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Developmental Screening Test

The document discusses developmental screening tests (DST) used to identify mental retardation in children aged 0-18. It describes DST as assessing children's development in motor skills, adaptive behavior, language, and personal-social skills compared to typical milestones. Children who show delays in two or more areas may need further evaluation. The DST provides a developmental age and quotient by scoring passed items and dividing by chronological age. Identification of mental retardation is done using screening schedules to look for delays across different developmental domains during a child's formative years.

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48K views21 pages

Developmental Screening Test

The document discusses developmental screening tests (DST) used to identify mental retardation in children aged 0-18. It describes DST as assessing children's development in motor skills, adaptive behavior, language, and personal-social skills compared to typical milestones. Children who show delays in two or more areas may need further evaluation. The DST provides a developmental age and quotient by scoring passed items and dividing by chronological age. Identification of mental retardation is done using screening schedules to look for delays across different developmental domains during a child's formative years.

Uploaded by

Nasir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DEVELOPMENTAL SCREENING TEST (DST)

By Bharat Raj
Mental Retardation

• Mental retardation is a condition of arrested


or incomplete development of the mind,
which is especially characterized by
impairment of skills manifested during the
developmental period, which contribute to
the overall level of intelligence, i.e. cognitive,
language, motor and social abilities.
(ICD-10)
Intellectual Disability

• Intellectual disability as a DSM-5 diagnostic


term replaces “mental retardation” used in
previous editions of the manuals. In addition,
the parenthetical name “(intellectual
developmental disorder)” is included in the
text to reflect deficits in cognitive capacity
beginning in the developmental period.
(APA-DSM-5-Intellectual-Disability)
• Developmental Period, is defined as the period
of time between birth till 18 years of age.
• Growth & development of children follow a
pattern. Every child passes through certain
steps at specific times in its life. These stages
are called milestones of development.
• Early identification of mental retardation is
made by seeing how much a child is delayed on
the milestones’ of development.
F70-F79
Mental Retardation

Alphanumeric Level of Mental Retardation Range


code

F70 Mild Mental Retardation 50-69

F71 Moderate Mental Retardation 35-49

F72 Severe Mental Retardation 20-34

F73 Profound Mental Retardation < 20


• Developmental screening A brief test using a
screening tool does not provide a diagnosis,
but it indicates if a child is on the right
development track or if a specialist should
take a closer look. If the screening tool
identifies an area of concern, a
formal developmental evaluation may be
needed.
Identification of mental retardation is done by
using certain questionnaires or checklists
called screening schedules.
• Assessment is simply a matter of determining
how well a child’s behavior fits at ones age
level constellation rather than another by
direct comparison. The schedule has very few
culturally laden items.

• It consists of selected items for assessing


maturity in the following four major
developmental areas:
1. Motor Development: includes both gross bodily control and
finer motor coordination like head balance, postural reactions
and locomotion.

2. Adaptive Behavior: includes perceptual, orientational, manual


and verbal adjustments which reflect the child’s capacity to
initiate and profit from past experience.

3. Language Development: includes all means of communication


such as facial expression, gestures, postural movements, and
vocalizations.

4. Personal-Social Behavior: includes the child’s personal


reactions to others play behavior, social smile, feeding and
toilet training.
Look for the Red Flags

Language/Spe
Motor
ech
Development
Development

Adaptive Personal Social


Behavior Behavior
SCORING

• Any item on the Developmental Schedule if


adequately performed by the child, should be
checked with a right (√) sign. A wrong (×) sign
should be used whenever the child fails to
perform.
• In scoring a child’s performance on
developmental examination, several adjacent
age levels should be rated as follows-
Value of each item Total no. of Items No. of items passed
3 Months 0.43 7 ˶
6 Months 0.5 6 ˶
9 Months 0.75 4 ˶
1 Year 0.75 4 ˶
1 Year & 6 Months 1.5 4 ˶
2 Years 1.5 4 ˶
3 Years 2 6 ˶
4 Years 2.4 4 ˶
5 Years 2 6 ˶
6 Years 2.4 5 ˶
7 Years 2.4 5 ˶
8 Years 3 4 ˶
9 Years 2 6 ˶
10 Years 2.4 5 ˶
11 Years 3 4 ˶
12 Years 4 3 ˶
13 Years 2.4 5 ˶
15 Years 4.8 5 ˶
• Find out overall Developmental Age. Compute
Developmental Quotient by dividing DA by CA
and multiplying by 100.

Overall Developmental Age

● (D.A)

Overall Developmental Quotient

● (D.Q)= DA/CA x 100


Developmental Screening Test
(Bharatraj)
M D
M D
M D
M D
M D
THANK YOU

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