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Computer Organization & Assembly Language (COAL)

This document provides an introduction to computer organization and assembly language, microcomputer systems, and basic computer components. It discusses that computer organization deals with how computers are structured and function at a basic level, including memory, registers, CPUs, and ALUs. It also defines assembly language as a low-level programming language that uses mnemonics to represent CPU instructions. Additionally, it outlines that a microcomputer system is designed for individual use, and that the motherboard contains connectors for key components like the CPU, memory, and I/O ports to control peripherals. Finally, it gives an overview of basic computer circuits including memory, processors, and input/output components.

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Asadullah Khan
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443 views14 pages

Computer Organization & Assembly Language (COAL)

This document provides an introduction to computer organization and assembly language, microcomputer systems, and basic computer components. It discusses that computer organization deals with how computers are structured and function at a basic level, including memory, registers, CPUs, and ALUs. It also defines assembly language as a low-level programming language that uses mnemonics to represent CPU instructions. Additionally, it outlines that a microcomputer system is designed for individual use, and that the motherboard contains connectors for key components like the CPU, memory, and I/O ports to control peripherals. Finally, it gives an overview of basic computer circuits including memory, processors, and input/output components.

Uploaded by

Asadullah Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Organization & Assembly

Language
(COAL)
Microcomputer System

Lecture#01
Contents

COAL
Microcomputer System
Motherboard
Computer Circuit
a. Memory
b. CPU
c. I/O Ports
Introduction
COAL:
Computer organization is concerned with the
structure & behavior of digital computer.

Example:
Memory (RAM & ROM), Register, CPU,
ALU
Assembly Language is a low level
programming language using the human
readable instructions of the CPU. Assembly
Language uses 2, 3, or 4 letters mnemonics to
represent each instruction type.

Example:
MOV, ADD, SUB etc
Microcomputer System:
These are designed to be used by individuals
whether in the form of PCs, workstation, or
notebooks.
Motherboard:
Main circuit board inside your computer is called
motherboard.
The motherboard contains the connectors for
attaching additional boards, such as CPU, BIOS,
memory, serial & parallel ports, & all the controller
that are required to control standard peripheral
devices such as the display screen, keyboard, hard
drive.
Basic Computer Organization

Processor Memory

I/O
Computer Circuit

1.Memory:
Information processed by the computer is stored in
its memory. A memory circuit element can store one
bit of data. Memory circuit are usually organized
into groups that can store eight bit of data.
a. RAM
b. ROM
Dimensions Of Memory
Horizontal Dimensions = Width Of Memory Cell

00100101
00100100
Binary Vertical
Dimension

Addresses
=
Of Memory
Cell 00100011 Size Of
Memory
00000001
00000000
Memory Operation
• Read
• Write

BUSES
• Address Bus
• Data Bus
• Control Bus
Basic Computer Organization

Address Bus

Data Bus
Processor Memory
Control Bus
I/O Ports

Serial Port:
The term serial refers to data sent via a single
wire, the bit are sent one after the other.
A serial port is a serial communication physical
interface through which information transfers in
or out one bit at a time.

Example:
Keyboard, Mouse, USB
Parallel Port

Parallel data transmission involves sending data


simultaneously on several channels (wires). The
parallel ports on personal computer can be used to
send 8 bits simultaneously via 8 wires.

Example
Printer, Microphone, Telephone

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