Scribd
Upload
255 views35 pages

10.6 Heat Conduction Through Composite Walls

This document discusses heat conduction through composite walls and cooling fins. It describes how to calculate the heat transfer through walls made of multiple materials using Fourier's law of conduction. An example is given for a cylindrical composite wall. The document also covers how to analyze heat transfer from a cooling fin using non-dimensional analysis and the fin effectiveness. Free and forced convection are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Engr Muhammad Aqib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
255 views35 pages

10.6 Heat Conduction Through Composite Walls

This document discusses heat conduction through composite walls and cooling fins. It describes how to calculate the heat transfer through walls made of multiple materials using Fourier's law of conduction. An example is given for a cylindrical composite wall. The document also covers how to analyze heat transfer from a cooling fin using non-dimensional analysis and the fin effectiveness. Free and forced convection are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Engr Muhammad Aqib
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 35

10.

6
HEAT CONDUCTION THROUGH
COMPOSITE WALLS
 Thickness of material “01” = x1 – x0
 Thickness of material “12” = x2 – x1
 Thickness of material “23” = x3 – x2
 Thermal conductivity of material “01”=k01
 Thermal conductivity of material “12”=k12

 Thermal conductivity of material “23”=k23

 At x=x0 ,the left side of the composite wall (material


“01”)is in contact with a fluid with temperature =Ta
 At x=x3 ,the right side of the composite wall(material
“23”)is in contact with a fluid with temperature =Tb
 The energy balance for the problem in region 01

Division by WH∆x and applying limit ∆x approaches


zero.

 This same procedure can be repeated by for region 02


and 03 and it is concluded that
 Introduce fourier’s law for all three regions

 Integrate for thickness of each material


 For heat transfer at surfaces according to newton’s law
of cooling

 Addition of these all temperature equations give


 It may be rewritten as

 U is overall heat transfer coefficient


EXAMPLE 10.6-1
COMPOSITE CYLINDRICAL
WALLS
 An energy balance on a shell of volume 2πrL for region
01 is

 Which can be rewritten as

 In regions 12 and 23, rqr is equal to the same constant.


 Application of fourier’s law to all these regions

 Integration in these regions give


 At the two solid-fluid interfaces, we can write

 Addition of all these temperature equations give qo and


Qo can be calculated by

 where
10.7
HEAT CONDUCTION IN A
COOLING FIN
 Energy balance

 Insert fourier’s law

 solve this equation with applying boundary conditions


 Now introduce following dimensionless numbers

 This problem then takes the form

 These equations may be integrated to give hyperbolic


functions
 The effectiveness of the fin surface is defined by
FORCED CONVECTION
 Two limiting types of heat transport in fluids:
forced convection
free convection (also called natural convection)
 In some problems, however, both effects must be taken
into account, and then we speak of mixed convection
 Velocity distribution is


 The energy balance becomes
 Introduce dimensionless number
 Boundary conditions in dimensionless form become

 Hence a solution of following form seems reasonable


 Dimensionless axial coordinate may be written as
10.9
FREE CONVECTION
 The energy balance leads to the equation

 The temperature equation is solved using boundary


conditions

 The solution to this problem is

 For velocity distribution


 The phenomenon of free convection results from the fact
that when the fluid is heated, the density (usually)
decreases and the fluid rises. The mathematical
description of the system must take this essential feature
of the phenomenon into account.
 Because the temperature difference ∆T = T2 - TI is taken
to be small in this problem, it can be expected that the
density changes in the system will be small. This
suggests that we should expand ρ in a Taylor series about
the temperature
 ᵝ is coefficient of volume expansion which can be
calculated by

 So the velocity distribution becomes


 The solution is

 The final expression for velocity distribution is

 The average velocity in the upward moving stream is



Introduce Dimesionless velocity
and dimensionless coordinate

 Where Gr is dimensionless Grashof number

You might also like