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    Mid Exam (Digital Image Processing)

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    Muhammad Shahzaib
    1. The document discusses the roles of spatial filtering in digital image processing. 2. It describes how spatial filtering directly operates on pixel values by using a mask that is moved across an image. 3. The key roles of spatial filtering discussed are smoothing/blurring for noise reduction, and sharpening to remove blurring and highlight edges. Smoothing filters include mean and order statistics filters, while sharpening filters are derivative-based.

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    Mid Exam (Digital Image Processing)

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Shahzaib
    56 views12 pages
    1. The document discusses the roles of spatial filtering in digital image processing. 2. It describes how spatial filtering directly operates on pixel values by using a mask that is moved across an image. 3. The key roles of spatial filtering discussed are smoothing/blurring for noise reduction, and sharpening to remove blurring and highlight edges. Smoothing filters include mean and order statistics filters, while sharpening filters are derivative-based.

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    spatial filtering

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    1. The document discusses the roles of spatial filtering in digital image processing. 2. It describes how spatial filtering directly operates on pixel values by using a mask that is moved across an image. 3. The key roles of spatial filtering discussed are smoothing/blurring for noise reduction, and sharpening to remove blurring and highlight edges. Smoothing filters include mean and order statistics filters, while sharpening filters are derivative-based.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    56 views12 pages

    Mid Exam (Digital Image Processing)

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Shahzaib
    1. The document discusses the roles of spatial filtering in digital image processing. 2. It describes how spatial filtering directly operates on pixel values by using a mask that is moved across an image. 3. The key roles of spatial filtering discussed are smoothing/blurring for noise reduction, and sharpening to remove blurring and highlight edges. Smoothing filters include mean and order statistics filters, while sharpening filters are derivative-based.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    MID EXAM(DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING)

    Name: M.Shahzaib
    Class: Bs Computer Science(Evening)
    Roll No: 17-NTU-1189
    Course Name: Digital Image Processing
    Course Code: CSE-4071
    Assigned Topic: Roles of Spatial Filtering
    Submitted to: Sir Abdul Qayum
    SPATIAL FILTERING

    Spatial Filtering technique is used directly on pixels of an image. Mask is usually considered to be
    added in size so that it has specific center pixel. This mask is moved on the image such that the
    center of the mask traverses all image pixels.

    Role of Basic Spatial Filtering in Digital Image Processing


    SMOOTHING SPATIAL FILTERING

    Smoothing filtering is used for blurring and noise reduction


    in the image. Blurring is pre-processing steps for removal of
    small details and Noise Reduction is accomplished by
    blurring.

    Types of Smoothing Spatial Filtering:


    1. Linear Filter (Mean Filter)
    2. Order Statistics (Non-linear) filter
    MEAN FILTER

    Linear spatial filter is simply the average of the pixels contained in


    the neighborhood of the filter mask. The idea is replacing the value
    of every pixel in an image by the average of the grey levels in the
    neighborhood define by the filter mask.

    Types of Mean filter:


    • Averaging filter: It is used in reduction of the detail in image. All
    coefficients are equal.
    • Weighted averaging filter: In this, pixels are multiplied by
    different coefficients. Center pixel is multiplied by a higher value
    than average filter.
    ORDER STATISTICS FILTER

    It is based on the ordering the pixels contained in the image area encompassed
    by the filter. It replaces the value of the center pixel with the value determined
    by the ranking result. Edges are better preserved in this filtering.

    Types of Order statistics filter:


    • Minimum filter: 0th percentile filter is the minimum filter. The value of the
    center is replaced by the smallest value in the window.
    • Maximum filter: 100th percentile filter is the maximum filter. The value of
    the center is replaced by the largest value in the window.
    • Median filter: Each pixel in the image is considered. First neighboring
    pixels are sorted and original values of the pixel is replaced by the median of
    the list.
    SHARPENING SPATIAL FILTER

    It is also known as derivative filter. The


    purpose of the sharpening spatial filter is just
    the opposite of the smoothing spatial filter. Its
    main focus in on the removal of blurring and
    highlight the edges. It is based on the first and
    second order derivative.
    SHARPENING SPATIAL FILTER

    It is also known as derivative filter. The


    purpose of the sharpening spatial filter is just
    the opposite of the smoothing spatial filter. Its
    main focus in on the removal of blurring and
    highlight the edges. It is based on the first and
    second order derivative.
    SPATIAL FILTERING

    Spatial Filtering is an image processing


    technique for changing the intensities of a
    pixel according to the intensities of the
    neighboring pixels.
    g(x,y)=T[f(x,y)]
    g(x,y)=T[f(x,y)]
    T=compute average intensity of neighborhood pixels

    T[f(1,2)]=(255+255+255+255+0+225+255+255+255)/9
    g(x,y)=T[f(x,y)]
    T=compute average intensity of neighborhood pixels

    T[f(1,2)]=(255+255+255+255+0+225+255+255+255)/9
    T[f(1,2)]=227=g(1,2)
    Thanks….

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