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Understanding Individual Differences

Individual differences are found in all psychological and physical characteristics and are influenced by heredity, environment, and education. Hereditary factors determine physical traits as well as intellectual and temperamental differences. The environment, including social, cultural, and emotional influences, also impacts individual variation. Education is a major factor that modifies traits and brings differences, with gaps between educated and uneducated individuals. Understanding these causes of individual differences is important for education to develop methods that provide each student with suitable instruction according to their capacities.

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Usagi Hamada
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96 views25 pages

Understanding Individual Differences

Individual differences are found in all psychological and physical characteristics and are influenced by heredity, environment, and education. Hereditary factors determine physical traits as well as intellectual and temperamental differences. The environment, including social, cultural, and emotional influences, also impacts individual variation. Education is a major factor that modifies traits and brings differences, with gaps between educated and uneducated individuals. Understanding these causes of individual differences is important for education to develop methods that provide each student with suitable instruction according to their capacities.

Uploaded by

Usagi Hamada
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Understanding Individual

Differences among Children and


Adults
Presenter: Sthefannie S. Baluyot
Definition of Individual
Differences

Individual Differences are found in all


psychological characteristics, physical and
mental abilities, knowledge, habit,
personality, and character traits.

Woodworth, R.S and Marquis D.G


Individual
Differences

Hereditary Environment

Physical Social
Cultural
Mental
Educational
Temperamental Emotional
HEREDITARY
PHYSICAL
Shortness or tallness of stature, darkness or fairness of complexion, fatness,
thinness, or weakness are various physical individual differences.
MENTAL
People differ in intellectual abilities and capacities like reasoning and thinking,
power of imagination, creative expression, concentration etc. • On the basis of
these differences they are usually classified as idiot, imbecile, moron, border line,
normal, very superior and genius
TEMPERAMENT
AL
Individuals differ in their attitudes towards different people, objects, institutions
and authority.
ENVIRONMENT
SOCIA
L found to be adjusted properly in the social situations and lead a happy
Some are
social life while others are socially handicapped, unsocial or antisocial.
CULTURA
L and maintained system of socially acquired values, beliefs,
Involves the integrated
and rules of conduct which impact the range of accepted behaviors distinguishable
from one societal group to another.
EMOTIONAL
In some individuals, positive emotions like love, affection and amusement and the
like are prominent whereas, in some negative emotions are more powerful.

• Individuals also differ in the manner they express their emotions. Some are
emotionally stable and mature, while others are emotionally unstable and
immature.
EDUCATIONA
Lmajor factor which brings individual differences. There is a wide
Education is one
gap in the behaviors of educated and uneducated persons. All traits of human
beings like social, emotional and intellectual are controlled and modifies through
proper education.
Implication
in Education
1. Proper knowledge of the individual’s potentialities

The first step in making provision for the individual differences is to know about the abilities,
capacities, interests, aptitudes and other personality traits of individual pupils.

2. It is wrong to expect uniformity in gaining proficiency or success in a particular field from a group
of students. On account of their subnormal
intelligence, previous background, lack of proper interest,
aptitude and attitude etc. some students lag behind in one
or the other area of achievement.

• All students cannot be benefited by a particular method


of instruction and a uniform and rigid curriculum.
3. Adjusting the curriculum

• The curriculum should be as flexible and differentiated as possible.


• It should have the provision for a number of diversified courses and co-curricular experiences.
• It should provide adjustment suiting the local requirements and potentialities of the students in
different groups.
4. Adjusting the method of teaching

• Every teacher should be somewhat free to formulate his own plan and strategy and adopt
instructional procedure which he finds most suited to the particular types of pupils under him.
• He should try to follow a different procedure or method of instruction suiting the requirements
of varying ability groups of his pupils.
5. Don’t get locked into “lock-step” teaching.

All students don’t need to be doing exactly the same thing at the same time. You might adopt
“differentiated instruction,” where one group pursues one activity while you work closely with
another group on particular skills or concepts.
To SUM up ...
Causes of Individual
Difference
01 Heredity

02 Environment

03 Education
Causes of Individual Difference
01 Heredity

Some heretical traits bring a change from one individual to other. An individual’s
height, size, shape and color of hair, shape of face, nose, hands and legs so to say
the entire structure of the body is determined by his heretical qualities. Intellectual
differences are also to a great extent influenced by hereditary factor
so as temperaments.
Causes of Individual Difference
02 Environment

Environment brings individual differences in behavior, activities, attitude, and


style of life characteristics, personality etc. Environment does not refer only
physical surroundings but also it refers the different types of people, society, their
culture, customs, traditions, social heritage, ideas and ideals.
Causes of Individual Difference
03 Education

Education is one major factor which brings individual differences. There is a wide
gap in the behaviors of educated and uneducated persons. All traits of human
beings like social, emotional and intellectual are controlled and modifies through
proper education.
The Educational Implication of Individual
Differences in mental abilities, academic
aptitudes, and in school achievements constitutes
a basic factor in education. The challenge
therefore is to devise methods of dealing with
large number of pupils in such a way that each
pupil will receive the direction, guidance, and
special work which requires in order to improve
himself to the maximum of his capacities.
Learning from home can be
difficult, but it's definitely
achievable.

THANK
fo
YOU r
i st e ni
L

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