Conservative Philosophy

Conservative
Philosophy
Essentialism
TEACHER: DR.PROF SAFIA UROOJ
COURSE CODE#531, GROUP#6
COURSE TITLE:PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
Group Members
5.RAMESHAH
1.SHAZRA
3.HARIB HUSSAIN ANWER
RIASAT
4.SHEHNILA 6.HIRA
2.FOUZIA
SADAF SIDDIQUI
GULNAZ
7.RUBINA
• CONSERVATISM
1. • FOUNDER OF MODERN CONSERVATISM
• TYPES OF CONSERVATISM
2. • PRINCIPLES OF CONSERVATISM
• ESSENTIALISM
3. • EDUCATIONAL ESSENTIALISM
• BASIC PRINCIPLE OF ESSENTIALISM

4. • GOAL OF EDUCATION
• CURRICULUM
5. • METHOD OF INSTRUCTION
• ESSENTIALIST CLASSROOM
6. • ROLE OF TEACHER IN ESSENTIALISM
• DISCIPLINE
7. • CONCLUSION
CONSERVATISM
Conservatism is a political and social
philosophy promoting traditional social
institutions.
The central tenets of conservatism may vary in

relation to the traditional values or practices of
the culture and civilization in which it appears.
Conservatism emphasis on traditions and relies

on the individual to maintain society.
Gradualism is one form.
The first known use of the term in a political

context was by François-René de Chateaubriand
in 1818.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iHfh8zeM
FOUNDER OF MODERN CONSERVATISM
In the 19th century, Edmund Burke
was praised by both conservatives and
liberals.
 Subsequently in the 20th century, he
became widely regarded as the
philosophical founder of
modern conservatism.
In his
Reflections on the Revolution in France
, Burke asserted that the revolution
was destroying the fabric of good
society and traditional institutions of
state and society and condemned the
persecution of the Catholic Church
that resulted from it.
TYPES OF CONSERVATISM
 There are six types of conservatism.
1.Fiscal 3.National 5.Social

Conservatism. Conservatism. Conservatism.
2.Libertarian 4.Traditionalist 6.Cultural
Conservatism Conservatism Conservatism.
1.Fiscal Conservatism
 Fiscal conservatism is a political and economic philosophy.
 Fiscal policy and fiscal responsibility advocating low taxes,

reduced government spending and minimal government debt.
 Deregulation, free trade, privatization and tax cuts are its

defining qualities.
2.Liberal Conservatism
 Liberal conservatism is a political ideology combining
conservative policies with liberal stances.
 Especially on economic, social and ethical issues, representing a

brand of political conservatism strongly influenced by liberalism.
3. National Conservatism
 National conservatism is a variant of conservatism common in
Europe and Asia.
 Concentrates on upholding national and cultural identity, while

mixing conservative elements with purely nationalist ones.
4. Social Conservatism
• Social conservatism is a political philosophy and variety of

conservatism .
• places emphasis on traditional power structures over social
pluralism, and seeks to "reverse or stem the direction of
change".
5.Traditional Conservatism
 Traditional conservatism, also referred to as classical
conservatism, European conservatism.
 Traditional conservatism or traditionalism, is a political and

social philosophy .
 It emphasizing the need for the principles of a transcendent moral

order, manifested through certain natural laws to which society
ought to conform in a prudent manner.
 Traditionalist conservatism places a strong emphasis on the

notions of custom, convention, authority and tradition.
6. Cultural Conservatism
 Cultural conservatism is
described as the protection
of the cultural heritage of a
nation state, or of a culture
not defined by state
boundaries.
 Cultural conservatism
refers more to norms and
practices than it does to
morals and values.
Principles of Conservatism
 Some times portrayed as a “Negative Philosophy” Conservatism
desires to resist change, and conservatives have traditionally
Eschewed the “Politics of Principle”. Its principally values:
 Tradition
 Humans imperfections
 Organic Society
 Hierarchy and Authority
 Long term change
 Human Thinking Runs According to Society
Examples
 France Revolution (1789-1803)
 Indian Secular State
 A Human Life
Essentialism
 Definition.’’ Essentialism is an
educational theory that ideas and
skills basic to a culture should be
taught to all alike by time-tested
methods.
 The term Essentialism is an

Educational Philosophy was
originally popularized in the 1930’s
by the American educator William
Bagley.
 William Bagley(1874-1946)was the

founder of the Essentialism
Movement.
Educational Essentialism
 Educational Essentialism is a theory
states that, Children should learn the
traditional basic subjects and those
should be learnt thoroughly and
rigorously.
 An Essentialist Program normally

teaches children progressively, from
less complex skill to more complex.
 The foundation of Essentialism took

place in 1938 by William Bagley.
Basic Principle Of Essentialism
 In the Essentialists platform,
which Bagley Publish in April
1938, the essentialists offered
several basic educational
principles.
 Underlying Philosophical Basis

 Metaphysis
 Epistemology
 Axiology
Goal Of Education
The Main Aim Of Education are To prepare students
to be productive, Contributing, members of the
society.
To teach the young the essentials they need to live well
in the modern world.
Curriculum
 Essentialism is related to the
cultural literacy movement .
 It advocates the teaching of a
core set of knowledge common
to (and assumed to be
possessed) by member of a
culture of society.
 Essentialism tries to insist all
students with the most
essential or basic academic
knowledge, skills and character
development.
 The content gradually moves
towards more complex skills
and detailed knowledge.
Method of Instruction
 Essentialist avoids
methodological add and soft
pedagogy and concentrate on so
proven instructional methods.
 Students learn passively.

 It’s a lecture based class.
 Students takes notes.
 Elementary students receive • Subjects most often

associated with the
instruction in skills such as
development of creativity
writing, reading, measurement
such as Art and Music to be
and computers.
provided.
Essentialist Classroom
 Essentialists urge that the most
essential or basic academic skills and
knowledge be thought to all the
students .
 Essentialist hoped that students leave
school they must possess basic
knowledge and skills.
 Students must be disciplined, • Essentialist programs
practical minds, capable of applying are academically
lessons learned in school in the real rigorous, for both slow
world. and fast learners.
 In essentialist classroom students are • Essentialist believe in
taught to be ‘’Culturally Literate.’’ strict classroom.
Role Of Teacher in Essentialism
1. Essentialist teacher focus heavily on
achievements, test score as a means of
evaluating programs .
2. The teacher teaches discipline and hard
work.
3. The teacher is an expert of content
knowledge.
4. The teacher is accountable for student-
learning.
5. Teacher's hold and order in the class is of
the essence no education or learning can
take place in a noisy environment.
6. Teacher are the leaders of the classroom is
a very important tenet of Educational
Essentialism
7. Teachers are the center of the classroom,
they should be rigid and disciplinary.
Discipline
 The report “A NATION AT

RISK” reflects that the
essentialist emphasis on
strictness.
 It calls for more core

requirements, a longer
school day, a longer
academic year, and more
challenging textbooks.
Conclusion
 Conservatism emphasis on traditions and relies on the individual
to maintain society.
 Gradualism is basic concept. The first known use of the term in a
political context was by François-René de Chateaubriand in 1818.
 Edmund Burke founder of modern conservatism.
 Types of conservatism: Fiscal ,Libertarian, National, Traditionalist,
Social Conservatism, Cultural Conservatism.
 Educational Essentialism is a theory which states that: “Children
should learn the traditional basic subjects and these should be
learned thoroughly and rigorously.’’
 William Bagley(1874-1946)was the founder of the Essentialism
Movement.
 Essentialism a dynamic force in the earlier stage of modern
history , becomes a conserving force as the culture that formerly
nourished it and to which it has since been loyal and grateful strains
towards further sweeping change.
REFERENCES:
 McKeown, Greg, Essentialism: The Disciplined Pursuit of Less,
Apr 15, 2014, Random House Publishing Group, ISBN:
9780804137393.
 https://www.britannica.com/topic/conservatism, written by
Richard Dagger, Professor of Political Science, Arizona State
University, Tempe. Author of Civic Virtues: Rights, Citizenship,
and Republican Liberalism and others.
 Jerry Z. Muller, ed. (1997). Conservatism: An Anthology of Social
and Political Thought from David Hume to the Present.
Princeton U.P. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-691-03711-0.
 Fawcett, Edmund (2020-10-20). Conservatism: The Fight for a
Tradition. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-17410-5.
 https://www.chronicle.com/article/the-conservative-reaction/
 https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/essentialism

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Conservative

• BASIC PRINCIPLE OF ESSENTIALISM

The central tenets of conservatism may vary in

Conservatism emphasis on traditions and relies

The first known use of the term in a political

1.Fiscal 3.National 5.Social

 Fiscal policy and fiscal responsibility advocating low taxes,

 Deregulation, free trade, privatization and tax cuts are its

 Especially on economic, social and ethical issues, representing a

 Concentrates on upholding national and cultural identity, while

• Social conservatism is a political philosophy and variety of

 Traditional conservatism or traditionalism, is a political and

 It emphasizing the need for the principles of a transcendent moral

 Traditionalist conservatism places a strong emphasis on the

 The term Essentialism is an

 William Bagley(1874-1946)was the

 An Essentialist Program normally

 The foundation of Essentialism took

 Underlying Philosophical Basis

 Students learn passively.

 Elementary students receive • Subjects most often

 The report “A NATION AT

 It calls for more core

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