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EEE 3115/CSE237: Digital Electronics / DPT

This document outlines the topics to be covered in the first unit of the Digital Electronics/DPT course, including: binary, octal, and hexadecimal number systems; binary coding; signed binary numbers; number complements; and error detection codes. It provides examples of binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers and their decimal equivalents. It also discusses the advantages of digital systems over analog systems, such as ease of programming, reduced hardware costs, high speed, reliability, and ease of design. Students are assigned problems involving binary signed magnitude representation and converting numbers between BCD, octal, and excess-3 codes.

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36 views18 pages

EEE 3115/CSE237: Digital Electronics / DPT

This document outlines the topics to be covered in the first unit of the Digital Electronics/DPT course, including: binary, octal, and hexadecimal number systems; binary coding; signed binary numbers; number complements; and error detection codes. It provides examples of binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers and their decimal equivalents. It also discusses the advantages of digital systems over analog systems, such as ease of programming, reduced hardware costs, high speed, reliability, and ease of design. Students are assigned problems involving binary signed magnitude representation and converting numbers between BCD, octal, and excess-3 codes.

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EEE 3115/CSE237

Digital Electronics / DPT


Lecture 01

Md. Abdul Ahad


Dept. of EEE
UNIT- I
Numbers Systems and Codes
Topics:
 Digital Systems
 Binary numbers
 Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers
 Number base conversions
 Binary Codes
 Signed Binary Numbers
 Complements of Numbers
 Arithmetic addition and subtraction
 Error detection and correcting codes
ANALOG & DIGITAL SIGNAL
An analog signal is a signal that can take on a continuous range of values.
Whereas a digital signal is a signal that can take on only discrete (specific) values.
DIGITAL SYSTEMS
A “digital system‟ is a data technology that uses
discrete (discontinuous) values represented by
high and low states known as bits.

Positive/high is expressed or represented by the


number 1 and non-positive/low by the number
Advantages of Digital system over Analog system
1. Ease of programmability: The digital systems can be used for differ
ent applications by simply changing the program without additional cha
nges in hardware.
2. Reduction in cost of hardware: The cost of hardware gets reduced
by use of digital components and this has been possible due to advanc
es in IC technology. With ICs the number of components that can be pl
aced in a given area of Silicon are increased which helps in cost reduct
ion.
3. High speed: Digital processing of data ensures high speed of operat
ion which is possible due to advances in Digital Signal Processing.
4. High Reliability: Digital systems are highly reliable one of the reaso
ns for that is use of error correction codes.
Advantages of Digital system over Analog system

5. Design is easy: The design of digital systems which require use of


Boolean algebra and other digital techniques is easier compared to ana
log designing.

6. Result can be reproduced easily: Since the output of digital syste


ms unlike analog systems is independent of temperature, noise, humidi
ty and other characteristics of components the reproducibility of results
is higher in digital systems than in analog systems.
BINARY NUMBER
A binary number is composed of two binary digits, 0 and 1 (0 = low voltage, 1 = high voltage)
By contrast, a decimal number such as 736 is represented by successive powers of 10:
73610 = 7 × 102 + 3 × 101 + 6 × 100
Similarly, a binary number such as 11100 (2810) can be expressed as successive powers of 2:
111002 = 1 × 24 + 1 × 23 + 1 × 22 + 0 × 21 + 0 × 20

Example:
1001.012 = [ (1 )× 23 ] + [( 0 )× 22 ] + [( 0 ) × 21 ] + [( 1 ) × 20 ] + [( 0 ) × 2-1 ] + [ ( 1 ) × 2-2 ]
– = [ 1 × 8 ] + [ 0 × 4 ] + [ 0 × 2 ] + [ 1 × 1 ] + [ 0 × 0.5 ] + [ 1 × 0.25 ]
= 9.2510
Octal and Hexadecimal
Two other number systems used in digital electronics include the octal and hexa
decimal systems. In the octal system (base 8), there are 8 allowable digits: 0, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

In the hexadecimal system, there (base 16) there are 16 allowable digits: 0, 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F. Here are example octal and hexadecimal
numbers with decimal equivalents:

2478 (octal) = 2 × 82 + 4 × 81 + 9 × 80 = 16710 (decimal)

2D516 (hex) = 2 × 162 + D (=1310) × 161 + 9 × 160 = 72510 (decimal)


Advantages of Binary Code:
Following is the list of advantages that binary code offers.
• Binary codes are suitable for the computer applications.
• Binary codes are suitable for the digital communications.
• Binary codes make the analysis and designing of digital circuits
if we use the binary codes.
• Since only 0 & 1 are being used, implementation becomes easy.
Signed Binary Numbers

Representation of signed numbers binary arithmetic

Two ways of represent signed binary numbers


1. Sign Magnitude form
2. Complemented form
Two complimented forms
i. The radix complement (r’s complement)
ii. The diminished radix complement ((r-1)’s complement)
Assignment

1. Find the Binary Signed magnitude representation of,


i) -89 ii) -128
2. Convert the number ‘583792’ to BCD, 2421 & Exc-3 codes

Submit before: 10/06/2021 (12:00 PM)


Submit to: [email protected]
Email subject: Assignment 01_(EEE3115/CSE237)_ID:152066042

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