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Core Subject Schedule: Mondays & Wednesdays at 10am-11am 1 Semester Academic Year 2021-2022

This document provides an overview of communication, including its definition, importance, elements, models, functions, features of effective communication, and barriers. It discusses communication as a process of sharing messages between a sender and receiver using various channels. Key aspects covered include the importance of both verbal and nonverbal communication, as well as factors that influence effective communication such as completeness, conciseness, and clarity. Models of communication presented include the Shannon-Weaver model and Schramm model. The document also identifies emotional barriers, use of jargon, lack of confidence, and noisy environments as potential barriers to communication.

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Ruschelle Lao
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46 views

Core Subject Schedule: Mondays & Wednesdays at 10am-11am 1 Semester Academic Year 2021-2022

This document provides an overview of communication, including its definition, importance, elements, models, functions, features of effective communication, and barriers. It discusses communication as a process of sharing messages between a sender and receiver using various channels. Key aspects covered include the importance of both verbal and nonverbal communication, as well as factors that influence effective communication such as completeness, conciseness, and clarity. Models of communication presented include the Shannon-Weaver model and Schramm model. The document also identifies emotional barriers, use of jargon, lack of confidence, and noisy environments as potential barriers to communication.

Uploaded by

Ruschelle Lao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Core Subject

Schedule: Mondays & Wednesdays @ 10am-11am


1st Semester
Academic Year 2021-2022
4 Pic 1 word
I. Nature and Elements of
Communication
1. Fundamentals of Communication
What is communication?

Why is communication
important?

What would our life and world be


like without communication?
Communication

• A process of sharing and conveying messages or


information from one person to another within
and across channels, contexts, media and
cultures

• It can be face-to-face interactions, a phone


conversation, a group discussion, a meeting or
interview, a class recitation
Etymology of Communication
1. Communication (from Latin word ‘communicare’
meaning, to share or to have something in common.
2. Communication provides central meaning to human
experience.
3. Keith Davis: Communication is a process of passing
information and understanding from one person to
another.
4. John Adair: Communication is essentially the ability of
one person to make contact with another and make
himself or understood.
Nature of Communication
1. Communication is a process (involves a message,
sender, receiver, and channel).
2. Communication is symbolic which could be enhanced
through the use of nonverbal cues involving facial
expressions, gestures, body language, volume, tone,
and pitch of the speaker's voice.
3. Communication is a verbal communication that uses
words to share information with others.
4. Communication employs readily understood spoken
words. It mainly uses words to express one’s self.
Nature
Nature of
of Communication
Communication
5. Communication could be one-way or maybe
two-way process.
6. Communication involves the flow of information
from a sender to the receiver.
7. Communication ensures appropriate
enunciation, stress and tone of voice for common
understanding to take place.
8. Verbal communication includes sounds, words,
language, and speech.
Importance of Oral Communication
1. Oral communication is important because the goal of
learning a language is to communicate in order to be
understood. Without understanding, there is no
communication.
2. Oral communication skills are fundamental to the
development of literacy. Literacy is the ability to read and
write.
3. Oral communication is essential for thinking and learning.
4. Oral Communication is the glue that puts all the
components of a language together.
Importance of Oral Communication

5. Oral communication plays an important role


in the development of the country.
6. Oral Communication reduces the distance and
makes the flow of information faster.
7. Oral communication enables one to be a voice
or instrument of truth and a light of the world.
Elements of Communication
1. Speaker- the source of information or message
2. Message- the information, ideas or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in
actions
3. Encoding- the process of converting the message into words, actions, or other forms that
the speaker understands
4. Channel- the medium or the means, such as personal or non-personal, verbal or non-verbal,
in which the encoded message is conveyed
5. Decoding- the process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver
6. Receiver- the recipient of the message, or someone who decoded the message
7. Feedback- the reactions, responses, or information provided by the receiver
8. Context- the environment where communication takes place
9. Barrier- the factors that affect the flow of communication
Process of Communication Example

The speaker generates an idea. Daphne loves Rico as a friend.

The speaker encodes an idea or converts the She thinks of how to tell him using their native
idea into words or actions. language.

The speaker transmits or sends out a She tells him, “Rico, mahal kita bilang kaibigan.”
message.
Rico hears what Daphne says.
The receiver gets the message.
He tries to analyze what she means, and he is
heartbroken.
The receiver decodes or interprets the
message based on the context.
He frowns and does not say something, because
he is in pain.
The receiver sends or provides feedback.
Communication Process
TRANSMISSION PHASE

(now sender)

FEEDBACK PHASE
Models of Communication
A. Shannon-Weaver Model
Information Destination
Transmitter Channel Receiver
source

Signal
Received Message
Message
Signal

Noise
Source
• Transaction Model
Noise Noise Noise

Feedback

(Sends Responds
Responds (Sends
and Decodes
Message Decodes and
Receives) Receives)

Channels

Noise Noise Noise


Schramm Model
• What has Schramm added to the Shannon-Weaver’s model? Is the new model
more comprehensive? Why do you think so? How is it different from or similar to
the transaction model?

Field of experience Field of experience

Sender Encoder Signal Decoder Receiver

Noise

Feedback
Roman Jakobson’s Model
Ferdinand Saussure’s Model
 Ferdinand Saussure, considered as the Father
of Modern Synchronic Linguistic, describes a
model in which a concept in the brain triggers
a sound pattern in the brain.
David K. Berlo’s Model
Eugene Nida’s Model
 This model includes an element of noise. It
also talks about a special message called
feedback.
Functions of Communication
1. Control- Communication functions to control
behavior.
2. Social Interaction- Communication allows individuals
to interact with others.
3. Motivation- Communication motivates or encourages
people to live better.
4. Emotional Expression- Communication facilitates
people’s expression of their feelings and emotions.
5. Information Dissemination- Communication functions
to convey information.
Features of an Effective Communication
(7 C’s of Effective Communication)
1. Completeness- Communication should include everything that the receiver needs to
hear for him/her to respond, react, or evaluate properly.
2. Conciseness- Making the message direct or straight to the point.
3. Consideration- Speaker should always consider relevant information about his/her
receiver such as mood, background, race preference, education, status, needs, among others.
4. Concreteness- Effective communication happens when the message is concrete and
supported by facts, figures, and real-life examples and situations.
5. Courtesy- Speaker is respecting the culture, values, and beliefs of his/her receivers.
6. Clearness- In communication, it implies the use of simple and specific words to express
the ideas. It is also achieved when the speaker focuses only on a single objective in his/her
speech so as not to confuse the audience.
7. Correctness- Correctness in grammar eliminates negative impact on the audience and
increases the credibility and effectiveness of the message.
Barriers to Communication
Barrier Example Solution
Emotional You are having a bad day or you feel
barriers frustrated.
You sit in a meeting or class where
you think the speaker is boring.

Use of jargon You are a doctor discussing a certain


malignant illness with the patient’s
family who does not know much
about the topic.
Lack of You are asked to share something
confidence about your day or weekend, but you
are hesitant because you are shy.
Noisy You are having a conversation with
environment some friends when a song was played
loudly.
Verbal Communication-refers to an interaction in which
words are used to relay a message

Things to consider:
1. Appropriateness- formal or informal
2. Brevity- use simple yet precise and powerful words
3. Clarity- clearly state your message and express
your ideas and feelings
4. Ethics- consider the gender, roles, ethnicity,
preferences, and status of the person you’re
talking to
5. Vividness- usually add color and spice to
communication
Nonverbal Communication- refers to all interaction
where behavior is used to convey and represent meanings.

- All kinds of human responses that are not


expressed in words (stares, smile, tone of
voice, movements, manners of walking,
standing and sitting, appearance, style of
attire, attitude towards punctuality and space,
personality and others.
Mastery of nonverbal communication is
important for several reasons:
1. It enhances and emphasizes the message of your speech, thus making it
more meaningful, truthful and relevant.
2. It can communicate feelings, attitudes, and perceptions without you saying
a word.
3. It can sustain the attention of listeners and keep them engaged in the
speech.
4. It gives the audience a preview to the type of speaker you are.
5. It makes you appear more dynamic and animated in your delivery.
6. T serves as a channel to release tension and nervousness.
7. It helps make your speech more dramatic.
8. It can build a connection with listeners.
9. It makes you a credible speaker.
10.It helps you vary your speaking style and avoid monotonous delivery.

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