31 March 2021 Presentation For ICEWE

Research Title
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF NANOPARTICLES BASED SOLAR WATER DESALINATION SETUP USING AN INTEGRATED SOLAR STILL AND PARABOLIC
TROUGH COLLECTOR
Muhammad Amjad1 , Hafiz Muhammad Ali Hassan1
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore,
1
Background
• Problem statement:
Only one percent water is drinkable in this world. The whole world and Pakistan is facing
different issues of fresh water and water borne diseases. Pakistan has a great potential
towards utilization of solar energy. Solar energy can play an important role to eradicate
water borne issues and it can fulfill the fresh water needs in Pakistan. Solar energy can be
used for desalination of sea water. The solar absorption of water is very low which can be
significantly increased by adding various types of nanoparticles. Nanoparticle based solar
driven water distillation system can be used to produce fresh and potable water.
• Why this study is important?
Water quantity is decreasing day by day. We have to do research on different methods to
make fresh drinkable water. If we did give importance to the research work for making
drinkable water, our future generation has to suffer water borne diseases.
• What are practical / industrial applications?
We can apply the experimental setup ( thesis) at industry level and we can make fresh
drinkable water not only at small scale but also at industrial application.
2
Design / Method(s) / Materials
• Simulation / Design parameters

• Flow rate for the pump = 1 L/m
• Solar still base area = 0.20 m2
• Solar still inclined glass area = 0.2627 m2
• Total area of the flat plate collector = 57cm x 57 cm
• Total area of the parabolic trough collector = 1.336 m2

• Total thermocouples used = 6
• Pyranometer = 1
• Pipe Material of FPC and PTC = copper
• Test Methods
Two step method for nanofluid preparation
3
Design / Method(s) / Materials
• Figure of experimental setup
4
Results
5
Conclusions
• Conclusion:
• (1) The ideal concentration when using the graphite and copper
• oxide micro-flakes is 1% as weight fraction.
• (2) The optimal brine water depths when using the graphite and
• copper oxide micro-flakes are 0.5 and 1 cm, respectively.
• (3) The maximum increase of modified still productivity is
• achieved when using the graphite micro flakes (53.95% and
• 43.10% with and without glass cooling during the daytime
• at a brine water depth of 0.5 cm and a concentration of 1%).
• Using the copper oxide micro-flakes increased the output
• productivity of the modified still by 44.91% and 37.02%
• higher than that of the traditional one with and without
• cooling, respectively, during the daytime at a brine water
• depth of 0.5 cm and a concentration of 1%.
• (5) Using the graphite and copper oxide micro-flakes when
• using the exhausted glass cooling water as a makeup water
• increased the distilled water of modified still by about
• 57.60% and 47.80%, respectively, higher than that of the
• conventional.
• (6) The daily efficiency of 30% is found for the conventional still.
• While, the daily efficiencies of 38% and 40% are obtained
• when using copper oxide and graphite without glass cooling,
• respectively. Finally, the stills’ daily efficiencies when using
• copper oxide and graphite micro-flakes with glass cooling
• are 46% and 49%, respectively.
• Future recommendations:
PCM can also play an important role in desalination if used in solar still. So combinations of
PTC, FPC, solar still, nanoparticles and PCM are guaranteed for increased production rate
desalinated water
6
Acknowledgements
• In the name of ALLAH ALMIGHTY, the Most Merciful and the
Most Beneficial. First and foremost, many praises for ALLAH
ALMIGHTY and whole-hearted gratefulness of the Great Creator,
who granted us this precious opportunity.
• During this research, I have engaged with many people. Opening
with special thanks to, my supervisors who always stand by my
side, Dr. Muhammad Amjad for providing me opportunity to
work with them actively, in order to develop my exposure
concerning to solar water desalination aided by nanofluids. They
led and guided me in a professional manner to accomplish this
research work.
• I am also obliged to all the teachers of Mechanical Engineering
Department, New Campus, U.E.T Lahore, for teaching and
guiding me during my entire course work.
7
References
[1] S. Burn, M. Hoang, D. Zarzo, F. Olewniak, E. Campos, B. Bolto, et al.,

"Desalination techniques—A review of the opportunities for desalination in
agriculture," Desalination, vol. 364, pp. 2-16, 2015.
[2] M. Chandrashekara and A. Yadav, "Water desalination system using solar
heat: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 67, pp. 1308-
1330, 2017.
[3] C. B. Maia, F. V. Silva, V. L. Oliveira, and L. L. Kazmerski, "An overview of the
use of solar chimneys for desalination," Solar Energy, vol. 183, pp. 83-95, 2019.
[4] R. A. Kusumadewi, S. Notodarmodjo, and Q. Helmy, "Utilization of solar
energy for sea water and brackish water desalination using vacuum pressure
and number of trays variations," in MATEC Web of Conferences, 2018, p. 13015.
[5] T. Prathna, S. K. Sharma, and M. Kennedy, "Nanoparticles in household level
water treatment: an overview," Separation and Purification Technology, vol.
199, pp. 260-270, 2018.

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31 March 2021 Presentation For ICEWE

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Research Title

• Simulation / Design parameters

• Total area of the flat plate collector = 57cm x 57 cm

• Total area of the parabolic trough collector = 1.336 m2

• Figure of experimental setup

[1] S. Burn, M. Hoang, D. Zarzo, F. Olewniak, E. Campos, B. Bolto, et al.,

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