UNIT-8

INTERFACING AND APPLICATIONS

OF DSP PROCESSOR
TEXT BOOK:
1. “Digital Signal Processing”, Avatar Singh and
S. Srinivasan, Thomson Learning, 2004.
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• To study the synchronous serial interface as provided in
the TMS320C5416 DSP.
• To study how to interface the DSP on the audio CODEC
board
• To look into a few representative applications and their
requirements to see how these are met by systems
implemented using DSPs.
 LESSON PLAN

Sl No Topic Date Date Hours

planned engaged

1 Introduction 1st

2 Synchronous Serial Interface 2nd

3 A CODEC Interface Circuit 3rd

4 DSP Based Bio-telemetry 4th

Receiver

5 A Speech Processing System 5th

6 An Image Processing System 6th

Contents:

• Introduction
• Synchronous Serial Interface
• A CODEC Interface Circuit
• DSP Based Bio-telemetry Receiver
• A Speech Processing System
• An Image Processing System
 Introduction

Parallel Peripheral Interface, the data word will

be transferred with all the bits together.

Need for interfacing serial peripherals is

essential.

DSP has provision of interfacing serial devices

too.
 Synchronous Serial Interface
 I/O devices which handle transfer of one bit at a time are referred as
serial I/O devices or peripherals.

Communication with serial peripherals can be synchronous or

asynchronous .

 Synchronous serial interface (SSI) makes communication a fast- serial

communication.

Asynchronous mode of communication is slow serial communication.

 In comparison with parallel peripheral interface, the SSI is slow. The

time taken depends on the number of bits in the data word.
 CODEC Interface Circuit
 CODEC, a coder-decoder is an example for synchronous serial I/O.
It has analog input-output, ADC and DAC.
The signals in SSI generated by the DSP are
DX: Data Transmit to CODEC.
DR: Data Receive from CODEC.
CLKX: Transmit data with this clock reference.
CLKR: Receive data with this clock reference.
FSX: Frame sync signal for transmit.
FSR: Frame sync signal for receive.
RRDY: indicator for receiving all bits of data.
XRDY: indicator for transmitting all bits of data.

on the CODEC side,

FS*: Frame sync signal.
DIN: Data Receive from DSP.
DOUT: Data Transmit to DSP
SCLK: Tx / Rx data with this clock reference
SSI between DSP & CODEC Block Diagram
Receive/ Transmit Timing for data word of 8 Bits
As shown in Fig 8.2

the receiving or transmit activity is initiated at the rising edge

of clock, CLKR/ CLKX.

Reception / Transfer starts after FSR / FSX remains high for

one clock cycle.

RRDY / XRDY is initially high, goes LOW to HIGH after the

completion of data transfer.

 One clock cycle= one bit transfer.

 Time required to transfer/ receive depend on the number of

bits in the data word.
Block diagram for CODEC PCM3002
Analog front end samples signal at 64 over sampling rate.
ADC is based on Delta-sigma modulator to convert analog signal to digital
form.
Decimation filter reduces the sampling rate and thus processing does not need
high speed devices.
The Serial Interface accepts built-in ADC output and converts to serial data
and transmits the same on DOUT.
It also accepts serial data on DIN & gives the same to DAC.
The Mode Control initializes the serial data transfer.
It sets all the desired modes, the number of bits and the mode Control Signals,
MD(Mode Word), MC(mode Clock Signal) and ML(mode Load Signal).
 DSP Based Bio-telemetry Receiver
Biotelemetry involves transfer of physiological information from
one remote place to another for the purpose of obtaining experts
opinion.
The biological signals may be single dimensional signals such as
ECG and EEG or two dimensional signals such as an image, i.e.,
X-ray.
The signals at source are encoded, modulated and transmitted.
The signals at destination are decoded, demodulated and
analyzed.
 DSP based biotelemetry Receiver Implementation
PPM signal interface generates the interrupt for DSP.

DSP entertains the interrupt and starts a timer.

When it receives another interrupt, it stops the timer and the

count is treated as the digital equivalent of the sample value.

Dual DAC converts two signals encoded into analog signals.

Signals used to determine Heart Rate
Heart Rate (HR) is a measure of time interval between QRS complexes in ECG signal.
The appearance of the Heart Rate signal is Periodic.
The algorithm includes 1st and 2nd order derivatives

Let 1st order derivative be(obtained as the difference between two adjacent samples)

Let 2nd order derivative be(finding the derivative of 1st order derivative)

If both are summed, then,

Removing the high frequency components by passing y3(n) through LPF we get,

heart beat per minute is calculated using

 A Speech Processing System

PURPOSE: or analysis, transmission or reception as in the case of radio/ TV/

phone, denoising, compression and so on.
various applications of speech processing
identification and verification of speaker
speech synthesis
voice to text conversion
Schematic of speech production is shown below
The vocal tract has vocal cord at one end and mouth at the other
end.
The shape of the vocal tract and nasal tract decides the sound that
is produced.

Speech can be of two types

Voiced sound
Unvoiced sound

Vocal tract is excited with quasi periodic pulses of air pressure

caused by vibration of vocal cords resulting in voiced sound.

Unvoiced sound is produced by forcing air through the

constriction, formed somewhere in the vocal tract and creating
turbulence that produces source of noise to excite the vocal tract.
 A speech production model representing the speech production mechanism

Pulse train generator generates periodic pulse train representing voiced

speech signal.
Noise generator represents unvoiced speech.
Vocal tract system is supplied either with periodic pulse train or noise.
The final output is the synthesized speech signal.
 An Image Processing System

Image when compared to other signals it is 2 dimensional, thus having an entirely

different requirement.

Image can be of two types

Color Image (A color image requires 3 matrices to be maintained for three
primary colors-red, green and blue)
Gray Scale Image(A gray image requires only one matrix, maintaining the gray
information of each pixel)

Image is divided into blocks of 8 x 8. DCT is applied to each block.

 Questions
1. With the help of a block diagram, explain the image compression
and reconstruction using JPEG encoder and decoder.
2. Write a pseudo algorithm heart rate(HR), using the digital signal
processor.
3. Explain briefly the building blocks of a PCM3002 CODEC device.
What do you understand by a DSP based biotelemetry receiver?
4. With the help of block diagram explain JPEG algorithm.
5. Explain with the neat diagram the operation of pitch detector.
6. Explain with a neat diagram, the synchronous serial interface
between the C54xx and a CODEC device.
7. Explain the operation of pulse position modulation (PPM) to
encode two biomedical signals.
7. Explain with a neat block diagram the operation, the operation of the pitch detector.
8. Explain PCM3002 CODEC, with the help of neat block diagram.
9. Explain DSP based biotelemetry receiver system, with the help of a block schematic diagram.
10. Explain the memory interface block diagram for the TMS 320 C54xx processor.(Dec 2010)
11. Draw the I/O interface timing diagram for read – write read sequence of operation (Dec 2013)
12. What are interrupts? How interrupts are handled by C54xx DSP Processors. (Dec 2012,12)
13. What are interrupts? What are the classes of interrupts available in the TMS320C54xx processor. (JUNE/July 11,
8m)