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    Chapter 9 Strings 9.2 The String Class: 9.2.5 Obtaining Substrings 9.2.6 Converting, Replacing, and Splitting Strings

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    Issam Programmer
    The document discusses methods in the String class in Java for obtaining substrings, converting case, replacing and splitting strings, and converting strings to numbers. It provides examples of using substring() to extract portions of a string, toLowerCase() and toUpperCase() to change case, trim() to remove whitespace, and split() to break a string into tokens. It also discusses converting strings to integers and doubles using parseInt() and parseDouble() and gives an exercise to count the occurrences of a character in a string.

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    Chapter 9 Strings 9.2 The String Class: 9.2.5 Obtaining Substrings 9.2.6 Converting, Replacing, and Splitting Strings

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    Issam Programmer
    30 views13 pages
    The document discusses methods in the String class in Java for obtaining substrings, converting case, replacing and splitting strings, and converting strings to numbers. It provides examples of using substring() to extract portions of a string, toLowerCase() and toUpperCase() to change case, trim() to remove whitespace, and split() to break a string into tokens. It also discusses converting strings to integers and doubles using parseInt() and parseDouble() and gives an exercise to count the occurrences of a character in a string.

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    Chapter 9 - Lecture 2

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    The document discusses methods in the String class in Java for obtaining substrings, converting case, replacing and splitting strings, and converting strings to numbers. It provides examples of using substring() to extract portions of a string, toLowerCase() and toUpperCase() to change case, trim() to remove whitespace, and split() to break a string into tokens. It also discusses converting strings to integers and doubles using parseInt() and parseDouble() and gives an exercise to count the occurrences of a character in a string.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    30 views13 pages

    Chapter 9 Strings 9.2 The String Class: 9.2.5 Obtaining Substrings 9.2.6 Converting, Replacing, and Splitting Strings

    Uploaded by

    Issam Programmer
    The document discusses methods in the String class in Java for obtaining substrings, converting case, replacing and splitting strings, and converting strings to numbers. It provides examples of using substring() to extract portions of a string, toLowerCase() and toUpperCase() to change case, trim() to remove whitespace, and split() to break a string into tokens. It also discusses converting strings to integers and doubles using parseInt() and parseDouble() and gives an exercise to count the occurrences of a character in a string.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Chapter 9 Strings

    9.2 The String Class


    9.2.5 Obtaining Substrings
    9.2.6 Converting, Replacing, and Splitting Strings

    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 1
    9.2.5 Obtaining Substrings
    java.lang.String
    +substring(beginIndex: int): Returns this string’s substring that begins with the character at the
    String specified beginIndex and extends to the end of the string.

    +substring(beginIndex: int, Returns this string’s substring that begins at the specified
    endIndex: int): String beginIndex and extends to the character at index endIndex – 1.
    Note that the character at endIndex is not part of the substring.

    You can extract a single character from a string using the charAt
    method. You can also extract a substring from a string using the
    substring method in the String class.

    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 2
    Obtaining Substrings
    (Continued)
    String s1 = "Welcome to Java";
    To extract the substring from index 11 till the end we write:
    String s2 = s1.substring(11);
    Now S2 will contain the string “Java”.

    Indices 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

    message W e l c o m e t o J a v a

    message.substring(0, 11) message.substring(11)

    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 3
    Obtaining Substrings
    (Continued)
    String s1 = "Welcome to Java";
    To extract the substring from index 0 till index 10 we write:
    String s2 = s1.substring(0,11);
    Now S2 will contain the string “Welcome to ” including a space at
    the end. Note that the character at index 11 is not part of the
    substring.

    Indices 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

    message W e l c o m e t o J a v a

    message.substring(0, 11) message.substring(11)


    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 4
    9.2.6 Converting, Replacing, and
    Splitting Strings
    java.lang.String
    +toLowerCase(): String Returns a new string with all characters converted to lowercase.
    +toUpperCase(): String Returns a new string with all characters converted to uppercase.
    +trim(): String Returns a new string with blank characters trimmed on both sides.
    +replace(oldChar: char, newChar: Returns a new string that replaces all matching character in this string
    char): String with the new character.
    +replaceFirst(oldString: String, Returns a new string that replaces the first matching substring in this
    newString: String): String string with the new substring.
    +replaceAll(oldString: String, Returns a new string that replace all matching substrings in this string
    newString: String): String with the new substring.
    +replace(oldString: String, Works exactly like replaceAll.
    newString: String): String
    Returns an array of strings consisting of the substrings split by the
    +split(delimiter: String): String[] delimiter.

    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 5
    Examples
    "Welcome".toLowerCase() returns a new string, welcome.

    "Welcome".toUpperCase() returns a new string, WELCOME.

    " Welcome to Java ".trim() returns a new string, Welcome to Java.

    "Welcome".replace('e', 'A') returns a new string, WAlcomA.

    "Welcome".replaceFirst("e", "AB") returns a new string, WABlcome.

    "Welcome".replaceAll("e", "AB") returns a new string,


    WABlcomAB.

    "Welcome".replace("e", "AB") returns a new string, WABlcomAB.


    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 6
    Splitting a String – Example 1
    The split method can be used to extract tokens from a string with the
    specified delimiters. For example, in the following code the
    delimiter is the string “#”.

    String s = "Java#HTML#Perl";
    String[] tokens = s.split("#");
    for (int i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++)
    System.out.print(tokens[i] + " ");

    The delimiter # is not stored in the array tokens


    0 Java (an array of strings).
    tokens 1 HTML The output will be:
    2 Perl
    Java HTML Perl
    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 7
    Splitting a String – Example 2
    The delimiter can be composed of more than one character since it is
    a string. For example, in the following code the delimiter is “ab”.

    String s = "cdabefabgh";
    String[] tokens = s.split("ab");
    for (int i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++)
    System.out.print(tokens[i]+ " ");

    0 cd The output will be:


    tokens 1 ef cd ef gh
    2 gh
    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 8
    Splitting a String – Example 3
    The delimiter can be a space.

    String s = "Welcome to Java";


    String[] tokens = s.split(" ");
    for (int i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++)
    System.out.println(tokens[i]);

    The output will be:


    Welcome
    0 Welcome
    to
    tokens 1 to
    2 Java
    Java
    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 9
    The “.” delimiter
    If want to split a string using the delimiter dot “.” such as

    String a = "a.jpg";
    String [ ] str = a.split(".");

    The split does not work because "." is a reserved character.


    Instead, we should use the following statement:

    String [ ] str = a.split("\\.");

    0 a
    str
    1 jpg

    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 10
    Converting Strings into numbers
    To convert a String into an integer we use the method
    Integer.parseInt() and into a double we use the method
    Double.parseDouble().

    String s1 = "12", s2 = "12.5";


    int n = Integer.parseInt(s1);
    double m = Double.parseDouble(s2);

    As a result n will contain the integer value 12 and m will


    contain the double value 12.5.
    Note that if s1 or s2 contain non digit characters then an error
    will occur. Of course s2 can contain the dot.
    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 11
    Programming Exercise 9.4 in your
    textbook page 363: Occurrence of a
    specified character in a string
    Write a method that finds the number of occurrences of a specified
    character in a string using the following header:
    public static int count(String str, char a)
    For example, count("Welcome", 'e') returns 2.

    Write a test program (main method) that prompts the user to enter a
    string followed by a character and displays the number of occurrences
    of the character in the string.

    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 12
    Solution of Programming Exercise 9.4
    import java.util.Scanner;
    public class Exercise09_04 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
    Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
    System.out.print("Enter a string: ");
    String s = input.next();
    System.out.print("Enter a character: ");
    char ch = input.next().charAt(0);
    int counter = count(s, ch);
    System.out.println(counter);
    }
    public static int count(String str, char ch) {
    int counter = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++)
    if (str.charAt(i) == ch)
    counter++;
    return counter;
    }
    }
    Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All
    rights reserved. 0132130807 13

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