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Application of Complex Analysis

Complex analysis is the branch of mathematics that investigates functions of complex numbers. It has applications in many areas of mathematics and science, such as algebraic geometry, number theory, physics, and engineering fields. Some key applications and uses of complex analysis include contour integration, electrical engineering, generating functions, Fourier analysis, conformal mapping, and computing eigenvalues.

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4MT19CS076Manvith A Shetty
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304 views

Application of Complex Analysis

Complex analysis is the branch of mathematics that investigates functions of complex numbers. It has applications in many areas of mathematics and science, such as algebraic geometry, number theory, physics, and engineering fields. Some key applications and uses of complex analysis include contour integration, electrical engineering, generating functions, Fourier analysis, conformal mapping, and computing eigenvalues.

Uploaded by

4MT19CS076Manvith A Shetty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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APPLICATION

OF COMPLEX
ANALYSIS
MANVITH A SHETTY
4MT19CS076
COMPLEX,ANALYSIS,PROBABILITY AND STATISTICAL METHODS
18MAT41
INSTRUCTOR: MS GIRIJA K
Complex analysis, traditionally known as the theory of
functions of a complex variable, is the branch of 
mathematical analysis that investigates functions of 
complex numbers. It is helpful in many branches of
mathematics, including algebraic geometry, number theory
, analytic combinatorics, applied mathematics; as well as
in physics, including the branches of hydrodynamics, 
thermodynamics, and particularly quantum mechanics. By
extension, use of complex analysis also has applications
in engineering fields such as nuclear, aerospace, 
mechanical and electrical engineering.
Contour integration
The best known example of this is contour integration. The integral of a complex function along a
closed path doesn’t depend on the path itself but on certain values (“residues”) associated with
places inside the path where the function has a singularity. This means that it is often easier to
integrate a real function of a real variable by converting it into a problem involving a contour
integral in the complex plane.

Electrical engineering
Electrical circuits with alternating current are one of the first places engineers see complex variables.
Digital filters are designed by looking the locations of zeros and poles in the complex plane. You can
tell a lot about the behavior of a filter from where the zeros and poles of its z-transform lie.
Generating Function Another example of where people simplify a problem by introducing
complex functions is generating functions. In calculus, you might have a homework problem to find
the power series coefficients of a function. Generating functions turn this on its head, taking a
sequence of numbers and making them the power series coefficients of a function. (Electrical
engineers do the same thing in signal processing, but they talk about z-transforms rather than
generating functions, though they’re essentially the same thing.) Generating functions make discrete
problems easier by turning them into continuous problems.

Fourier analysis
Fourier series and Fourier transforms are defined in terms of complex analysis, and Fourier
analysis comes up everywhere: in probability, signal processing, differential equations, etc. The
generating functions and z-transforms mentioned above are closely related to Fourier transforms.
Laplace transforms are a variation on Fourier transforms. Undergraduate classes prefer Laplace
transforms to Fourier transforms because they (appear to) avoid complex variables. But the inverse
of a Laplace transform requires complex analysis.
Conformal mapping
Another common application of complex analysis is conformal mapping,
using the magical properties of analytic functions to map a region of one
shape into a region of another shape in a way that has lots of nice
mathematical properties. You might, for example, want to transform a
mechanical problem on a complicated domain into an equivalent problem on
a circular disk.
Eigenvalues
Eigenvalues are one of the most common ways complex numbers appear
somewhat unexpectedly. Everything can be described by real numbers, but
then complex numbers pop out once you compute eigenvalues. And these
eigenvalues can be very informative. For example, in a differential equation
describing a mechanical system, complex eigenvalues tell you something is
oscillating. If these eigenvalues have negative real parts, the oscillations will
decay over time.

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