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    3 Complications of L&D Passageway

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    Marlon Glorioso II
    The document discusses complications that can arise during labor and delivery due to issues with the components of labor, known as the 5 P's. It focuses on cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), which occurs when the fetal head is too large to fit through the mother's pelvis. CPD can be caused by inlet or outlet contraction of the pelvis. Methods to address CPD include pelvic measurements, trial labor, external cephalic version, forceps delivery, and vacuum extraction.

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    3 Complications of L&D Passageway

    Uploaded by

    Marlon Glorioso II
    249 views41 pages
    The document discusses complications that can arise during labor and delivery due to issues with the components of labor, known as the 5 P's. It focuses on cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), which occurs when the fetal head is too large to fit through the mother's pelvis. CPD can be caused by inlet or outlet contraction of the pelvis. Methods to address CPD include pelvic measurements, trial labor, external cephalic version, forceps delivery, and vacuum extraction.

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    The document discusses complications that can arise during labor and delivery due to issues with the components of labor, known as the 5 P's. It focuses on cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), which occurs when the fetal head is too large to fit through the mother's pelvis. CPD can be caused by inlet or outlet contraction of the pelvis. Methods to address CPD include pelvic measurements, trial labor, external cephalic version, forceps delivery, and vacuum extraction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    249 views41 pages

    3 Complications of L&D Passageway

    Uploaded by

    Marlon Glorioso II
    The document discusses complications that can arise during labor and delivery due to issues with the components of labor, known as the 5 P's. It focuses on cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD), which occurs when the fetal head is too large to fit through the mother's pelvis. CPD can be caused by inlet or outlet contraction of the pelvis. Methods to address CPD include pelvic measurements, trial labor, external cephalic version, forceps delivery, and vacuum extraction.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 41

    M PL I C A TI ON S O F L A B O R

    CO
    AND DE L I V E RY :
    PA SS A G E W A Y
    MAINE DAL E B . ROB L ES
    PREPARED BY: CHAR
    COMPONENTS OF LABOR (5 P’S)
    •POWER (UTERINE CONTRACTION AND BEARING DOWN EFFORTS)
    •PASSENGER (THE FETUS)
    •PASSAGEWAY (THE PELVIS)
    •PLACENTAL POSITION AND FUNCTIONS
    •PSYCHOLOGICAL RESPONSE
    CEPHALOPELVIC DISPROPORTION

    •3 RD
    REASON OF DYSTOCIA:
    • CONTRACTION OR NARROWING OF THE PASSAGEWAY OR BIRTH CANAL
    •NARROWING CAUSES CPD
    CEPHALOPELVIC DISPROPORTION

    •DISPROPORTION BETWEEN THE SIZE OF THE


    FETAL HEAD AND PELVIC DIAMETER
    •RESULTS IN FAILURE TO PROGRESS IN LABOR
    INLET CONTRACTION

    •NARROWING OF:
    •ANTEROPOSTERIOR DIAMETER OF THE PELVIS TO LESS
    THAN 11 CM
    •TRANSVERSE DIAMETER TO LESS THAN 12 CM
    INLET CONTRACTION

    •USUALLY IS CAUSED BY:


    •RICKETS IN EARLY LIFE
    •BY INHERITED SMALL PELVIS
    INLET CONTRACTION

    •RICKETS
    •CAUSED BY LACK OF CALCIUM
    •RARE IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
    INLET CONTRACTION
    •PRIMIGRAVIDA
    • FETAL HEAD NORMALLY ENGAGES BETWEEN WEEKS 36 TO 38 OF
    PREGNANCY
    • IF ENGAGEMENT DOES NOT OCCUR IN PRIMI, THE FOLLOWING ARE
    SUSPECTED:
    • FETAL ABNORMALITY: LARGER THAN USUAL HEAD
    • PELVIC ABNORMALITY: SMALLER THAN USUAL PELVIS
    INLET CONTRACTION

    •MULTIGRAVIDA
    • ENGAGEMENT: WHEN LABOR BEGINS
    • PREVIOUS VAGINAL BIRTH OF FULL TERM W/O PROBLEM PROOF THAT
    BIRTH CANAL IS ADEQUATE
    INLET CONTRACTION

    •PELVIC MEASUREMENT: PRIMIGRAVIDA


    •TAKEN AND RECORDED BEFORE WEEK 24 OF PREGNANCY
    INLET CONTRACTION

    •IF CPD EXIST


    •POSSIBLE CORD PROLAPSE
    OUTLET CONTRACTION

    •NARROWING OF THE TRANSVERSE DIAMETER, DIAMETER


    BETWEEN THE ISCHIAL TUBEROSITIES AT THE OUTLET TO
    LESS THAN 11CM
    OBSTERICAL PELVIC MEASUREMENT
    OBSTERICAL PELVIC MEASUREMENT
    OBSTERICAL PELVIC MEASUREMENT
    OBSTERICAL PELVIC MEASUREMENT
    TRANSVERSE AP DIAMETER
    DIAMETER
    INLET 13 CM 11 CM
    MID PELVIS 12 CM 12 CM
    OUTLET 11 CM 13 CM
    VARIATION OF PELVIC SHAPE
    VARIATION OF PELVIC SHAPE
    TRIAL LABOR
    TRIAL LABOR

    •INDICATED IF A WOMAN HAS A BORDERLINE (JUST ADEQUATE)


    INLET MEASUREMENT AND THE FETAL LIE AND POSITION ARE
    GOOD
    •TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE LABOR WILL PROGRESS NORMALLY
    TRIAL LABOR
    •DISCONTINUE (AFTER A DEFINITE PERIOD: 6-12 HOURS)
    • IF ADEQUATE PROGRESS IN LABOR CANT BE DOCUMENTED
    • FETAL DISTRESS OCCURS
    •FOR CS
    EXTERNAL CEPHALIC VERSION
    EXTERNAL CEPHALIC VERSION
    •TURNING A FETUS FROM A BREECH TO A
    CEPHALIC POSITION BEFORE BIRTH
    •MAY BE DONE AS EARLY AS 34- 35 WEEKS
    •USUAL TIME: 37-38 WEEKS
    EXTERNAL CEPHALIC VERSION
    • CONTRAINDICATION:
    • MULTIPLE GESTATION
    • SEVERE OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS
    • SMALL PELVIC DIAMETER
    • CORD THAT WRAPS AROUND THE FETAL NECK
    • UNEXPLAINED 3 TRIMESTER BLEEDING
    RD
    FORCEPS BIRTH
    FORCEPS BIRTH

    •OBSTERICAL FORCEP
    FORCEPS BIRTH

    •RARELY USED: CAN LEAD TO WOMAN


    •RECTAL SPHINCTER TEAR
    •DYSPAREUNIA AND INCONTINENCE
    FORCEPS BIRTH
    •FORCEPS MAY BE NECESSARY WITH ANY OF THE FOLLOWING
    CONDITIONS
    • UNABLE TO PUSH WITH CONTRACTIONS
    • CESSATION OF DESCENT IN THE 2 STAGE OFE LABOR
    ND

    • FETUS IN ABNORMAL POSITION


    • FETUS IS IN DISTRESS
    FORCEPS BIRTH
    •BEFORE FORCEPS ARE APPLIED:
    • MEMBRANES MUST BE RUPTURED
    • CPD MUST NOT BE PRESENT
    • CERVIX MUST BE FULLY DILATED
    • WOMAN’S BLADDER MUST BE EMPTY
    VACUUM EXTRACTION
    VACUUM EXTRACTION
    •ALSO KNOWN AS VENTOUSE
    •METHOD TO ASSIST DELIVERY OF A BABY USING A VACUUM DEVICE
    •USED IN THE SECOND STAGE OF LABOR IF IT HAS NOT PROGRESSED
    ADEQUATELY
    •ALTERNATIVE TO A FORCEPS DELIVERY AND CAESAREAN SECTION
    VACUUM EXTRACTION

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