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Experiment Number: Preparation of Standard Oxalic Acid and Standard Potassium Dichromate Solution

This document describes the preparation of standard oxalic acid and potassium dichromate solutions. Standard solutions of known concentration are prepared using primary or secondary standard substances. The document outlines the procedure to prepare 250mL solutions that are 0.1N in concentration. For the oxalic acid solution, 1.575g of oxalic acid is weighed and dissolved in water to make a 250mL volume. For the potassium dichromate solution, 1.225g is weighed and dissolved to make 250mL at a concentration of 0.1N. The concentration is calculated based on the gram equivalent weight and volume of the prepared solutions.

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Abir Chowdhury
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510 views8 pages

Experiment Number: Preparation of Standard Oxalic Acid and Standard Potassium Dichromate Solution

This document describes the preparation of standard oxalic acid and potassium dichromate solutions. Standard solutions of known concentration are prepared using primary or secondary standard substances. The document outlines the procedure to prepare 250mL solutions that are 0.1N in concentration. For the oxalic acid solution, 1.575g of oxalic acid is weighed and dissolved in water to make a 250mL volume. For the potassium dichromate solution, 1.225g is weighed and dissolved to make 250mL at a concentration of 0.1N. The concentration is calculated based on the gram equivalent weight and volume of the prepared solutions.

Uploaded by

Abir Chowdhury
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT NUMBER 1

Preparation of standard oxalic acid and


standard potassium dichromate solution
Glass Apparatus :
Volumetric flask

Funnel

Weighing Bottle

Analytical balance
Solutions for volumetric analysis
Standard solution:

A solution of known strength i.e. a solution which contains a known weight of a


solute in a definite volume of solvent is called a standard solution. The
strength(concentration) of a standard solution is usually expressed in
Normality(N), Molarity(M) .

Two types of standard solutions are used

1. Primary standard solution:


Substances used for preparing such a standard solution should be
(a) available in pure crystalline form (b) inert to atmosphere (not hygroscopic,
not oxidized by air, no reaction with CO2) (c) of high equivalent weight, so that
the weighing error is negligible (d) dried easily at 1100 -1200C (e) of ready
solubility of solvents like water and the solution should be stable and its
reaction should be instantaneous. Na2CO3, H2C2O4.2H2O, Na2C2O4
( sodium oxalate), K2Cr2O7,NaCl are used as primary standard solution.
2. Secondary standard solution:
Water soluble impure (crystalline) substances of high equivalent
weight and of instantaneous reactivity with others, but strength of the
solution of which changes with time, are used to be prepare secondary
standard solution. HCl, H₂SO₄, KOH, NaOH, KMnO₄, EDTA are
commonly used as secondary standard solution.

Normality:
Normality of the solution is the no. of gram-equivalent of the solute
present in 1000 ml or 1 lt of the solution. Normality of solution is
temperature dependent because although mass of solute is temperature
independent, the volume of the solution depends on temperature.

Molalrty:
The molarity of the solution is the gram-molecule of solute dissolved
in 1 litre of the solution. Molarity of the solution is temperature
dependent because although the mass of the solute is independent of
temperature, the volume of the solution changes with temperature.
Molality:
Molality denotes the no. of gram-molecule or mole of the
solute dissolved 1000gm of the solvent.

Gram-Equivalent weight:
Gram-Equivalent weights of different substances are
determined using the following formulas:
Gram-Equivalent weight of Acid = gm molecular weight /
Basicity

Gram-Equivalent weight of Base = gm molecular weight /


Acidity
AIM : To prepare standard oxalic acid and standard
potassium dichromate solution

Apparatus :
1. Analytical Balance
2. Weighing bottle
3. Volumetric flask
4. Funnel
5. Spatula
6. Dropper
7. Beaker

Materials Required:
8. Oxalic acid A.R. grade
9. Potassium Dichromate A.R.grade
10. Distilled water
(1) Preparation of standard oxalic acid solution:
Equivalent weight of oxalic acid is 63. Hence in order to prepare 250 ml
of (N/10) solution, 1.575 gm oxalic acid is required. Weight out 1.575 gm
of AR quality oxalic acid into a clean 250 ml volumetric flask. Wash the
entire quantity of solid into the flask by careful addition of distilled water.
Hold the flask firmly and shake carefully. When the entire solid has
dissolved, makeup the volume to the mark.
Let the weight of oxalic acid taken = w gm
Strength of oxalic acid = w ( N/10)
1.575
Weighing of oxalic acid :
Initial Final Weight Weight to be Strength
weight(gm) weight(gm) taken(gm) taken(gm)

W₁=25.556 W₂ =27.131 W₁ -W₂ = 1.575


w=1.575
(2) Preparation of standard Potassium Dichromate solution:

Gram – equivalent of K₂Cr₂O₇ = 2 x 39 + 2 x 52 + 7 x 16 g


6
= 294/ 6 g = 49 g

Weigh of K₂Cr₂O₇ required to prepare 250 ml (N/10) solution =


49 x 250 g
1000 x 10
= 1.225 g
1.225 g of A.R grade K₂Cr₂O₇ is accurately weighed out by an Analytical
balance and transfer into a funnel to the neck of a 250 ml volumetric flask.
Wash the entire quantity of solid into the flask by careful addition of distilled
water. Hold the flask firmly and shake carefully. When the entire solid has
dissolved, makeup the volume to the mark.

Let the weight of K₂Cr₂O₇ taken = w gm


Strength of K₂Cr₂O₇ = w ( N/10) = f (N/10) , f=factor
1.225

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