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    Surgical Ethics: Dr. Mugenya

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    Mohamed Saeed Bachoo
    Dr. Mugenya's document discusses surgical ethics. It defines ethics as concerning good character and conduct, and obligations people owe each other. The history of ethics in surgery dates back to the Hippocratic Oath from ancient Greece. Key issues in surgical ethics include respecting patient autonomy through informed consent and confidentiality, as well as conducting ethical research and maintaining good standards of practice. The surgeon's role is to act as the patient's advocate.

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    Surgical Ethics: Dr. Mugenya

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed Saeed Bachoo
    70 views18 pages
    Dr. Mugenya's document discusses surgical ethics. It defines ethics as concerning good character and conduct, and obligations people owe each other. The history of ethics in surgery dates back to the Hippocratic Oath from ancient Greece. Key issues in surgical ethics include respecting patient autonomy through informed consent and confidentiality, as well as conducting ethical research and maintaining good standards of practice. The surgeon's role is to act as the patient's advocate.

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    Surgical Ethics

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    Dr. Mugenya's document discusses surgical ethics. It defines ethics as concerning good character and conduct, and obligations people owe each other. The history of ethics in surgery dates back to the Hippocratic Oath from ancient Greece. Key issues in surgical ethics include respecting patient autonomy through informed consent and confidentiality, as well as conducting ethical research and maintaining good standards of practice. The surgeon's role is to act as the patient's advocate.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    70 views18 pages

    Surgical Ethics: Dr. Mugenya

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed Saeed Bachoo
    Dr. Mugenya's document discusses surgical ethics. It defines ethics as concerning good character and conduct, and obligations people owe each other. The history of ethics in surgery dates back to the Hippocratic Oath from ancient Greece. Key issues in surgical ethics include respecting patient autonomy through informed consent and confidentiality, as well as conducting ethical research and maintaining good standards of practice. The surgeon's role is to act as the patient's advocate.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    Surgical Ethics

    Dr. Mugenya
    Learning Outcomes

    • Define ethics
    • Identify issues in surgical ethics
    • Explain importance & boundaries of
    autonomy, informed consent and
    confidentiality
    • Describe regulation and maintenance aspects
    of surgical research and good surgical practice.
    Definition of Ethics
    • The word ethics is derived from the Greek
    word ethos which means “ character “.
    • Hence ethics is branch of philosophy that
    defines what is good for individual and for
    society and establishes nature of obligations
    or duties, that people owe themselves and
    one another.
    History of Ethics
    • Greek healers in the 4th century B.C., drafted
    the Hippocratic Oath and pledged to :–
    “Prescribe regimens for the good of my
    patients according to my ability and my
    judgment and never do harm to anyone”.
    Surgical Ethics
    • Ethics is an essential discipline in the practice of
    surgery.
    • Represents your best understanding of moral
    responsibility.
    • Evolves as reasoned reflection on clinical
    experience.
    • Role of the Surgeon is to act as the patient’s
    attorney (person to whom property or power is
    entrusted for)
    Surgical Ethics…
    • Ethical study investigates what should be our
    character and conduct.
    • Morality is subject to re-examination and
    improvement.
    • Ideas of justice and fairness require critical
    assessment and improvement.
    • Ethical argument should maintain relevance.
    Surgical Ethics Issues
    • Autonomy
    • Informed consent
    • Confidentiality
    • Surgical research
    • Excellent standards
    Autonomy
    • Respect the autonomy of patients & their ability
    to make choices about their treatments.
    • It recognizes rights of patients to self
    determination.
    • So patients have right to make choices over
    their surgical care.
    • Respect for autonomy is the basis for informed
    consent and advance directives.
    Information
    • Explanation of the patient’s disease
    • Explanation of untreated natural history
    • Recommendation of most appropriate surgery
    • Discussion of risks and benefits
    • Anticipated outcome – prognosis
    • Alternative treatment(s).
    Principles of Consent
    • Venue – Calm & quiet place
    • Consent form – Patient’s language
    • Time – Take own decision
    • Principal person – Surgeon
    • Entry – Case record / documentation
    Attention to Consent
    • Information – Accurate & reasonably
    complete.
    • Avoidance – Technical language
    • Provision of Translators
    • Clarification of doubts
    Practical Difficulties for Consent
    • Refusal or waiver by patient
    • Temporary unconsciousness patients
    • Children less than 18 yrs are minors and are
    legally incompetent.
    • Incompetence – Other kinds: eg unsound
    mind, etc.
    End of Life Issues
    • In unusual circumstances (close to death) that no
    evidence shows that specific treatment desired by the
    patient will provide any benefit from any perspective,
    physician need not provide such treatment.
    • If there are no treatment options, i.e. patient is brain
    dead and the family insists on treatment :– if there is
    nothing that physician can do, treatment must stop.
    • You should note in case sheet along with senior
    clinician’s agreement.
    Confidentiality
    • The principle of confidentiality is that information
    patient reveals to surgeon is private and has limits on
    how and when it can be disclosed to third party.
    • The patient (and the person treating the patient) have
    right to dignity.
    • Breaking confidentiality:
    - If the patient is threat to self or others
    - Other team members – improving treatment options
    - Public interest
    - Court order
    Research
    • Surgeons have subsidiary responsibility to
    improve operative techniques through
    research, to assure their patients that the care
    proposed is best.
    • The administration of such regulation is
    through research ethics committees, and
    surgeons should not participate in research
    that has not been approved by such bodies.
    Good Standards
    • To optimise success in protecting life and health to
    an acceptable standard, surgeons must only offer
    specialised treatment in which they have been
    properly trained.
    • To do so will entail sustained further education
    throughout a surgeon’s career in the wake of new
    surgical procedures.
    • To do otherwise would be to place the interest of the
    surgeon above that of their patient, an imbalance
    that is never moral or professional.
    References
    • Bailey & Love’s - Short Practice of
    Surgery—26 edition.
    th
    .

    THANK YOU

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