Function Defination

A function is a subprogram that acts on data and often

returns a value.
Why We use Functions??
• Divide the program into subtasks
• Reduce the number of lines
• Easy to read
• Reduce development cost and time
Functions
Function

Built in User defined

Built-in functions
• Also known as library functions
• We can directly call them
✔ pow(x,y), built-in function which is x to the power y.
✔ This function is declared in cmath header file.
User-defined functions
• The functions that we declare and write in our programs.
• It groups code to perform a specific task and that group of code is given a
name(identifier).
Functions
Function

Function call Function definition Function declaration

1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 int addition (int, int); Function declaration
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 int x = 10, y = 20;
9 int res = addition(x,y); Function call
10 cout << “result = “ << res;
11 return 0;
12 }
13
14 int addition (int a, int b) Function definition
15 {
16 int sum = a + b;
17 return sum;
18 }
19
20
21
22
1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 int addition (int, int); Function declaration
5
6 int main() • It tells the compiler about a
7 { function name and how to call
8 int x = 10, y = 20; the function.
9 int res = addition(x,y);
10 cout << “result = “ << res; • The actual body of the
11 return 0; function can be defined
12 } separately.
13
14 int addition (int a, int b)
15 {
16 int sum = a + b;
17 return sum;
18 }
19
20
21
22
1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 int addition (int, int); Function call
5
6 int main() • Pass the required parameters
7 { along with the function name,
8 int x = 10, y = 20; and if the function returns a
9 int res = addition(x,y); value, then you can store the
10 cout << “result = “ << res; returned value.
11 return 0;
12 } • x & y are actual parameters
13
14 int addition (int a, int b) • a & b are formal parameters
15 {
16 int sum = a + b;
17 return sum;
18 }
19
20
21
22
1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 int addition (int, int); Function definition
5
6 int main() • The function body contains a
7 { collection of statements that
8 int x = 10, y = 20; define what the function does.
9 int res = addition(x,y);
10 cout << “result = “ << res;
11 return 0;
12 }
13
14 int addition (int a, int b)
15 {
16 int sum = a + b;
17 return sum;
18 }
19
20
21
22
Types of user-defined functions
• No argument and no return value// int function(){ }
• No argument but return value // int function(){ return 1;}
• With argument but no return value // int function(int x, int y, int z){ }
• With argument and return value// int function(int x, float y){ return x*y; }
1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 void greatNum(); With no arguments and no return
5 value
6 int main()
7 {
8 greatNum();
9 return 0;
10 }
11
12 void greatNum()
13 {
14 int x, y;
15 cin >> x >> y;
16 if(x > y)
17 cout <<“The greater number is”<< x;
18 else
19 cout <<“The greater number is”<< y;
20 }
21
22
1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 int greatNum(); With no arguments and a return
5 value
6 int main()
7 {
8 int a = greatNum();
9 cout <<“The greater number is”<< a;
10 return 0;
11 }
12
13 int greatNum()
14 {
15 int x, y, greaterNum;
16 cin >> x >> y;
17 if(x > y)
18 greaterNum = x;
19 else
20 greaterNum = y;
21 return greaterNum;
22 }
1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 void greatNum(int, int); With arguments and no return
5 value
6 int main()
7 {
8 int x, y;
9 cin >> x >> y;
10 greatNum(x, y);
11 return 0;
12 }
13
14 void greatNum(int x, int y)
15 {
16 if(x > y)
17 cout <<“The greater number is”<< x;
18 else
19 cout <<“The greater number is”<< y;
20 }
21
22
1 #include<iostream> comment
2 using namespace std;
3
4 int greatNum(int , int); With arguments and a return
5 value
6 int main()
7 {
8 int x, y;
9 cin >> x >> y;
10 int a = greatNum(x, y);
11 cout <<“The greater number is”<< a;
12 return 0;
13 }
14
15 int greatNum(int x, int y)
16 {
17 if(x > y)
18 return x;
19 else
20 return y;
21 }
22
Swapping two Numbers
1 // Code to swap two numbers
2 #include<iostream>
3 using namespace std; n1 n2
4 35 45
5 void swap(int a, int b)
6 {
7 int temp;
8 temp = a; a b
9 a = b; 35 45
10 b = temp;
11 } temp
12 int main()
13 { 35
14 int n1 = 35, n2 = 45;
15 cout <<"Before : “<< n1 << “,” << n2;
16 swap(n1,n2); Output:
17 cout <<"After : “<< n1 “,” << n2;
18 return 0; Before : 35, 45
19 } After : 35, 45
20
21
22
1 // Code to swap two numbers
2 #include<iostream>
3 using namespace std; n1 n2
4 void swap(int *a, int *b) 35 45
5 {
6 int temp; 1000 2000
7 temp = *a;
8 *a = *b; a b
9 *b = temp; 1000 2000
10 }
11 int main() temp
12 {
13 int n1 = 35, n2 = 45; 35
14 cout <<"Before : “<< n1 << “,” << n2;
15 swap(&n1,&n2);
16 cout <<"After : “<< n1 “,” << n2; Output:
17 return 0;
18 } Before : 35, 45
19 After : 45, 35
20
21
22
THANK YOU