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Expression of Showing Cause and Effect

This document provides an English lesson for vocational school students on expressing cause and effect using conjunctions and connectors in sentences. It defines cause and effect, provides examples of sentences using connectors like "because", "since", and "for" to link clauses showing cause and effect. Exercises are included to have students practice writing sentences using these connectors correctly and identifying causes and effects in given sentences. The deadline for submitting the exercises is provided.

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Ayla Kania
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266 views10 pages

Expression of Showing Cause and Effect

This document provides an English lesson for vocational school students on expressing cause and effect using conjunctions and connectors in sentences. It defines cause and effect, provides examples of sentences using connectors like "because", "since", and "for" to link clauses showing cause and effect. Exercises are included to have students practice writing sentences using these connectors correctly and identifying causes and effects in given sentences. The deadline for submitting the exercises is provided.

Uploaded by

Ayla Kania
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENGLISH LESSON

FOR VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS


GRADE XII

EXPRESSION OF SHOWING
CAUSE AND EFFECT
It is taken from the curriculum for XII grade:
- KD 3.24 Pengetahuan tentang sebab akibat (Basic Competency
3.24 Knowledge about cause and effect)
- KD 4.24 Keterampilan tentang sebab akibat (Basic Competency
4.24 Skill about cause and effect)

After learning this, the students are able to ask and give information
showing cause and effect.
THE SONG OF CAUSE AND EFFECT
What are cause and effect?

Cause is the reason for an action or event.


Effect is the result of what happened.

In other words, cause is the why something happens and effect is the what that has occurred as a
result.

Let’s pay attention to these two sentences:

Our teacher was ill. We had to put off the exam.


Sentence 1 Sentence 2

The first sentence is the cause/reason of the second and the second is the effect/ result of the first
sentence. The idea would be understood more easily if we could express the relation between both
sentences. Thus, we could say:

Our teacher was ill, therefore we had to put off the exam.
We had to put off the exam because our teacher was ill.

As you can see, the two examples above sound better than the previous two sentences, thanks to the
use of the connectors/conjunctions therefore and because. Connectors/conjunctions can be used to
show contrast, purpose, sequence, etc. But, today we will be concentrating on the linking words that
show cause and effect.
Learning focus : Expressions of showing cause and effect.

A. Conjunctions followed by a complete sentence:


1. Because
This conjunction usually follows the main clause.

Example: She can’t come to school because it is raining.


Everybody likes her because she is very kind and friendly.
2. As and Since
They are very similar but as is less formal than since.
The clauses that start with these words are often at the beginning
of the sentence.

Example: - As I was very tired, I went to bed early.


- Since you are not interested, I won’t tell you about it.

3. For
This conjunction is very formal. For never comes at the
beginning of the sentence.

Example: We listened eagerly for he brought news of our


families.
 
B. Conjunctions followed by a noun, a noun phrase, a pronoun or
a gerund.
1. Because of
Example: They can’t come to school because of the rain.

2. Due to
Example:The game was cancelled due to bad weather.

3. Thanks to
Example:- Thanks to my fitness coach, I am now much stronger.
(This sentence indicates the speaker’s fitness coach was
responsible for his improvement. It shows that thanks to
has a sincere /positive connotation)
-Thanks to my little brother, my phone is broken.
(This sentence indicates that the speaker’s little brother
broke the phone. It shows that thanks to has a sarcastic/
negative connotation).
EXERCISES

I. Write sentences by using these connectors!


1. Because
2. As
3. Since
4. For
5. Because of
6. Due to
7.Thanks to

II. Identify the Cause and Effect in the following sentences.


Example: Sandy missed the bus and was late for school.
Cause : Sandy missed the bus.
Effect: She was late for school.

1. Dhita did a part-time job at fast food restaurant and earned extra
money to pay her tuition.
Cause: . . .
Effect: . . .
2. Rian did not study hard for his exam and got a low score.
Cause:
Effect:
3. My mother watered the chili plant regularly and it produced
dozens of chilies.
Cause:
Effect:
III. Choose the correct word or phrase in brackets to fill in the
gaps!
1. We stayed inside . . . the storm. (because/because of)
2. I wanted to stay longer . . . I was really enjoying the party.
(since/because of)
3. Tom stayed at home . . . his ilness. (as/due to)
4. Her lateness was . . . a terrible traffic jam. (due to/because)
5. . . . flights are cheaper in the winner, we decided to travel then.
(Since/Because of)
6. . . . she hated cats, she wasn’t happy when her husband bought
three. ( As/Because of)
7. Ali didn’t go to work . . . his illness. (because of / as)
8. . . . Sara was very tired, she went to bed early. (Because/Due to)
9. . . . his late night, John missed his train. (Because/Because of)
10. We were late for the plane . . . the traffic. (because/due to)
Please submit the exercises to your English teachers by WhatsApp.
The deadline is on Thursday, 23 July 2020 at 02:00 p.m.

Mam Hadijah 082268212010 TKJ 1


Mam Debby 085265969299 OTKP 1, OTKP 2, OTKP 4
Mam Rita Z 081371337177 AKL 1, BDP 1, BDP 2
Mam Koni 081959654119 UPW, OTKP 3, TKJ 2
Mam Yut 085265653438 PH, AKL 2, AKL 3
THANK YOU

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