SMART CITY

IMPLEMENTATION USING IOT

INTRODUCTION:

 A smart city uses information and communication technology (ICT) to

improve operational efficiency, share information with the public and
provide a better quality of government service and citizen welfare.

 SMART CITY DEFINITION - There are a number of definitions of what

makes a city ‘smart,’ for example, IBM defines a smart city as “one that
makes optimal use of all the interconnected information available
today to better understand and control its operations and optimise
the use of limited resources.”
BLOCK DIAGRAM: Smart city Implemented using IoT
Layout of Typical smart City
 SMART CITY TECHNOLOGIES

 SMART UTILITY METERS:

A top IoT device among utility companies is the smart meter. These devices
attach to buildings and connect to a smart energy grid, allowing the utility companies to
manage energy flow more effectively.

 SMART TRANSPORTATION:
For transportation, smart city devices can ease traffic pain points and prevent
car-related accidents and deaths. Insider Intelligence
Specifically, voice search and location data capabilities are attractive to drivers,
and as smart applications continue to evolve and grow, so will the adoption of smart
transit.
 SMART GRIDS:
Arguably the greatest implementation of smart architecture and
infrastructure is smart grids, which help tremendously with resource conservation.
Amsterdam, for example, has been experimenting with offering home energy storage
units and solar panels for households that are connected to the city's smart grid.

 SMART WASTE MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS:

Some smart waste bins, like the EvoEco have the ability to tell users which
items should be composted or recycled and can even show messages that share how
much an organization can save by recycling.

 SMART AIR QUALITY MONITORS:

Smart air quality monitors can detect these particles and inform users of
pollutants. Monitoring indoor air quality (IAQ) can better alert people of unsafe
pollutant levels via an indicator light or push notifications to one's smartphone or
tablet.
 SMART HEALTH:
Smart Health refers to the use of ICT to improve health care availability and
quality.
Smart health aims to ensure that healthcare be available to as many people as
possible through telemedicine services and improved diagnosis assistance to doctors
utilizing AI.

 SMART INDUSTRY:
The use of IOT in manufacturing and production processes, cyber physical
systems integrating workers and machines has led to several benefits to the industry
such as faster and better innovation, optimization of manufacturing schemes
(resources and processes), better quality of products and enhanced safety for factory
workers.
PROTOCALS: NETWORKING PROTOCOLS IN
SMART CITIES
The type of network to use
depends on the requirements of the 1.RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION
(RFID)
application. It is imperative that the
communication protocol used in a 2.NEAR FIELD COMMUNICATIONS
smart city application meet the
desirable quality of service (QoS). 3.BLUETOOTH 4.Z-WAVE
Several protocols have been used in
the internet of things for smart cities 5.LI-FI 6.WI-FI
[11,77–79], we discuss the traits of the
7.ZIGBEE 8.WI-SUN
most popular wireless networking
protocols used in smart cities. 9.CELLULAR 10.LORAWAN

12.6LOWPAN 13.SIGFOX

14.NB-IOT
Network Technologies for IOT Smart Cities:
CONCLUSION:

 IoT has unlimited potential. With large-scale implementation,

thoughtful deployment, and careful management, IoT, urban data
platforms, big data, and artificial intelligence can transform our
urban hubs into smart, sustainable, and efficient spaces.
 The secret to the success of all sectors, from healthcare to
manufacturing, and from transportation to education, is through the
shared use of information. By gathering data and actuating practical
solutions, our next-generation smart cities will be smarter than ever
before.
SMART HOME
IMPLEMENTATION USING IOT
INTRODUCTION

 Smart home is a section of the IoT paradigm that aims to integrate

home automation and security. Enabling objects in a typical
household to be connected to the Internet allows home-owners to
remotely monitor and control them.
Key components of IOT

 Sensors or end devices:

For any IoT use case, the components of the endpoint are
sensors. Sensors capture electric pulse or analog signals which are
passed through the IoT ecosystems. Based on the use case and domains
RFID, temperature sensors, light sensors, electromagnetic sensors, etc.
For example, smartphones and smart wearables are equipped
with sensors like accelerometer, Gyroscope sensors, etc.
 Network or Connectivity Layer:

In a typical IoT ecosystem, sensors are connected with computation layers

and intelligent layers via network or connectivity layers. IoT endpoints need to be
always connected with various other components seamlessly over the
connectivity layer.
It can also be connected through telephony networks like LTE or light-based
technologies like Li-Fi.
An IoT network consists of various network components like routers,
gateways, switches, various network protocols, etc.
 Security Layers:

In the total flow of data, proper security systems and methodologies

need to be enforced. The data can be compromised in any layers starting
from the data acquisition to business insights derivations. We can enforce
proper security by using strong encryption in various layers of
communication, using proper firmware and anti-malware systems, etc.
Components Involved in Smart Home

1.Smart lights:

 Smart lights can lower your energy bill

 Smart lights are LEDs, which consume far
less electricity
 Smart lights can also be controlled via
your smartphone, and you can set
schedules for when these lights turn on
and off.
Components Involved in Smart Home

2.Smart Speakers:

 A smart speaker lets you merely speak

commands to get your gadgets to do your
bidding.
 It can tell you the news and weather, read
you recipes, even order a pizza and they'll
play music, too.
Components Involved in Smart Home

3.Smart Plug:

 A smart plug is the easiest and cheapest

way to make any appliance in your home
"smart.
 Connect a lamp to the smart switch, and
then plug the switch into the wall, you'll be
able to control the lamp from your phone
Components Involved in Smart Home

4.Home Security Camera:

 A security camera lets you keep an eye on

your house
 The better cameras will also have night
vision and can be linked with other smart
home devices.
 The camera will start recording when you
leave home and stop when you return.
Components Involved in Smart Home

5.Smart Lock:

 Beyond allowing you to lock and unlock

your door using your smartphone, a smart
lock will also let you issue temporary
passes to others and see who's using your
door.
 Integrate the lock with other smart home
devices, and you could have your lights
turn on automatically when you unlock
your door.
Components Involved in Smart Home

6.Smart Home Hub:

 A smart home hub provides a uniform

platform through which you can control a
bunch of smart home devices
 Hubs also let you automate a lot of
processes.
Components Involved in Smart Home

7.Smart Thermostats:

 It will let you remotely set the

temperature in your house using your
smartphone.
Components Involved in Smart Home

8.Smart Light Switches:

A more cost-effective solution

Itworks like a regular switch but can also be
controlled from your smartphone and
connected to other smart home devices
Components Involved in Smart Home

9.Smart Smoke Detectors:

If
there’s smoke in your house, a connected
smoke detector can alert your smartphone.

 They can automatically turn on smart

lights, making it easier for you, or whoever’s
in your house, to get out safely
Components Involved in Smart Home

10.Robot Vacuums:

 A robot vacuum will help cut down on the

daily accumulation of dust and pet hair.
 A robot vacuum can get to places you
can't, like under your bed or dresser.
Components Involved in Smart Home

11.Universal Remote:

 Control all of your entertainment devices

TV, stereo, cable box and more — with
just one device
 Some universal remotes will also let you
control smart home devices, such as lights
and your thermostat
 These remotes can be linked to Alexa, so
that you can change channels and more
using your voice
Components Involved in Smart Home

12.Smart Garage Door Openers:

 You can control it from your phone,

 The door can notify you if it gets opened
when you're not at home.
Conclusion

 Using affordable components such as microcontrollers from Elegoo

and Raspberry Pi and RF signals as a communication channel
between these devices, it was possible to develop an IoT system that
allows users of a household to make home smart.
Reference:

Smart City Definition:

https://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/faqs/what-is-a-smart-city#SmartCityDe
finition

IoT and smart city technologies:

https://www.businessinsider.com/iot-smart-city-technology?IR=T

What is IoT and why it is important for smart cities:

https://hub.beesmart.city/en/solutions/what-is-iot-and-why-is-it-important-for-smart-citi
es

Components of IoT: https://www.educba.com/components-of-iot/