angular law of reaction.

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