Passenger Ship Familiarization

&
Crowd Management
IMO Model Course 1.28
The Goal of Crowd Management

To optimize the chances of survival of

passengers and crew during emergency
situations
 Training Objectives
At the end of the session the trainees shall
be able to :
 Familiarize with the life-saving and fire-
fighting equipment, and the use of
emergency control plans
 Assist passengers en-route to muster
stations and emergency stations
 Execute Mustering procedures through
effective communication with passengers
 What is Crowd Management
is the disciplined and practical use of
acquired skills intelligently to be able to
control and direct crowds with threat of
panic en-route to muster stations in an
Emergency situation.
 What is panic ?
A reaction of flight, immobility and/or
disorganization stemming from intense

“fear”

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY

College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
 BASIC INSTINCT

 Prepares you to Fight

 Prepares you to Run
 Brain on red alert
 Adrenaline Rush
 Extra muscle power
 Basic Reaction Patterns
• Active – 10% to 30%
– WILLING TO DO SOMETHING
• Passive – 50% to 75%
– ONLY WAITING DOING NOTHING
• Panic – 1% to 3%
– OVERWHELMED with FEAR
An Introduction to STCW 95
 What is STCW 78?
STCW stands for the International
Convention on Standards of Training,
Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers
ratified in 1978.
– Entered into force 1984
– Ratified by most governments 1992
– Revised Convention signed 1995
 Why the Revision?
• Casualties / human factor
• Lack of competence
• Changes in crew supply
• Varying education and training systems
• Good principles but not specific
• Insufficient backing for the authorities’
implement and control
 STCW 95
Regulation for Passenger ship
The Regulation in the STCW
concerning passenger ship are:
 Regulation V/2 – for RO-RO
passenger ships
 Regulation V/3 – for
passenger ship other than
RO-RO passenger ships
 Crowd Management Training
The crowd management training required by
STCW’95 as amended regulation V/3,
paragraph 4 for personnel designated in the
muster list to assist passengers in
emergency situations shall include, but not
necessarily be limited to :
Video on Crowd Management
 Awareness of
Life Saving Appliances
Video on Life Saving Appliances
Solas Approved Lifejackets
Other Solas Approved Lifejackets

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY

College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
 Life Boats

Open Life Boats Enclosed Life Boats

 Life Rafts

Pre fall Davit Launch

Evacuation Video
Life Ring & Life Bouy
Immersion Suit & TPA
Evacuation Slides & Chute

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY

College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
Fire Fighting Apparatus
Know Your Fire Extinguisher
Know Your Fire Extinguisher
Other Fire Fighting Apparatus
 Control Plan
 IMO symbols of LSA & FFA
 Ship’s Nomenclature
 Location of Evacuation
groups
 Quantity & Type
 Escape Routes
 Doors & Ventilation
 Fire Alarms & Fire Lockers
Control Plan
Ship’s Signage
Knowledge of Muster Lists
and
Emergency Instructions
 Muster List or Station Bill
Is a valuable documents containing the
emergency duties and responsibilities of
each crew member, as well as lifeboat
embarkation and abandon ship.
Station bills/ muster list is to be found in
the bridge, engine control room, crew
mess room and crew accommodation’s
alleyways.
 Muster List or Station Bill
• The Muster List shows “Where all crew
members should be” during an
Emergency.

• Crew MUST fully understand the list and

the “Emergency Instructions that
accompany it”
Sample Muster List
 Crew Muster Stations
GENERAL INSTRUCTION :
• All of the instructions on where you must
go in case of an emergency are listed on
your emergency card. It is also referred to
as the BOAT & FIRE DRILL CARD. This
card will be given to you shortly after you
sign on board the ship. It gives instructions
as to your responsibilities in cases of
emergency and during drills on board.
 Emergency CARD DUTIES
1. Know instructions on the card for:
(a) "BOAT DRILL" for "Abandon
Ship“ emergencies.
(b) "FIRE DRILL" for "fire on
board" emergencies.
2. As a crew member, your participation in the
Boat and Fire Drills is extremely important
so far as ship's safety is concerned.
 Emergency CARD DUTIES
3. It is the duty of each crew member to insure
that he/she is in possession of their own BOAT
AND FIRE DRILL CARD at all times. Each card
shows the date of issuance.
4. No excuse may be offered for being unable to
produce a BOAT AND FIRE DRILL CARD. Any
crew member without such a card must report
it immediately to the Officer on duty on the
bridge.
5. Upon sign-off, the BOAT AND FIRE DRILL
CARD must be turned in to the Department
Head
Sample Emergency Card
Muster Station
Knowledge of emergency exits
 Ship’s Lay-out importance!
• It is very important for you to know your way
around the ship and find your way to your
muster station.
• You must learn how the ship is organized (the
layout) as soon as possible.
• A good way of doing this is to study the deck
plans color brochure and the "PAX AND CREW
STAIRS PLAN."
• Knowledge of common ship terms for
numbering systems, direction and levels will be
essential for you to know where you are on the
ship.
 Ship terms and definitions:
• PORT - The "left hand side" of the ship as you
face the bow. Cabins and equipment on the port
side will have even numbers (numbers that can
be divided by 2).
• STARBOARD - The "right hand side" of the ship
as you face the bow. Cabins and equipment on
the starboard side will have odd numbers
(1,3,5,7,9, etc.).
• FORWARD - Going towards the bow (front) of the
ship. Numbers on cabins and equipment will get
smaller as you go forward.
 Ship terms and definitions:
• AFT - Going towards the stern (back end)
of the ship. Numbers on cabins and
equipment will get larger as you go aft.
• DECK - Similar to a "floor" in a building on
shore. Decks are numbered from 0 (zero)
and increasing to usually a number less
than 20 (twenty). Decks can also have
names and are often color coded.
Color Coded Decks
 Restrictions on the use of
elevators
Execute posting of stewards to direct
passengers to use stairs not elevators in
an emergency
• Posting to restrict
passengers
• Equipment failure
• Safety devices
failure
• No appropriate
signage
Assistance to passengers en-route to
muster or embarkation stations

 Initial and intermediate stages of

evacuation
 Confusion & hindrance
 Action of Passengers
 Establish authority
 Clear and Reassuring Orders
• Physical presence
• Location
• Clothing
• Attitude
• Simple orders
• Low pitch voice
• Repeat important information
Important in communication
 The Passengers feels secured
if
somebody looks up to them
 USE A STAGE OR A high Platform or
table for you to be immediately seen by
PASSENGERS
Necessary when communicating
with passengers

“ STRENGTH of CHARACTER
and a WIDE
MEASURE of DIPLOMACY”
 Areas of Posting
 Arousing Passengers in Cabins
 Corridors / Passage ways guide
 Stairway guide
 Fire Screen Door Assist
 Elevator lobbies
 Intersections
 Muster station personnel
 Control of Passengers in
stairways & passageways

When Passengers Helpers is needed:

 Big Group w/ children
 Panic stricken passengers
 Handicapped & passive
 Hurt and Injured passengers

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY

College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
 Escape Route

An escape route is the entire passage

way from your location up to the Muster
or Embarkation stations
 Escape routes clear from
obstructions
Escape route typical obstructions
 Laundry Trolleys
 Bus boy push carts
 Provision boxes
 Luggage’s
 Locked doors
 Repair tools/equipment
 Fire fighting equipment
 Hard wares
 Escape routes clear from
obstructions
Escape route typical obstructions
 Sun deck chairs
 Portable bars
 Ornamental plants
 Decors
 Sports equipment
 Blocked fire screen doors
 Blocked water tight doors
 Wheel chairs
 Garbage bins
Evacuation of Disabled & Persons
Needing Special Assistance
 Location of disabilities
 Attitude of disabled passenger considered
 Communication - calmly
 Accompanying Persons
 Life-support equipment
The Neil Robertson Stretcher

The casualty fully strapped is being

hoisted to a safe area
EMS Immobile – VAC Mattress
video on Hospital Equipment
Search of accommodation spaces
 Mark door of searched cabin
 Safety of team
 Use proper equipment
 Well communicated action
 Coordinated action
 Efficiency & speed
 Mustering Procedures
 Be familiar with the major considerations
to keep order and avoid panic
 Know the importance of Passenger lists-
roll call’s, passenger’s clothing and
lifejackets donning’s
 Do activities to distract – relieve tension of
passengers
 Prepare passengers for abandon ship –
crocodile queue’s
Muster Station Personnel Tasks
1) Maintain calm. Seat all
passengers if possible
2) Explain lifejacket issue is
precautionary only
3) Issue lifejacket
4) Silence - Stand where you can be seen
- Demonstrate wearing of lifejacket
5) Instruct Passengers to Don Lifejackets
 Muster Station Personnel Tasks
6) Instruct Passengers to Don Lifejackets
7) Assist where necessary. Ensure all
are worn correctly
8) Maintain calm - Reseat Passengers -
Ask for silence
9) Commence crew count
10) Detail crew members to assist old
and disabled passengers
11) Explain what is happening be factual need
to know basis only
 Muster Station Personnel Tasks
12) Control parties are dealing with
the incident
13) Captain in full control of the situation
14) Boat preparation team in action
for precautionary measures only
15) Update information as required
16) Explain evacuation procedures
and indicate exits
17) Assure passengers that the ship is
the best lifeboat
 Muster Station Personnel Tasks
18) Explain the abandon ship procedures
19) Communicate passenger crew
and headcount to central
command
20) Continue to maintain calm and re-
assure passengers
FIRE TEAMS & MAN-OVERBOARD
EVAC. GROUPS
TEAMS
ABANDONSHIP
RESPONSE TEAMS &
EVACUATION GROUPS

BOAT PREP TEAM STEERING

CASUALTY TEAMS

CENTRAL
CLEARING OUT Operational Command EVACUATIO
PARTY Bridge N
COMMAND

BOMB THREAT COLLISION TEAMS

TEAMS & EVAC. & EVAC. GROUPS
GROUPS Zone leaders
 Importance of keeping order
In-charge of the muster station are from time
to time to give factual information to the
passengers and make some activity for the
passengers.
This way their minds will be focused on
something else rather than the danger itself
 Importance of keeping order
The primary function in keeping order is to
organize queue’s, to ensure that the
persons are seated correctly in the
lifeboats. This way the passengers will less
likely to panic. There will be an atmosphere
of order and control
Passengers without lifejacket should be
issued one from the spares locker
 Ways in keeping order at the
muster station
Apply the clear and re-assuring orders, this
simply means that you give the passengers
factual information from time to time.
You must keep the passengers busy, keep
them occupied in both information and activity
The activity that you can do is by doing a
simple roll call or do a lifejacket demonstration
or the crocodile queue.
 Ways in keeping order at the
muster station
Try to assess the situation. Look for signs of
unusual behavior amongst the passengers
and try to address it.
Be prepared in organizing the crocodile queue
of passengers routed to the lifeboat stations.
Assign a crewmember to demonstrate it to the
passengers.
 Keeping Order in the Muster
Station
• Establish authority
• Keep people occupied
• Organize crocodile queue to lifeboats
• Ensure correct boarding and seating in the
lifeboat
 Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• Re-uniting families and disabilities with
their accompanying persons. Children
require special attention. It is essential to
connect capable helpers with such children
 Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• Stop the rumor mill of
detrimental information amongst the
passengers
• Inject fresh information about the
good progress of the evacuation
 Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• The trouble makers (the active
persons) must not be allowed to
be kept
act freely,
should theyoccupied with helping

others
active persons with persons
• Conne
having panicked or which are in need
ct help in any other way
of
 Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• Panic consumes resources. Ask help from
composed adult persons
• Leadership is essential, in it’s absence
rumors will spread and strong-willed but
ill-informed passengers may attempt to
influence events
Passenger List for Mustering

A passenger list for

each muster station
may facilitate an
efficient and focused
search of the
passenger areas.
International Legislation , Codes
and Agreements
• One compartment ship is not allowed
• Can withstand wave heights of more
than
1.5 meters
• Can survive in more severe sea conditions
• Shell doors must be hydro-tested
on annual ship survey
• Passenger ship safety certificate
renewed every year.
• International ship security
certificate renewed every year
International Legislation , Codes
and Agreements
• RO-RO vessel can not operate with open
doors unless it is power operated or can be
closed from the bridge
• Lashing and securing 01.06.96 SOLAS
made mandatory to carry a cargo securing
manual to ensure cargo is secured for the
intended voyage.
Opening, Closing and Securing
Hull Openings
• Ship’s Procedures
• Entries in the log book
• Certified Operators
• Positive Reports
• Indicator lights and CCTV
 Details of Appliances

• Deck Gangway shell doors

• Pilot Doors
• Stern door
• Bow door and ramp
• Hoistable car decks
• Stores cranes
• Main Engine Room Crane
 Hull Opening Regulations
• No Ramp door / Shell door to be open
without OOW informed and full approval
given
• Only Certified operators is authorized
to open the Ramp doors
• One deck crew to attend at all times
when Ramp door is open
• Ramp door to be closed as soon as work is
completed
• Activities to be logged in the official
logbook
 Legislation Affecting RO-RO
Passenger Ships
• National & International Regulations
• Ship Restrictions
• Approved loading and discharging berths
 Passenger Safety Training
The passengers safety training required
by regulation V/3,paragraph 7
for masters,
mates chief assigned immediate
and persons
responsibility for embarking and
passengers shall at least
disembarking
ensure attainment of the ability appropriate to
their duties and responsibilities to embark
and disembark passengers with special
attention to disabled persons and persons
needing assistance
 Passenger Safety Training
Relation with other requirement
ISM code
• ISM code awareness
• Safety management system (SMS) training – ship
specific
STCW code
• Shipboard familiarization
• Safety familiarization
• Periodic Safety drills and exercises
ISPS code training
• Ship security awareness
• Anti-piracy training
 Passenger Safety Training
- Ship Type Specific Competence -

• Technical arrangements for passenger

embarkation and disembarkation
• Special considerations for the handicapped
passengers
• The use of tenders on the embarkation and
disembarkation of passengers
• Security arrangements on the embarkation
of passengers