GRAMMER

PASSIVE: PRESENT
SIMPLE AND Positive form / Negative
form
PAST SIMPLE
. WHAT IS PRESENT SIMPLE
PASSIVE ?
The present simple passive is used talk about the action that
happen habitually and the subject is not a doer of the action but
the receiver of if.
 Present Simple Passive
1. POSITIVE FORM
English has two voices: active and passive.
. Active : The active voice is used when the subject of the sentence does the action.

Form : Subject + Verb base form (V1)+ Object.

FOR EXAMPLE : In the example, A is the subject and B is the object.

My mom sings that song .

A B NOTED : When we use the verb with
. He opens the door . Third-person singular ( He/She/ It) we
. They wear blue shoes . must add ( -s/-es/-ies ) at the end of the
verb.
. Passive : is used when we focus on the object of the sentence
Form : JSubject + to be ( am/is/are ) + Past Participle (V3) + by + Object.

FOR EXAMPLE: In the example, B becomes the subject.

1. The song is sung by my mom .

B A
2. The door is opened by him .
3. Blue shoes are worn by them .

1. Base 2. Simple 3. Past

Infinitive Form Past Participle
(3rd form)
** Noted: Past Participles (3rd form of the verb)
to sing Sing Sang Sung
English verbs have three main forms: to open Open Opened Opened
to wear Wear Wore Worn
.PRACTICE : REWRITE THE SENTENCES IN PASSIVE
VOICE AND ACCTIVE VOICE :

1. ACTIVE : I draw a picture .

PASSIVE : __________________________________.

2. PASSIVE : A lot of money is paid by her.

ACTIVE : ___________________________________.

3. ACTIVE : The lady gave me the keys.

PASSIVE : __________________________________.
 Remember!
The past participle always stays the same. Only the form of be changes.
The subject and verb must always agree in number.

Subject Verb Object

Active The teachers helps the new student.

Passive The new student is helped by the teacher.

Active The teachers helps the new students.

Passive The new students are helped by the teachers.

 2. NEGATIVE FORM :
. Active:
FORM:
dSubject + Do/Does + Not + Verb base form (V1) + Object.

FOR EXAMPLE: Let’s see some of the sentences below:

1. My mom does not sing that song. *Noted: I
Do
2. He does not open the door. you/we/they
3. They do not wear blue shoes. He
Does
She/It
.Passive:

FORM: Subject + To be ( am/is/are) + Not + Past Participle(V3) + by + Object.

FOR EXAMPLE: Let’s see some of the sentences below:

1. That song is not sung by my mom. *Noted: Short cut:

2. The door is not opened by him . . is not ~ isn’t
3. Blue shoes are not wore by them. . are not ~ aren’t / am not ~ am not

PRACTICE TIME : Change the sentences below in two Negative form:

1. Passive: The cow are not milked every morning by Jack.
Active: ______________________________________ .
2. Active: Kids do not always eat candies.
Passive: _____________________________________ .
3. Active: Everybody do not love chocolate.
Passive: _____________________________________ .
 Comparison Between Positive & Negative
:
Active Passive

Positive Ben walks the dog. The dog is walked by Ben.

They make cookies here . Cookies are made here by them.

Negative Ben does not walk the dog. The dog is not walked by Ben.
They do not make cookies here Cookies are not made here by them.
. WHAT IS PAST SIMPLE
PASSIVE ?
The past simple passive is formed by using 'was' or 'were' plus the past
participle. The passive is used when the person or thing that did the action is
unknown, unimportant or not the focus of our interest. We use 'by' with the
passive if we want to identify who or what did the action.
 Past Simple Passive

1. Positive:
. Active:
Form: Subject + Verb (Past Simple form V2) + Object.

FOR EXAMPLE:
2. Jasmine and Sofia bought some dresses.
3. He washed his car.
4. I saw a movie yesterday.
. Passive:
**When to use Past Simple Passive?
We use Past Simple Passive for actions or events that happened in the past (yesterday, last week (month,
year), in 2010). Unlike the Past Perfect Passive, there’s no specific point in the past. In such statements we
focus attention on the person or thing affected by the action, when the subject is unknown, unclear or
irrelevant.
FORM: Subject + was/were + Past Participle (V3) + by + Object.

FOR EXAMPLE:
1. Some dresses were brought by Jasmine and Sofia.
Note: We use ‘was‘ for singular
2. The car was washed by him. nouns and pronouns (I, he, she,
it) and ‘were‘ for plural nouns
3. No apples were eaten by Lauran. and pronouns (you, we, they).
 . PRACTICE TIME:
1. Passive : I was bitten by a dog a few days ago.
Active:___________________________________ .
2. Active : The teacher corrected the mistakes .
Passive:__________________________________ .
3. Passive: No apples were eaten by Lauran.
Active: ___________________________________ .
 2. NEGATIVE:
. Active:
FORM: Subject + didn’t + Verb (Base form) + Object.

FOR EXAMPLE:
1. Jasmine and Sofia didn’t buy some dresses.
2. He didn’t wash his car.
3. I didn’t see a movie yesterday.
. Passive :
Making a negative Past Simple Passive form is easy. Just insert ‘not‘ between ‘was’ or ‘were’
and Past Participle (the contracted forms are ‘wasn’t’ and ‘weren’t’).

FORM: Subject + was/were + Not + Past Participle (V3) + by + Object.

FOR EXAMPLE:
1. Some dresses were not brought by Jasmine and Sofia.
Shortcut:
2. The car was not washed by him. was not ___ wasn’t
were not ___ weren’t
3. No apples were not eaten by Ben.
LET’S SEE THE COMPARISON
BETWEEN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
Active Passive
Positive She sang a song. A song was sung by her.

Negative She didn’t sing a song. A song was not sung by her.

Positive A thief stole the cars. The cars were stole by a thief.

Negative A thief didn’t stole the cars. The cars were not stole by a thief.
.PRACTICE TIME:
Complete the blank space below:

Active Passive
Positive __________________________ . The cookies were made by Olyvia.

Negative She did not win the prize. _____________________________ .

Positive Somebody hit me. _____________________________ .

Negative ___________________________ . The bed were not made by them.